2026年托福英語考試閱讀理解與寫作練習(xí)題集題型一：細節(jié)題（共5題，每題2分）說明：以下題目考查對文章具體信息的理解和定位能力。1.Passage:TheriseofrenewableenergyinEuropehasbeendrivenbyenvironmentalpoliciesanddecliningsolarpanelcosts.CountrieslikeGermanyandFrancehaveinvestedheavilyinwindandsolarprojects,aimingtoreducecarbonemissionsby55%by2030.However,challengesremain,suchasgridinfrastructureupgradesandstoragesolutionsforintermittentenergysources.Question:Accordingtothepassage,whatisonemajorchallengefacedbyrenewableenergyprojectsinEurope?Answer:Gridinfrastructureupgradesandstoragesolutionsforintermittentenergysources.2.Passage:InTokyo,theadoptionofelectricvehicles(EVs)hasincreasedby30%overthepastfiveyears,supportedbygovernmentsubsidiesandcharginginfrastructureexpansion.Despitethisprogress,thehighcostofEVsremainsabarrierformanyconsumers.Industryanalystspredictthatbatterytechnologyadvancementscouldlowerpricesby2028.Question:WhatfactorhascontributedtotheslowadoptionofEVsinTokyo,accordingtothepassage?Answer:ThehighcostofEVs.3.Passage:TheGreatBarrierReeffacesseverethreatsfromclimatechange,coralbleaching,andpollution.Scientistshaveproposedseveralconservationmeasures,includingreducedfishingrestrictionsandartificialreefcreation.However,theeffectivenessoftheseeffortsisuncertainwithoutbroaderglobalcooperation.Question:WhatisonesolutionsuggestedtohelpprotecttheGreatBarrierReef?Answer:Reducedfishingrestrictionsandartificialreefcreation.4.Passage:TheAmazonrainforestiscriticalforglobalbiodiversity,butdeforestationrateshavesurgedduetoagriculturalexpansionandlogging.ArecentstudybytheWorldWildlifeFundfoundthat20%oftheforesthasbeenlostinthepastdecade.Internationalorganizationsareurgingnationstoenforcestricterland-usepolicies.Question:Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarycauseofdeforestationintheAmazon?Answer:Agriculturalexpansionandlogging.5.Passage:InSingapore,thegovernmenthasimplementedstrictregulationsonsingle-useplasticstocombatpollution.Businessesarerequiredtoreducepackagingwasteandpromotereusablealternatives.Whilethepolicyhasfacedsomeresistancefromsmallretailers,ithassignificantlyreducedplasticwasteinpublicspaces.Question:WhatrequirementhastheSingaporegovernmentimposedonbusinessesregardingsingle-useplastics?Answer:Reducepackagingwasteandpromotereusablealternatives.題型二：推理題（共4題，每題3分）說明：以下題目考查根據(jù)文章信息進行合理推斷的能力。1.Passage:UrbanplannersinSeoulhaveprioritizedgreenspacesinnewdevelopmentstoimproveresidents'mentalhealth.Studiesshowthataccesstoparksreducesstressandenhancescommunitycohesion.However,opponentsarguethatsuchprojectsaretooexpensiveandcoulddisplacelow-incomefamilies.Question:Whatisthelikelyconcernofopponentstourbangreenspaceinitiatives?Answer:Thehighcostandpotentialdisplacementoflow-incomefamilies.2.Passage:TheU.S.educationsystemhasbeencriticizedforitsracialdisparitiesinschoolfunding.Wealthierdistrictsoftenreceivemoreresources,whileminoritycommunitiesstrugglewithunderfundedschools.Advocatesproposeredistributingtaxestoequalizefunding,butthisideafacesstrongpoliticalopposition.Question:WhatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweenschoolfundingandracialinequalityintheU.S.?Answer:Wealthierdistrictsreceivemorefunding,exacerbatingdisparitiesinminoritycommunities.3.Passage:Theriseofremoteworkhastransformedcorporateculture,withmanycompaniesadoptingflexibleschedulesandvirtualcollaborationtools.Whileproductivityhasincreasedinsomesectors,othersreportchallengesinmaintainingteamcohesion.Question:Whatisapotentialdrawbackofremotework,asimpliedinthepassage?Answer:Difficultyinmaintainingteamcohesion.4.Passage:TheEuropeanUnionhasbannedcertainpesticidestoprotectbeepopulations,whicharecrucialforpollination.Farmershavestruggledtoadapt,asalternativecropsarelessprofitable.Environmentalgroupsarguethatthebanisnecessaryforlong-termagriculturalsustainability.Question:WhatisthelikelyimpactoftheEU’spesticidebanonfarmers?Answer:Reducedprofitabilityduetoalackofeffectivealternatives.題型三：詞匯題（共5題，每題2分）說明：以下題目考查對文章中重點詞匯的理解和應(yīng)用能力。1.Passage:Thecompany’sinnovativeapproachtosustainablepackaginghasrevolutionizedtheindustry,reducingwasteby40%.Question:Whatdoes"revolutionized"meaninthecontextofthepassage?Answer:Completelytransformedorimproved.2.Passage:Despitetheprevalenceofonlinelearning,traditionalclassroomsstillplayavitalroleinsocialdevelopment.Question:Whatdoes"prevalence"meaninthepassage?Answer:Thewidespreadoccurrenceoracceptanceofsomething.3.Passage:Thenewpolicyaimstoalleviatepovertyinruralareasbyprovidingjobtrainingandfinancialassistance.Question:Whatdoes"alleviate"meaninthepassage?Answer:Toreduceorrelieve.4.Passage:Thearcheologicaldiscoveryofancientpotteryshedlightontheregion’searlytradenetworks.Question:Whatdoes"shedlight"meaninthepassage?Answer:Toprovideinformationorclarification.5.Passage:Thescientist’sresearchelucidatedthecomplexmechanismsbehindclimatechange.Question:Whatdoes"elucidated"meaninthepassage?Answer:Toexplainormakeclear.題型四：句子插入題（共3題，每題4分）說明：以下題目考查將給定句子合理插入文章段落中的能力。1.Passage:Thegovernmentannouncedanewplantoexpandpublictransportation.Thisinitiativewouldincludebuildingmoresubwaylinesandimprovingbusservices.However,fundingremainsasignificantchallenge.Theproject’ssuccessdependsoninternationalsupport.Sentencetoinsert:"Withoutadditionalresources,thegoalsmaynotbeachievable."Question:Whereshouldthesentencebeplacedinthepassage?Answer:After"However,fundingremainsasignificantchallenge."2.Passage:TheGreatBarrierReefisfacingunprecedentedthreatsduetorisingoceantemperatures.Coralbleachinghasbecomemorefrequentinrecentyears.Scientistsarecallingforurgentactiontoprotecttheecosystem.Sentencetoinsert:"Thissituationunderscorestheurgentneedforglobalclimatepolicies."Question:Whereshouldthesentencebeplacedinthepassage?Answer:After"Scientistsarecallingforurgentactiontoprotecttheecosystem."3.Passage:Artificialintelligencehasrevolutionizedmedicaldiagnostics.Machinelearningalgorithmscandetectdiseaseswithhighaccuracy.However,ethicalconcernsremainregardingdataprivacy.Stricterregulationsareneededtoensureresponsibleuse.Sentencetoinsert:"Thisprogresshasthepotentialtosavecountlesslives."Question:Whereshouldthesentencebeplacedinthepassage?Answer:After"Machinelearningalgorithmscandetectdiseaseswithhighaccuracy."題型五：文章總結(jié)題（共2題，每題5分）說明：以下題目考查對文章主旨和重要信息的概括能力。1.Passage:TheshifttowardrenewableenergyinGermanyhasbeengradualbutsteady.Governmentincentivesandtechnologicaladvancementshaveencouragedadoption.However,challengessuchasenergystorageandgridmodernizationpersist.Industryexpertssuggestaphasedapproachtoensurestability.Question:Summarizethemainpointsofthepassage.Answer:Germany’srenewableenergytransitionisprogressing,supportedbyincentivesandtechnology,butfacesstorageandgridissues,requiringacautiousimplementationplan.2.Passage:TheCOVID-19pandemicexposedweaknessesinglobalhealthcaresystems.Countrieswithstrongerpublichealthinfrastructurerecoveredfaster.Theexperiencehasledtocallsforincreasedinvestmentinhealthcareandpandemicpreparedness.Question:Summarizethekeymessageofthepassage.Answer:Thepandemichighlighteddisparitiesinhealthcaresystems,promptingcallsforimprovedglobalhealthinfrastructure.答案與解析細節(jié)題1.答案：Gridinfrastructureupgradesandstoragesolutionsforintermittentenergysources.解析：ThepassageexplicitlymentionsthesechallengesasobstaclestorenewableenergydevelopmentinEurope.2.答案：ThehighcostofEVs.解析：Thetextstatesthathighpricesdeterconsumers,despitegovernmentsupport.3.答案：Reducedfishingrestrictionsandartificialreefcreation.解析：ThesearethesolutionsproposedinthepassagetoprotecttheGreatBarrierReef.4.答案：Agriculturalexpansionandlogging.解析：Thepassageattributesdeforestationtotheseactivities.5.答案：Reducepackagingwasteandpromotereusablealternatives.解析：TheSingaporegovernmentmandatesthesemeasuresforbusinesses.推理題1.答案：Thehighcostandpotentialdisplacementoflow-incomefamilies.解析：Opponentsraisefinancialburdensandsocialequityconcerns,asimpliedbythepassage.2.答案：Wealthierdistrictsreceivemorefunding,exacerbatingdisparitiesinminoritycommunities.解析：Thepassagelinksunequalfundingtoracialinequality,suggestingsystemicbias.3.答案：Difficultyinmaintainingteamcohesion.解析：Whileremoteworkboostsproductivity,thetexthintsatchallengesinfosteringteamwork.4.答案：Reducedprofitabilityduetoalackofeffectivealternatives.解析：Farmersstrugglewithlowerprofits,asthepassageimplies.詞匯題1.答案：Completelytransformedorimproved.解析："Revolutionized"indicatesamajorpositivechangeinpackaging.2.答案：Thewidespreadoccurrenceoracceptanceofsomething.解析："Prevalence"referstothecommonalityofonlinelearning.3.答案：Toreduceorrelieve.解析："Alleviate"meanstolessenpoverty.4.答案：Toprovideinformationorclarification.解析："Shedlight"meanstoexplainanarcheol