初中英語《動詞短語》專項(xiàng)練習(xí)與解析(100題)姓名：________分?jǐn)?shù)：________時間：90分鐘說明：本試卷聚焦初中英語動詞短語核心考點(diǎn)，涵蓋動詞+介詞、動詞+副詞、動詞+名詞+介詞、情態(tài)動詞+動詞短語等固定搭配，以及近義動詞短語辨析、時態(tài)語境適配、句式轉(zhuǎn)換等用法，完全符合課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求，貼合課堂教學(xué)與中考備考實(shí)際。共100題，分為單項(xiàng)選擇題（60題）、句型轉(zhuǎn)換題（30題）和句子翻譯題（10題），卷尾附詳細(xì)參考答案與解析。一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（每題1分，共60分）從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，使句子語法正確、語義通順。He______upearlyeverymorningtoexercise.Ithelpshimkeepfit.

A.getsB.givesC.takesD.looksCouldyouplease______amessageformewhenyouseeher?

A.takeB.makeC.doD.giveThelittlegirlisafraidofdogs,soshealways______awaywhensheseesone.

A.runsB.goesC.walksD.comesWeshould______careoftheoldandtheyounginourcommunity.

A.takeB.makeC.doD.getThemeetingwill______offbecausethemanagerisill.Wehavetorescheduleit.

A.putB.takeC.giveD.callHe______onwellwithhisclassmates.Theyoftenplaytogetherafterschool.

A.getsB.makesC.doesD.goesPlease______attentiontoyourpronunciationwhenyoureadEnglish.

A.payB.takeC.giveD.getShe______upanewhobbylastyear—painting.Nowshepaintseveryweekend.

A.tookB.gaveC.madeD.gotTheteacheraskedusto______downtheimportantpointsinclass.

A.writeB.putC.takeD.getWemust______upwiththetimes,orwewillfallbehindothers.

A.keepB.catchC.takeD.getHe______backhomelatelastnightbecausehehadtofinishhiswork.

A.cameB.wentC.gotD.returnedThedoctoradvisedhimto______upsmokingtoimprovehishealth.

A.giveB.takeC.putD.getPlease______onthelightbeforeyouentertheroom.It'sdarkinside.

A.turnB.putC.takeD.getThey______adecisiontotraveltoBeijingnextsummervacationyesterday.

A.madeB.tookC.didD.gotThebookisveryinteresting.Ican't______itdown.

A.putB.takeC.giveD.getWeneedto______readyfortheexam.Thereisonlyoneweekleft.

A.getB.makeC.takeD.doHe______alotofmoneyonbookseveryyear.Helovesreading.

A.spendsB.takesC.paysD.costsThefiremen______outthefirequickly.Noonewashurt.

A.putB.tookC.gaveD.gotShe______afterheryoungerbrotherwhenherparentsareaway.

A.looksB.takesC.makesD.getsWe______partintheschoolsportsmeetinglastmonth.Itwasexciting.

A.tookB.madeC.didD.gotHe______forwardtoseeinghisgrandparentsduringtheSpringFestival.

A.looksB.takesC.givesD.getsPlease______offyourshoesbeforeenteringtheroom.It'sarulehere.

A.takeB.putC.getD.giveThemachine______downsuddenly.Wehavetocallarepairman.

A.brokeB.tookC.madeD.gotShe______upearlythismorningtocatchthefirstbus.

A.gotB.tookC.gaveD.putWeshould______carenottomakethesamemistakeagain.

A.takeB.makeC.doD.getHe______aphonecalltohismothereveryweekendtotellherabouthislife.

A.makesB.takesC.doesD.givesThestudents______partinvolunteerworkeveryweekendtohelpothers.

A.takeB.makeC.doD.getShe______onhercoatandwentout.Itwascoldoutside.

A.putB.tookC.gotD.gaveWeneedto______upwithaplantosolvethisproblemassoonaspossible.

A.comeB.takeC.makeD.getHe______hisbesttofinishtheworkontime,buthefailed.

A.triedB.didC.madeD.tookPlease______attentiontothetrafficruleswhenyoucrosstheroad.

A.payB.takeC.giveD.getTheoldman______awaypeacefullylastnight.Hewas88yearsold.

A.passedB.tookC.gaveD.gotShe______alettertoherpenpallastweek.Sheiswaitingforareply.

A.wroteB.madeC.didD.tookWe______awalkintheparkafterdinnereveryday.It'srelaxing.

A.takeB.makeC.doD.getHe______upsmokingthreeyearsago.Nowheismuchhealthier.

A.gaveB.tookC.putD.gotPlease______offtheTVwhenyouleavetheroom.Saveelectricity.

A.turnB.putC.takeD.getThey______anewschoolinourneighborhoodnextyear.

A.willbuildB.willmakeC.willdoD.willtakeShe______careofhersickmotherforamonth.Shewasverytired.

A.tookB.madeC.didD.gotHe______onwellwithhisnewjob.Hisbossisverysatisfiedwithhim.

A.getsB.makesC.doesD.goesPlease______downyournameandphonenumberontheform.

A.fillB.writeC.takeD.getWe______partintheEnglishspeechcontestlastweek.Iwonthefirstprize.

A.tookB.madeC.didD.gotThecomputer______downagain.Ithinkweneedtobuyanewone.

A.brokeB.tookC.madeD.gotShe______forwardtothesummervacationeveryyear.Shecantravelwithherfamily.

A.looksB.takesC.givesD.getsHe______alotoftimepracticingEnglisheveryday.HisEnglishisimprovingfast.

A.spendsB.takesC.paysD.costsPlease______upthepiecesofpaperonthefloor.It'smessyhere.

A.pickB.takeC.putD.getThey______adecisiontomovetoanewcitynextyear.

A.madeB.tookC.didD.gotTheteacheraskedusto______upthenewwordsinthedictionary.

A.lookB.takeC.putD.getShe______offherhatandbowedtotheaudience.

A.tookB.putC.gotD.gaveWeneedto______readyfortheparty.Let'sdecoratetheroom.

A.getB.makeC.takeD.doHe______amistakeintheexam.Hewasverysad.

A.madeB.tookC.didD.gotPlease______attentiontoyourhandwriting.It'stoomessy.

A.payB.takeC.giveD.getThefire______outquicklybecauseoftheheavyrain.

A.diedB.tookC.gaveD.gotShe______astorytoherlittlebrothereverynightbeforehegoestobed.

A.tellsB.saysC.speaksD.talksWe______upearlytomorrowmorningtogohiking.Don'tbelate.

A.willgetB.willtakeC.willgiveD.willputHe______onhisglassestoreadthenewspaper.

A.putB.tookC.gotD.gaveThey______alotofphotosduringtheirtriptoXi'an.

A.tookB.madeC.didD.gotShe______careoftheflowerseveryday.Theyaregrowingwell.

A.takesB.makesC.doesD.getsPlease______offthelightwhenyougotobed.

A.turnB.putC.takeD.getHe______hisbesttohelpmewithmyhomework.I'mverygrateful.

A.triedB.didC.madeD.took二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換題（每題1分，共30分）根據(jù)要求改寫句子，每空一詞（含縮寫），使句子語法正確、語義通順，符合動詞短語用法。（一）對劃線部分提問Hegetsupearlyeverymorning.

____________hegetupearly?Shetookamessageforherfriendyesterdayafternoon.

____________shetakeamessageforherfriend?Wetakecareoftheoldinourcommunity.

____________youtakecareoftheold?Hespendsalotofmoneyonbookseveryyear.

____________hespendalotofmoneyoneveryyear?TheymadeadecisiontotraveltoBeijingnextsummervacation.

____________theymakeadecisiontodonextsummervacation?Shelooksafterheryoungerbrotherwhenherparentsareaway.

____________shelookafterheryoungerbrother?Wetakeawalkintheparkafterdinnereveryday.

____________youtakeawalkafterdinnereveryday?Hegaveupsmokingthreeyearsago.

____________hegiveupsmoking?Shewritesalettertoherpenpalonceaweek.

____________doesshewritealettertoherpenpal?Wewillbuildanewschoolinourneighborhoodnextyear.

____________youbuildanewschoolnextyear?（二）改為同義句Hegetsupearlyeverymorning.

He____________earlyeverymorning.Shetookamessageforherfriend.

She______amessage______herfriend.Wetakecareoftheoldinourcommunity.

We____________theoldinourcommunity.Hespendsalotofmoneyonbookseveryyear.

He______alotofmoney______bookseveryyear.TheymadeadecisiontotraveltoBeijing.

They____________totraveltoBeijing.Shelooksafterheryoungerbrother.

She____________heryoungerbrother.Hegaveupsmokingthreeyearsago.

He____________smokingthreeyearsago.Wetakeawalkintheparkafterdinner.

We____________awalkintheparkafterdinner.Shewritesalettertoherpenpalonceaweek.

She______herpenpalaletteronceaweek.Hetriedhisbesttofinishtheworkontime.

He____________tofinishtheworkontime.（三）用適當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~短語填空Mymother____________(起床)at6o'clockeverymorningtocookbreakfast.Couldyou____________(捎個口信)formetoyoursister?Weshould____________(照顧)thesickchildreninthehospital.He____________(戒煙)lastyearbecauseofhishealthproblem.They____________(做出決定)tobuyanewhouselastmonth.Please____________(關(guān)掉)thelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.She____________(期待)seeingherbestfriendattheparty.We____________(散步)intheparkeveryeveningafterdinner.He____________(努力)topasstheexam,buthedidn'tsucceed.Themachine____________(出故障)suddenly.Weneedtorepairit.三、句子翻譯題（每題1分，共10分）將下列句子翻譯成英語，要求正確使用動詞短語，語法正確，語義通順。他每天早上早起鍛煉。你能幫我給她捎個口信嗎？我們應(yīng)該照顧社區(qū)里的老人和小孩。他三年前戒煙了。他們昨天決定明年暑假去北京旅行。她父母不在家時，她照顧弟弟。我們每天晚飯后在公園散步。請離開房間時關(guān)掉電視。他努力按時完成了工作。她期待著在聚會上見到她的朋友。參考答案與解析一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（每題1分，共60分）A解析：考查動詞短語getup。getup意為“起床”，固定搭配，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)，一般現(xiàn)在時用gets，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takeamessage。takeamessageforsb.意為“為某人捎口信”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語runaway。runaway意為“逃跑，跑開”，符合句意“小女孩害怕狗，看到狗就跑開”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takecareof。takecareof意為“照顧，照料”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語putoff。putoff意為“推遲，延期”，符合句意“會議因經(jīng)理生病而推遲”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語getonwellwith。getonwellwithsb.意為“與某人相處融洽”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語payattentionto。payattentionto意為“注意，關(guān)注”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takeup。takeup意為“開始從事，培養(yǎng)（愛好）”，由lastyear可知用一般過去時took，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語writedown。writedown意為“寫下，記下”，符合句意“老師讓我們在課堂上記下重點(diǎn)”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語keepupwith。keepupwith意為“跟上，趕上”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語comeeback意為“回來”，return也可表示“返回”，但此處空格后已有back，不能重復(fù)用return，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語giveup。giveup意為“放棄”，giveupsmoking意為“戒煙”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語turnon。turnon意為“打開（電器）”，符合句意“進(jìn)入房間前打開燈”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語makeadecision。makeadecision意為“做出決定”，固定搭配，由yesterday可知用一般過去時made，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語putdown。putdown意為“放下”，符合句意“這本書很有趣，我放不下它”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語getreadyfor。getreadyfor意為“為……做準(zhǔn)備”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語spend...on...。spend主語是人，spendmoneyonsth.意為“在某物上花錢”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語putout。putout意為“撲滅（火災(zāi)）”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語lookafter。lookafter意為“照顧，照料”，與takecareof同義，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takepartin。takepartin意為“參加（活動、比賽等）”，由lastmonth可知用一般過去時took，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語lookforwardto。lookforwardto意為“期待，盼望”，固定搭配，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)，用looks，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takeoff。takeoff意為“脫下（衣物、鞋帽）”，符合句意“進(jìn)入房間前脫鞋”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語breakdown。breakdown意為“（機(jī)器、車輛等）出故障，壞掉”，由suddenly可知用一般過去時broke，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語getup。getup意為“起床”，由thismorning可知用一般過去時got，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takecare。takecare意為“小心，注意”，takecarenottodosth.意為“小心不要做某事”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語makeaphonecall。makeaphonecall意為“打電話”，固定搭配，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)，用makes，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takepartin。takepartin意為“參加”，由everyweekend可知用一般現(xiàn)在時take，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語puton。puton意為“穿上（衣物）”，符合句意“她穿上外套出去了”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語comeupeupwith意為“想出（計劃、主意等）”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語tryone'sbest。tryone'sbest意為“盡某人最大努力”，由failed可知用一般過去時tried，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語payattentionto。payattentionto意為“注意”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語passaway。passaway意為“去世，逝世”，委婉表達(dá)，符合句意“老人昨晚安詳離世”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語writealetter。writealetter意為“寫信”，由lastweek可知用一般過去時wrote，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takeawalk。takeawalk意為“散步”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語giveup。giveupsmoking意為“戒煙”，由threeyearsago可知用一般過去時gave，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語turnoff。turnoff意為“關(guān)掉（電器）”，符合句意“離開房間時關(guān)掉電視”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語buildaschool。build意為“建造”，buildaschool意為“建學(xué)?！?，由nextyear可知用一般將來時willbuild，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takecareof。takecareof意為“照顧”，由foramonth可知用一般過去時took，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語getonwellwith。getonwellwithsth.意為“適應(yīng)某事，某事進(jìn)展順利”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語filldown。filldown意為“填寫”，filldownone'sname意為“填寫名字”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takepartin。takepartin意為“參加”，由lastweek可知用一般過去時took，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語breakdown。breakdown意為“出故障”，由again可知用一般過去時broke，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語lookforwardto。lookforwardto意為“期待”，主語she是第三人稱單數(shù)，用looks，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語spend...doing...。spendtimedoingsth.意為“花費(fèi)時間做某事”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語pickup。pickup意為“撿起，拾起”，符合句意“撿起地上的紙”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語makeadecision。makeadecision意為“做出決定”，由nextyear可知用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，主語they用make，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語lookup。lookup意為“查閱（字典、資料等）”，lookupnewwords意為“查生詞”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takeoff。takeoff意為“脫下”，takeoffone'shat意為“摘下帽子”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語getreadyfor。getreadyfor意為“為……做準(zhǔn)備”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語makeamistake。makeamistake意為“犯錯誤”，固定搭配，由was可知用一般過去時made，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語payattentionto。payattentionto意為“注意”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語dieout。dieout意為“熄滅”，符合句意“大火因大雨很快熄滅”，由becauseoftheheavyrain可知用一般過去時died，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語tellastory。tellastory意為“講故事”，固定搭配，主語she是第三人稱單數(shù)，用tells，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語getup。getup意為“起床”，由tomorrowmorning可知用一般將來時willget，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語puton。puton意為“戴上（眼鏡、帽子等）”，putonglasses意為“戴上眼鏡”，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takephotos。takephotos意為“拍照”，固定搭配，由duringtheirtrip可知用一般過去時took，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語takecareof。takecareof意為“照顧”，由everyday可知用一般現(xiàn)在時takes，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語turnoff。turnoff意為“關(guān)掉”，turnoffthelight意為“關(guān)燈”，固定搭配，故選A。A解析：考查動詞短語tryone'sbest。tryone'sbest意為“盡某人最大努力”，符合句意“他盡力幫我輔導(dǎo)作業(yè)”，故選A。二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換題（每題1分，共30分）（一）對劃線部分提問Whendoes解析：劃線部分是頻率時間，用when提問，原句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞用does，故填Whendoes。Whendid解析：劃線部分是具體時間，用when提問，原句是一般過去時，助動詞用did，故填Whendid。Wheredo解析：劃線部分是地點(diǎn)，用where提問，原句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語we是復(fù)數(shù)，助動詞用do，故填Wheredo。Whatdoes解析：劃線部分是事物，用what提問，原句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞用does，故填Whatdoes。Whatdid解析：劃線部分是動作內(nèi)容，用what提問，原句是一般過去時，助動詞用did，故填Whatdid。Whendoes解析：劃線部分是時間狀語從句，用when提問，原句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語she是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞用does，故填Whendoes。Wheredo解析：劃線部分是地點(diǎn)，用where提問，原句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語we是復(fù)數(shù)，助動詞用do，故填Wheredo。Whendid解析：劃線部分是時間，用when提問，原句是一般過去時，助動詞用did，故填Whendid。Howoften解析：劃線部分是頻率，用howoften提問，故填Howoften。Wherewill解析：劃線部分是地點(diǎn)，用where提問，原句是一般將來時，助動詞用will，故填Wherewill。（二）改為同義句risesearly解析：getupearly與riseearly同義，均表示“早起”，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)，rise用rises，故填risesearly。left;for解析：takeamessageforsb.與leaveamessageforsb.同義，均表示“為某人捎口信”，原句是一般過去時，leave用left，故填left;for。lookafter解析：takecareof與lookafter同義，均表示“照顧”，故填lookafter。pays;for解析：spend...on...與pay...for...同義，均表示“為某物花錢”，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)，pay用pays，故填pays;for。decided解析：makeadecisiontodosth.與decidetodosth.同義，均表示“決定做某事”，原句是一般過去時，decide用decided，故填decided。takescareof解析：lookafter與takecareof同義，均表示“照顧”，主語she是第三人稱單數(shù)，take用takes，故填takescareof。quit解析：giveup與quit同義，均表示“放棄”，原句是一般過去時，quit的過去式是quit，故填quit。gofor解析：takeawalk與goforawalk同義，均表示“散步”，故填gofor。writes解析：writealettertosb.與writesb.aletter同義，均表示“給某人寫信”，主語she是第三人稱單數(shù)，write用writes，故填writes。didhisbest解析：tryone'sbest與doone'sbest同義，均表示“盡某人最大努力”，原句是一般過去時，do用did，故填didhisbest。（三）用適當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~短語填空getsup解析：“起床”對應(yīng)的動詞短語是getup，主語mymother是第三人稱單數(shù)，一般現(xiàn)在時用getsup。takeamessage解析：“捎個口信”對應(yīng)的動詞短語是takeamessage，could后接動詞原形。takecareof解析：“照顧”對應(yīng)的動詞短語是takecareof，should后接動詞原形。gaveup解析：“戒煙”對應(yīng)的動詞短語是giveupsmoking，由lastyear可知用一般過去時gaveup。madeadecision解析：“做出決定”對應(yīng)的動詞短語是makeadecision，由lastmonth可知用一般過去時madeadecision。turnoff解析：“關(guān)掉”對應(yīng)的動詞短語是turnoff，please后接動詞原形。looksforwardto解析：“期待”對應(yīng)的動詞短語是lookforwardto，主語she是第三人稱單數(shù)，用looksforwardto。takeawalk解析：“散步”對應(yīng)的動詞短語是takeawalk，由everyevening可知用一般現(xiàn)在時takeawalk。triedhisbest解析：“努力”對應(yīng)的動詞短語是tryone'sbest，由didn'tsucceed可知用一般過去時triedhisbest。brokedown解析：“出故障”對應(yīng)的動詞短語是breakdown，由suddenly可知用一般過去時brokedown。三、句子翻譯題（每題1分，共10分）Hegetsupearlyevery