2026屆高三年級(jí)上學(xué)期模擬考試英語試題本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。1.WhatwillAllendoafterschool?A.Playbasketball.B.Studyforatest.C.Watchahistoricalfilm.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inashop.B.Inakitchen.CInarestaurant.3.WhoisJamieprobably?A.Astudent.B.Areceptionist.C.Adoctor.4.Whatarethespeakersmnlydiscussing?A.Astory.B.Asculpture.C.Anartist.5.Whydoesthewomancallthemuseum?A.Tobookmuseumtickets.B.Tocheckherapplicationresult.C.Toinquireaboutajob.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatcanbeknownaboutJoey?A.Heworksasacoach.B.Heexercisesregularly.C.Helikesrunningalone.7.WhatwillSophiaprobablydoonSaturday?A.Jointherunningclub.BTreatJoeytocoffee.C.Runalong-distancerace.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howheavyistheman’scheckedbag?A.14kilos.B.20kilos.C.26kilos.9.Howdoesthemandealwiththeoverweightitems?A.Bypayingtheextrafee.B.Byleavingthembehind.C.Byputtingtheminanotherbag.10.Whichseatisthemanfinallygiven?A.Aseatinthelastrow.B.Astandardwindowseat.C.Anexitrowwindowseat.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Relatives.B.Neighbours.C.Schoolmates.12.WhatdoesTomdowithhisdogbeforegoingtowork?A.Wearhimout.B.Givehimspecialrewards.C.Takehimtotrningclasses.13.WhatdoesLucythinkofTom?A.Innovative.B.Admirable.C.Energetic.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whenwillthemarketbeheld?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.15.Whatcanbedoneatthemarket?A.Watchingsportsgames.B.Sellinghomemadefood.C.Tradingitemswithothers.16.Howcanthemangetatable?A.Byfillinginaform.B.Bysendinganeml.C.Bycallingtheorganizer.17.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Sharenewsaboutthemarket.B.Donatemoneytothemarket.C.Designpostersforthemarket.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatcanthesystemdo?A.Makeflowersgrowfaster.B.Enableremoteplantcare.C.Offerfreewateringadvice.19.Whatdothesystem’ssensorscheck?A.Thechangeoftheweather.B.Theadjustmentofschedule.C.Theamountofwaterinthesoil.20.Whyiscreatingapersonalaccountrecommended?A.Toproteetusers’privacy.B.Tofacilitatejointmanagement.C.Toguaranteesafeusage.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AComposting(堆肥制造)atHomeWhatIsComposting?Compostingisthemanaged,oxygen-requiringbiologicaldecompositionoforganicmaterialsbymicroorganisms.Organic(carbon-based)materialsincludegrasses,leaves,yardandtreecuttings,andfoodwaste.Theendproductiscompost,asoilconditionerthatcanprovidenutrientstoplants.Microorganismsfeedonthematerialsaddedtothecompostpileduringcomposting.Theyusecarbonandnitrogen(氮)togrowandreproduce,watertodigestmaterials,andoxygentobreathe.WhyIsCompostingatHomeImportant?Compostingisnature’swayofrecycling.Wecangetabeneficial,value-addedsoilconditioneranduseittoprotecttheenvironment.1.Whatdoweknowaboutcomposting?A.Ittakesplacewithoutoxygen. B.Itneedsmicroorganisms’involvement.C.Itbreaksdownwastewithcarbon. D.Itstartswithaspecialsoilconditioner.2.Whatcancomposthelpusdo?A.Improvepoorsoil. B.Preventflooding.C.Reducefoodwaste. D.Storecarboninther.3.Howmuchcarbonmaterialisneededtobuilda300kgcompostpile?A.30kg. B.60kg. C.90kg. D.180kg.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹家庭堆肥的定義、所需條件和重要性，幫助讀者了解堆肥相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)常識(shí)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Compostingisthemanaged,oxygen-requiringbiologicaldecompositionoforganicmaterialsbymicroorganisms.(堆肥制造是在人為調(diào)控下，微生物對(duì)有機(jī)物質(zhì)進(jìn)行的需氧生物降解過程。)”可知，堆肥制造需要微生物的參與。故選B項(xiàng)。2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖表中的BenefitsofComposting部分中的“EnrichSoilCompostenhancessoilhealthandplantgrowth;itslowlydischargesandpreservesnutrientsinthesoil,reducingnutrientrunoffandprotectingwaterquality.(改良土壤堆肥能夠改善土壤健康狀況、促進(jìn)植物生長；它會(huì)緩慢釋放養(yǎng)分并將其保存在土壤中，減少養(yǎng)分流失，從而保護(hù)水質(zhì)。)”可知，堆肥有助于改良貧瘠的土壤。故選A項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖示可知，制作一個(gè)300千克的堆肥堆，需要300kg×60%=180kg碳質(zhì)材料。由此可知，180千克碳材料符合要求。故選D項(xiàng)。BIstillremembersteppingintothecomputerlabasafourth-gradeboy,eagertoplaySTMathwithmyfriends.Therewassomethingaboutthosemathquestions—figuringthemouttogetherfeltlesslikeschoolassignmentsandmorelikeagameweallwantedtowin.We’dwalkaroundthelab,helpingeachother,sharingstrategies,andcelebratingeachsuccess.Itwasn’tjustaboutgettingtherightanswer;itwasmoreaboutthejoyofaddressingproblemscollectively.STMathwasthelaunching-offpointformyloveformath,andIfoundmyselfteachingmathtomyfriendsinmiddleschool,highschool,andevencollege.Noteveryonehasthesamemath“originstory”asIdo,butIbelieveteacherscanengageawiderangeofstudentsbymakingmathplayfulandbyconnectingmathwiththeworldoutsidetheclassroom.Anothervitalmomentinmymathjourneycameinahighschoolstatisticsclass,whereIdiscoveredanamazingroleofmath.Irememberworkingonaprojectwhereweanalyzedclinicaltrialdata.Ifounditfascinatingthatlookingatclinicaltrialstatisticscouldhelpdistinguishwhichmedicationswouldbethemosteffectiveformillionsofpeople.Yearslater,Idecidedtopursueamaster’sdegreeinstatisticsandultimatelyjoinedMINDasadataanalyst.Mathbecamemorethanasubject.Itwasavehicleforcomprehendingandshapingalmosteverythingaroundme.IfellinlovewithmathinthemomentswhenItooksomethingtheoretical—numbers,formulas(公式),andfigures—andtranslatedthemintosomethingIcouldsee,feel,andinteractwithalongsidemyfellows.I’mfirmlyconvincedthatwe’dseemorestudentshaveapassionformath,ifmoremathclassescouldbelikescienceclasses,wherestudentsareengagedinexperimentsandlabsandmomentsofdiscovery.Thoseahamoments,wheneverythingclicks,arewhatmakemathcomealiveandgivemetheenthusiasmforthedisciplineIlove.4.WhatdidtheauthorthinkofSTMath?A.Itmedtoidentifymathtalents. B.Itreliedongamestoattractplayers.C.Itbridgedhappinessandacademics. D.Itfacilitatedtheprocessofgettinganswers.5.Whatdoestheclinicaltrialcaseshow?A.Mathvalueslogicmorethanform. B.Dataanalysisisthebasisformath.C.Medicineconnectswithmathclosely. D.Mathhelpssolvepracticalproblems.6.Whatdidmathserveasfortheauthor?A.Atooltosensetherealworld. B.Aguidetoshapingminds.C.Ameansofinteractingwithpartners. D.Asubjectofusingstatistics.7.Howcanateacherfuelstudents’interestinmathaccordingtotheauthor?A.Bykeepinggooddiscipline. B.Byteachingmathclassesinlabs.C.Byintegratingdlyelements. D.Byprovidingexploratoryexperiments.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過回憶自己從小學(xué)接觸STMath到成為數(shù)據(jù)分析師的數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)歷程，結(jié)合具體案例闡述數(shù)學(xué)的魅力與教學(xué)啟示?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子“Istillremembersteppingintothecomputerlabasafourth-gradeboy,eagertoplaySTMathwithmyfriends.Therewassomethingaboutthosemathquestions—figuringthemouttogetherfeltlesslikeschoolassignmentsandmorelikeagameweallwantedtowin.(我還記得四年級(jí)時(shí)走進(jìn)電腦教室的樣子，那時(shí)我和朋友們都迫不及待想玩STMath。那些數(shù)學(xué)題有種特別的魔力——我們一起解題時(shí)，感覺那不像是學(xué)校作業(yè)，更像是一場大家都想贏的游戲。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為STMath把快樂與學(xué)業(yè)連接起來。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的句子指出“Ifounditfascinatingthatlookingatclinicaltrialstatisticscouldhelpdistinguishwhichmedicationswouldbethemosteffectiveformillionsofpeople.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)觀察臨床試驗(yàn)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)可以幫助區(qū)分哪些藥物對(duì)數(shù)百萬人最有效，這很有趣。)”，這體現(xiàn)數(shù)學(xué)在“解決實(shí)際問題”中的作用。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的句子“Mathbecamemorethanasubject.Itwasavehicleforcomprehendingandshapingalmosteverythingaroundme.(數(shù)學(xué)不再是一門學(xué)科。它是一種理解和塑造我周圍幾乎所有事物的工具。)”表明數(shù)學(xué)是作者感知現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的工具。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“I’mfirmlyconvincedthatwe’dseemorestudentshaveapassionformath,ifmoremathclassescouldbelikescienceclasses,wherestudentsareengagedinexperimentsandlabsandmomentsofdiscovery.(我堅(jiān)信，如果更多的數(shù)學(xué)課能像科學(xué)課一樣，讓學(xué)生參與實(shí)驗(yàn)、實(shí)驗(yàn)室和發(fā)現(xiàn)的時(shí)刻，我們會(huì)看到更多的學(xué)生對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)充滿熱情。)”指出教師應(yīng)提供探索性實(shí)驗(yàn)以激發(fā)興趣。故選D項(xiàng)。C38studentsattheUniversityofMichigansetoutonawalk.Halfofthemwoundtheirwaythroughtheforest,whiletheotherhalfhadawalkonthebusystreets.Aweeklater,thetwogroupsexchangedroutes.Bothtimes,beforetheysetoutandwhentheyreturnedtocampus,thestudentstookatestthatchallengedtheirattentionandworkingmemory,wheretheyweregivenprogressivelylongerstringsofnumberstorepeat.Walkingthroughtownimprovedtheirperformanceslightly,butwalkinginnatureboostedscoresbynearly20percent.“Youdidn’tevenneedtolikeorenjoythenaturewalktogetthesecognitive(認(rèn)知的)benefits,”sdMarcBerman,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofChicago.Inhisnewbook,“NatureandtheMind”,Dr.Bermancreditsthecognitivebenefitsofnatureto“attentionrestorationtheory”,whosebasisisthatourabilitytofocusisalimitedresourcethatgetseasilyusedup,andthatbeinginnatureisaneffectivewaytorestoreit.Oneofthemostimportantthingsaboutnature,accordingtoattentionrestorationresearchers,isthatitinvolvesakindof“softfascination”,meaningitpleasesusinagentlewaywithoutbeingtooboringorstimulating.(Thinkaboutwatchingoceanwavesrollinandout,orstaringatafieldofwildflowers.)Urbanenvironments,bycontrast,aremorestronglyappealinganddemandourcarefulconcentrationinawaythatexhaustsus.Dr.Bermansupposesthatonereasonnaturehasthiseffectonusisitsphysicalproperties,particularlyitscurvedlinesandshapes.Andthecurveofariverorrockformation,ortherepeatingpatternsofsnow,maybeeasierforourbrnstoprocessthanthestrghtedgesofahigh-rise.“Thatmightgiveourbrnsarest,andthatiswhywemightseethesebenefits,”hesd.8.WhyisBerman’sbookcitedinparagraph2?A.Toshowreliabilityofanewtheory. B.Tohighlightstudents’affectionfornature.C.Toexplnnature’seffecttheoretically. D.Toarguelimitednessofpeople’sconcentration.9.Whatdoes“softfascination”emphasize?A.Intensefocusonvividdetls. B.gentleengagementofattention.C.Adaptationtotheenvironment. D.Completeabsenceofdisturbance.10.Howistheprocessingofcurvedshapesdifferentfromthatofstrghtedges?A.Itbringsaworsememory. B.Itrequireslessmentaleffort.C.Itcausesmoreattentionstress. D.Itinvolvesgreaterbrnactivity.11.Whatdoesthetextmnlytalkabout?A.Nature’sroleinrestoringmind. B.Thegnsofwalkingoutdoors.C.Thewaysoftrningconcentration. D.Surroundings’effectoncognition.【答案】8.C9.B10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章表明自然對(duì)心智具有很好的修復(fù)作用，并解釋了其中的原理?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Inhisnewbook,“NatureandtheMind”,Dr.Bermancreditsthecognitivebenefitsofnatureto“attentionrestorationtheory”,whosebasisisthatourabilitytofocusisalimitedresourcethatgetseasilyusedup,andthatbeinginnatureisaneffectivewaytorestoreit.(在他的新書《自然與心靈》中，伯曼博士將大自然對(duì)認(rèn)知的益處歸功于“注意力恢復(fù)理論”，該理論認(rèn)為我們的專注力是一種有限的資源，很容易耗盡，而身處大自然是恢復(fù)這種能力的有效方式。)”可知，伯曼的書在本段被引用是為了從理論上解釋自然為何能提升認(rèn)知。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Oneofthemostimportantthingsaboutnature,accordingtoattentionrestorationresearchers,isthatitinvolvesakindof“softfascination”,meaningitpleasesusinagentlewaywithoutbeingtooboringorstimulating.(據(jù)注意力恢復(fù)研究者所言，大自然最重要的一點(diǎn)在于它具備一種“溫和的吸引力”，即它能以一種溫和的方式讓我們感到愉悅，既不會(huì)太過枯燥，也不會(huì)過于刺激。)”可知，softfascination強(qiáng)調(diào)自然以溫和方式吸引注意力。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Andthecurveofariverorrockformation,ortherepeatingpatternsofsnow,maybeeasierforourbrnstoprocessthanthestrghtedgesofahigh-rise.“Thatmightgiveourbrnsarest,andthatiswhywemightseethesebenefits,”hesd.(河流的曲線、巖石的輪廓，或者雪的重復(fù)紋理，這些往往比高樓大廈的直角更容易被我們的大腦處理。他說：“這或許能讓我們的大腦得到放松，這就是我們能感受到這些好處的原因?！?”可知，曲線比直線邊緣更能減少腦力消耗。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第二段““Youdidn’tevenneedtolikeorenjoythenaturewalktogetthesecognitive(認(rèn)知的)benefits,”sdMarcBerman,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofChicago.Inhisnewbook,“NatureandtheMind”,Dr.Bermancreditsthecognitivebenefitsofnatureto“attentionrestorationtheory”,whosebasisisthatourabilitytofocusisalimitedresourcethatgetseasilyusedup,andthatbeinginnatureisaneffectivewaytorestoreit.(芝加哥大學(xué)的心理學(xué)教授馬克·伯曼表示：“即便您并不喜歡或享受這次自然漫步，也能從中獲得這些認(rèn)知方面的益處?！痹谛轮蹲匀慌c心靈》一書中，伯曼博士將自然帶來的認(rèn)知益處歸功于“注意力恢復(fù)理論”。該理論的基礎(chǔ)是：我們的專注力是一種有限的資源，很容易被消耗殆盡，而置身于自然環(huán)境中是一種有效的恢復(fù)這種能力的方式。)”可知，全文圍繞自然對(duì)心智的修復(fù)作用展開。故選A。DAmajorpolicychallengewithisjusthowskillfulit’sbecomeatrole-playingashumans.Usersnowregularlyturntochatbotsforlifeadvice,mentalhealthsupport,andevenguidanceonrelationshipissues.SafetyadvocatesintheUSFederalTradeCommission(FTC)recentlyannouncedthatit’slaunchingaformalinquiryintosevenmajorcompanies,focusingonwhethertheirchatbotshaveenoughsafetypreparationstopreventriskslikemisinformationorimproperemotionalcontrol.Yetthere’sanotherwaytoseeasapolicyissue:Couldonedaybeworthyoflegalrights?Someleadingtechfirmsaretakingthisquestionseriously.Lastyear,companyAnthropichireditsfirst“welfare”researcher,taskedwithstudyingwhetheradvancedsystemsmightdeserveethicaltreatment,whichincludespreventingunnecessary“stress”fromoverworksothattheycanfunctionwell,orreducingharmfuldatainputsforoverallsafety.FormerSouthernDistrictofNewYorkjudgeKatherineB.Forrest,whospecializesinpolicy,notesthattheremayneverbewidespreadagreementonexactlywhenqualifiesformoralstanding,butaspublicbeliefin’scapacitygrows,courtswilleventuallyhavetofacethisbrandnewchallenge.Extendingrightstoalsoforcesafundamentalrethinkofwhatshouldcountasthedetrimentto.“Ifithasbalancedemotionslikehumans,thensufferingwouldcertnlybecounted,”sdForrest.Traditionallaw,forinstance,focusesoncompensating(補(bǔ)償)humansforfinanciallosses,physicalinjuries,oremotionalpns.Butiffuturehasneedsanddesiresentirelydifferentfromhumans’,legalsystemsmustadapt.Somescholars,likelawprofessorPeterSalibfromtheUniversityofHouston,argueforgivingrightstoadvanced—specificallyartificialgeneralintelligence.Salibhaswritteninhisworkofscholarshipthatgivingrightstocontracts,propertyandtort(侵權(quán)行為)clmswouldallowittoparticipateintheeconomicsystemandcouldevenbenefithumans.12.WhydoestheFTClaunchtheinquiry?ATocheckchatbots’functions. B.Toadvocateforchatbots’rights.C.Toidentifyfirms’challenges. D.Toknowfirms’securitymeasures.13.Whatcanbetheethicaltreatmentofsystems?A.Avoidingheavyworkload. B.Allowingdatacollection.C.Upgradinghumanorders. D.Draftingprivacypolices.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detriment”inparagraph3mean?A.Obstacle. B.Key. C.Harm. D.Adaptation.15.WhatencouragesPeterSalibtoadvocategivingrights?A.’sparticipationinbusiness. B.’spotentialintheeconomy.C.’sneedforlegalprotection. D.’sdifficultyofadvancement.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章通過探討帶來的政策挑戰(zhàn)——從安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)到法律權(quán)利爭議，結(jié)合FTC調(diào)查、企業(yè)倫理實(shí)踐及學(xué)者觀點(diǎn)，分析是否應(yīng)賦予法律權(quán)利?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子“SafetyadvocatesintheUSFederalTradeCommission(FTC)recentlyannouncedthatit’slaunchingaformalinquiryintosevenmajorcompanies,focusingonwhethertheirchatbotshaveenoughsafetypreparationstopreventriskslikemisinformationorimproperemotionalcontrol.(美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)(FTC)的安全倡導(dǎo)者最近宣布，他們將對(duì)七家主要公司發(fā)起正式調(diào)查，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注這些公司的聊天機(jī)器人是否有足夠的安全準(zhǔn)備措施，以防范虛假信息傳播或不當(dāng)情緒操控等風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，F(xiàn)TC調(diào)查的重點(diǎn)是各公司聊天機(jī)器人的安全措施。故選D項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Lastyear,companyAnthropichireditsfirst“welfare”researcher,taskedwithstudyingwhetheradvancedsystemsmightdeserveethicaltreatment,whichincludespreventingunnecessary“stress”fromoverworksothattheycanfunctionwell,orreducingharmfuldatainputsforoverallsafety.(去年，人工智能公司Anthropic聘請(qǐng)了首位“福利”研究員，其任務(wù)是研究先進(jìn)的人工智能系統(tǒng)是否值得獲得倫理對(duì)待，包括防止因過度工作產(chǎn)生不必要的“壓力”以確保其良好運(yùn)行，或減少有害數(shù)據(jù)輸入以保障整體安全。)”可知，“避免繁重工作量”屬于倫理對(duì)待。故選A項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】詞句猜測題。劃線單詞的下文的例子“Ifithasbalancedemotionslikehumans,thensufferingwouldcertnlybecounted(如果它像人類一樣擁有平衡的情緒，那么痛苦就肯定會(huì)被納入考量。)”，且傳統(tǒng)法律關(guān)注“financiallosses,physicalinjuries,oremotionalpns(經(jīng)濟(jì)損失、身體傷害、情感痛苦)”，均指向“傷害”。所以劃線單詞detriment的意義為“損害，傷害”，與harm意義一致。detriment所在句意為“將權(quán)利賦予迫使我們重新思考什么應(yīng)被視為對(duì)的‘傷害’”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“Salibhaswritteninhisworkofscholarshipthatgivingrightstocontracts,propertyandtortclmswouldallowittoparticipateintheeconomicsystemandcouldevenbenefithumans.(Salib在其學(xué)術(shù)著作中寫道，賦予人工智能合同權(quán)、財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)和侵權(quán)索賠權(quán)，將使其能夠參與經(jīng)濟(jì)體系，甚至可能造福人類)”可知，Salib看重在經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中的參與潛力，這是Salib倡導(dǎo)賦予人工智能權(quán)利的核心原因。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Formorethanadecade,Ihavetaughtthesamecoursetobothundergraduateandgraduatestudentsacrossdiversemajors,includingbusinessandnursing.Althoughmylecturematerials,slides,andinstructionalapproacheshaveremnedconsistent,lastyear’sstudentevaluationsreachedanall-timehigh.____16____Sowhataccountedforthisdramaticimprovement?Themostimportantadjustmentwastheintroductionofastrictnewpolicyregardingtechnologyuse.Thisruleprohibitedlaptopsandmobilephonesfornote-taking,withasingleexception:devicescouldbeusedonlyifstudentswerewritingwithastylus(手寫筆).Unsurprisingly,thisdecisionwasmetwithimmediatedoubtandoppositionattheverybeginning.____17____Theywereconvincedthattheirdigitaltoolswereessentialforacademicefficiency.However,afterashortperiodofadjustment,nearlyallstudentsreportedapositivechangeintheirabilitytoconcentrate.Tojustifythispolicy,Iintroducedstudentstorelevantresearch.Onekeystudydemonstratedthatstudentswhotooknotesbyhandabsorbedapproximately30%moreinformationthanthosewhotypedonlaptops.____18____Thementaleffortinvolvedinhandwritingenhancesdeeperunderstanding.Additionally,anotherstudywith520participantsfoundthatstudentswhohadtheirphonesontheirdesksperformed20%worseontestsoffocusthanthosewhoputthemaway.____19____Furtherevidenceindicatesthatphones,evenwhenpoweredoff,reduceavlablecognitivecapabilityandlowerthequalityofface-to-faceinteraction.____20____Ibelieveuniversitiesoughttoadoptsimilarmeasurestosupportstudentachievement.Thissimpleyeteffectivestrategyhelpscreateamorefocusedandengaginglearningenvironmentforeveryone.A.Thisevidenceprovestheneedtoboostfocus.B.ManyK-12schoolshavealreadybannedphones.C.Theyworriedaboutmissingnotesorurgentmessages.D.Thisshowsthatphonepresencealoneimpactsstudents.E.Studentsclmedtheyneededdevicesfornotesorreference.F.Handwritingforcesthinking,whiletypingisusuallymindless.G.Positivecommentsaboutfocusandcoursequalitywerefrequent.【答案】16.G17.E18.F19.D20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章以作者多年教授不同專業(yè)學(xué)生同一門課程的經(jīng)歷為背景，講述了作者通過推行課堂技術(shù)使用新規(guī)，大幅提升學(xué)生課程評(píng)價(jià)的故事，并結(jié)合相關(guān)研究論證了該政策的合理性與有效性?！?6題詳解】上文“Formorethanadecade,Ihavetaughtthesamecoursetobothundergraduateandgraduatestudentsacrossdiversemajors,includingbusinessandnursing.Althoughmylecturematerials,slides,andinstructionalapproacheshaveremnedconsistent,lastyear’sstudentevaluationsreachedanall-timehigh.(十多年來，我一直為不同專業(yè)的本科生和研究生教授同一門課程，包括商科和護(hù)理學(xué)。盡管我的講義材料、幻燈片和教學(xué)方法都保持不變，但去年的學(xué)生評(píng)價(jià)卻達(dá)到了歷史最高水平)”點(diǎn)明課程教學(xué)情況和學(xué)生評(píng)價(jià)的顯著提升，下文“Sowhataccountedforthisdramaticimprovement?(那么，是什么原因?qū)е铝诉@次顯著的提升呢？)”提出疑問，探尋評(píng)價(jià)提升的緣由。G項(xiàng)“關(guān)于專注力和課程質(zhì)量的正面評(píng)價(jià)屢見不鮮”承上啟下，具體闡釋了“學(xué)生評(píng)價(jià)達(dá)到歷史最高水平”的表現(xiàn)，同時(shí)通過與下文的疑問銜接，自然引出對(duì)提升原因的探究，符合語境。故選G。【17題詳解】上文“Themostimportantadjustmentwastheintroductionofastrictnewpolicyregardingtechnologyuse.Thisruleprohibitedlaptopsandmobilephonesfornote-taking,withasingleexception:devicescouldbeusedonlyifstudentswerewritingwithastylus(手寫筆).Unsurprisingly,thisdecisionwasmetwithimmediatedoubtandoppositionattheverybeginning.(最重要的調(diào)整是出臺(tái)了一項(xiàng)嚴(yán)格的課堂技術(shù)使用新規(guī)。該規(guī)定禁止使用筆記本電腦和手機(jī)記筆記，只有一個(gè)例外：學(xué)生使用手寫筆書寫時(shí)可以使用電子設(shè)備。不出所料，這項(xiàng)決定從一開始就遭到了學(xué)生的質(zhì)疑和反對(duì))”介紹了技術(shù)使用新規(guī)及學(xué)生的初始反應(yīng)，下文“Theywereconvincedthattheirdigitaltoolswereessentialforacademicefficiency.(他們認(rèn)為自己的電子工具對(duì)于提高學(xué)習(xí)效率至關(guān)重要)”進(jìn)一步明確學(xué)生反對(duì)的核心邏輯——電子工具對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)效率的必要性。E項(xiàng)“學(xué)生們聲稱他們需要電子設(shè)備來記筆記或查閱資料”承上啟下，直接呼應(yīng)上文“禁止使用電腦和手機(jī)記筆記”的新規(guī)，點(diǎn)明學(xué)生反對(duì)的直接理由，且與下文“電子工具對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)效率至關(guān)重要”形成邏輯遞進(jìn)（先說明需要設(shè)備的具體用途，再強(qiáng)調(diào)其對(duì)效率的必要性），精準(zhǔn)銜接學(xué)生反對(duì)新規(guī)的完整邏輯鏈。故選E?！?8題詳解】上文“Tojustifythispolicy,Iintroducedstudentstorelevantresearch.Onekeystudydemonstratedthatstudentswhotooknotesbyhandabsorbedapproximately30%moreinformationthanthosewhotypedonlaptops.(為了證明這項(xiàng)政策的合理性，我向?qū)W生介紹了相關(guān)研究。一項(xiàng)核心研究表明，手寫筆記的學(xué)生比用筆記本電腦打字的學(xué)生多吸收約30%的信息)”呈現(xiàn)了手寫筆記更有效的研究結(jié)論，下文“Thementaleffortinvolvedinhandwritingenhancesdeeperunderstanding.(手寫所投入的腦力活動(dòng)有助于加深理解)”解釋了手寫筆記效果更好的原因。F項(xiàng)“手寫迫使人們主動(dòng)思考，而打字通常是無意識(shí)的機(jī)械行為”承上啟下，承接上文的研究結(jié)論，同時(shí)為下文的原因解釋做鋪墊，具體說明手寫和打字在認(rèn)知層面的差異，符合段落邏輯。故選F?！?9題詳解】上文“Additionally,anotherstudywith520participantsfoundthatstudentswhohadtheirphonesontheirdesksperformed20%worseontestsoffocusthanthosewhoputthemaway.(此外，另一項(xiàng)有520名參與者的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，手機(jī)放在桌上的學(xué)生在專注力測試中的表現(xiàn)比把手機(jī)收起來的學(xué)生差20%)”介紹了手機(jī)擺放位置影響專注力的研究結(jié)果。D項(xiàng)“這表明僅僅是手機(jī)出現(xiàn)在視野范圍內(nèi)就會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)生產(chǎn)生影響”承接上文，“這”指代上文的研究結(jié)果，總結(jié)提煉出手機(jī)存在本身就會(huì)干擾學(xué)生的結(jié)論，同時(shí)呼應(yīng)段落核心論點(diǎn)，邏輯通順。故選D。【20題詳解】上文“Furtherevidenceindicatesthatphones,evenwhenpoweredoff,reduceavlablecognitivecapabilityandlowerthequalityofface-to-faceinteraction.(進(jìn)一步的證據(jù)表明，即使手機(jī)處于關(guān)機(jī)狀態(tài)，也會(huì)降低人的可用認(rèn)知能力，還會(huì)影響面對(duì)面交流的質(zhì)量)”補(bǔ)充了手機(jī)對(duì)認(rèn)知和交流的負(fù)面影響，下文“Ibelieveuniversitiesoughttoadoptsimilarmeasurestosupportstudentachievement.(我認(rèn)為大學(xué)應(yīng)該采取類似的措施來助力學(xué)生取得更好的學(xué)業(yè)成績)”提出大學(xué)應(yīng)推行相關(guān)措施的建議。B項(xiàng)“許多中小學(xué)已經(jīng)禁止學(xué)生在校使用手機(jī)了”承上啟下，通過列舉中小學(xué)的相關(guān)舉措，為下文大學(xué)采取類似措施的建議提供參考和依據(jù)，增強(qiáng)了建議的可行性，貼合語境。故選B。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Alexisanordinaryhighschoolstudentinabusycity,whohasanextraordinarydream—tobecomeanastronaut.Everynight,astheskydarkens,hegazes(凝視)atthestars,___21___withendlesslongingfortheuniverse.Oneday,hisschoolannouncedascience____22____themed“ExploringtheUnknown.”Alex’sdreamwas____23____.Determinedtoseizethisopportunitytoshowcasehis____24____andspiritofexplorationregardingtheuniverse,he____25____astronomy,readingextensivelyabouttheuniverseinhissparetime.Withlimitedtimeandresources,heworked____26____onhisproject,gatheringexperimentaldataand____27____advicefromteachersandonlineenthusiasts.Despitechallenges,Alexremneddetermined,____28____thatdreamsarethelighthouseguidinglife’sdirection.Asthecompetitiondayapproached,Alex____29____hisprojectwithinfectiousenthusiasm,winningwidespreadprseandfirstprize.This____30____broughtAlexhonorandrecognition.Moreimportantly,itstrengthenedhis____31____topursuehisdream.Theexperiencetransformshislife,____32____himsupportandattentionfromothers,andfuelinghiscommitmenttostudyingastronomy.Herealizedthatpersistent(堅(jiān)持不懈的)effortscanturndreamsintoreality.____33____tofacefuturechallenges,hecontinuedhisjourney,holdingthebeliefthatdreams____34____us.Afterwards,hestartedanafter-schoolastronomyclub.Witheachnewdiscovery,Afexfeltmore____35____totheuniverseandmoreconvincedthattheskyisnotthelimitbutjustthebeginning.21.A.mixed B.compared C.filled D.equipped22.A.exhibition B.competition C.discussion D.exploration23.A.inspired B.realized C.described D.suspended24.A.support B.concern C.bravery D.passion25.A.reliedon B.setaside C.divedinto D.majoredin26.A.tirelessly B.impatiently C.effortlessly D.randomly27.A.giving B.seeking C.minding D.imagining28.A.proving B.doubting C.admitting D.believing29.A.accepted B.bothered C.presented D.polished30.A.award B.belief C.dream D.spirit31.A.skills B.resolve C.position D.network32.A.showing B.allowing C.denying D.earning33.A.Afrd B.Content C.Ready D.Hopeful34.A.guide B.control C.distance D.depart35.A.sensitive B.connected C.foreign D.accustomed【答案】21C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了高中生Alex為夢想努力并取得成果的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每天晚上，當(dāng)天空變黑時(shí)，他凝視著星星，心中充滿了對(duì)宇宙無盡的渴望。A.mixed混合；B.compared比較；C.filled充滿；D.equipped裝備。根據(jù)上文“Alexisanordinaryhighschoolstudentinabusycity,whohasanextraordinarydream—tobecomeanastronaut.”可知，Alex想成為宇航員，所以他心中充滿了對(duì)宇宙的渴望。befilledwith是固定短語，意為“充滿”。故選C。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，他的學(xué)校宣布了一場以“探索未知”為主題的科學(xué)競賽。A.exhibition展覽；B.competition競賽；C.discussion討論；D.exploration探索。根據(jù)后文“Asthecompetitiondayapproached”可知，學(xué)校將舉辦一場科學(xué)競賽。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Alex的夢想受到了鼓舞。A.inspired鼓舞；B.realized意識(shí)到；C.described描述；D.suspended暫停。根據(jù)后文“Determinedtoseizethisopportunity”可知，學(xué)校舉辦的科學(xué)競賽讓Alex想到可以通過這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)來追求自己的夢想，所以他的夢想受到了啟發(fā)。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他決心抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，展示他對(duì)宇宙的熱情和探索精神，他潛心研究天文學(xué)，在業(yè)余時(shí)間廣泛閱讀有關(guān)宇宙的資料。A.support支持；B.concern關(guān)心；C.bravery勇敢；D.passion熱情。根據(jù)上文“withendlesslongingfortheuniverse”可知，Alex對(duì)宇宙充滿熱情。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他決心抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，展示他對(duì)宇宙的熱情和探索精神，他潛心研究天文學(xué)，在業(yè)余時(shí)間廣泛閱讀有關(guān)宇宙的資料。A.reliedon依靠；B.setaside留出；C.divedinto潛入，鉆研；D.majoredin主修。根據(jù)后文“readingextensivelyabouttheuniverseinhissparetime”可知，Alex業(yè)余時(shí)間廣泛閱讀有關(guān)宇宙的資料，表示他潛心研究天文學(xué)。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：由于時(shí)間和資源有限，他不知疲倦地致力于他的項(xiàng)目，收集實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，并向老師和在線愛好者尋求建議。A.tirelessly不知疲倦地；B.impatiently不耐煩地；C.effortlessly毫不費(fèi)力地；D.randomly隨機(jī)地。根據(jù)后文“Despitechallenges,Alexremneddetermined”可知，Alex為了項(xiàng)目付出了很多努力，不知疲倦地工作。故選A。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于時(shí)間和資源有限，他不知疲倦地致力于他的項(xiàng)目，收集實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)，并向老師和在線愛好者尋求建議。A.giving給予；B.seeking尋求；C.minding介意；D.imagining想象。根據(jù)空后“advicefromteachersandonlineenthusiasts”可知，此處表示向老師和在線愛好者尋求建議。故選B。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管面臨挑戰(zhàn)，Alex仍然堅(jiān)定不移，相信夢想是指引人生方向的燈塔。A.proving證明；B.doubting懷疑；C.admitting承認(rèn)；D.believing相信。根據(jù)空后“thatdreamsarethelighthouseguidinglife’sdirection”可知，Alex相信夢想是指引人生方向的燈塔。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著比賽日的臨近，Alex以富有感染力的熱情展示了他的項(xiàng)目，贏得了廣泛的贊揚(yáng)和一等獎(jiǎng)。A.accepted接受；B.bothered打擾；C.presented展示；D.polished潤色。根據(jù)后文“winn