詞法篇專題二

非謂語動詞第二部分語法考點突破語態(tài)形式時態(tài)形式主動被動一般式to

doto

be

done完成式to

have

doneto

have

been

done語法精講考點一

動詞不定式語法規(guī)則例句不定式作主語時，可以直接放在句首。單個的不定式作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)To

enter

a

good

university

forfurther

study

is

my

goal

now.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練1.

動詞不定式作主語語法規(guī)則例句有時不定式作主語時放在謂語之后，用it作形式主語，常用句型有：It

is

+adj.+to

do

sth.It's

necessary

for

usIt

is

+a/an+n.

(pleasure,pity,crime,honor...)十to

help

those

in

need(for

sb.)to

do

sth.It's

a

great

honor

forIt

is

+adj.+for

sb.十to

do

sth.her

to

win

thisIt

is

+adj.

(表人的品質(zhì)、特征的形容詞)+of

sb.+award.to

do

sth.It

took(sb.)some

time/courage/wisdom…十to

do

sth.專題二

非謂語動詞語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練.語法規(guī)則例句不定式可作intend,plan,expect,pretend,would

like/love/prefer,Theteacherdecided

to

pretend

towish,decide,agree,manage,haveknownwhat

theboys

hadrefuse,promise,attempt,choose,done.He

chose

not

to

ask

the

boyslearn,fail,afford等動詞(短語)的賓語but

expected

to

be

told

everything.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練2.

動詞不定式作賓語語法規(guī)則例句在某些動詞，如find,think,consider,feel,make,believe等后，常用it作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語(不定式)后置He

feels/thinks

it

important

tolearn

English

well,but

finds

it

difficult

to

remember

the

words.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法規(guī)則例句不定式作表語時，主語多是dream,goal,aim,purpose,plan等表示“意向、打算、計劃”的名詞Mydream

isto

becomeadoctoraftermygraduation

from

university.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練3.

動詞不定式作表語語法規(guī)則例句放在序數(shù)詞，“序數(shù)詞+名詞”,the

only,the

next,“形容詞最高級

+名詞”后作定語Johnis

always

the

first

one

tocome

up

with

a

good

idea.放

在

某些

名

詞，

如

c

h

a

n

c

e

,opportunity,way,ability,plan,effort等后作定語I

feelgreatlyhonoured

tohavethe

chance

to

deliver

a

speech

here.專題二

非謂語動詞4.

動詞不定式作定語語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法規(guī)則例句不定式作定語時，須放在被修飾的名詞或代詞之后，與中心詞可能是主謂關(guān)系(即不定式的邏輯主語是該動作的發(fā)出者),也可

能是動賓關(guān)系(即不定式的邏輯主語是該動

作的承受者)Weare

in

need

ofnurses

tolook

after

the

kids.I

have

several

questions

todiscuss

with

you.如果作定語的不定式為不及物動詞，其后要加上相應(yīng)的介詞He

has

no

room

to

live

in.I

need

a

pen

to

write

with.專題二

非謂語動詞語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法規(guī)則例句作目的狀語時，可位于句首或句中，形式上可用inorderto

do,so

as

to

do,todo等Igotup

early

soas

to/in

order

to/to

catch

theearly

bus

in

the

morning.作結(jié)果狀語時，常用于too

.

.

.

to

.

.

,enoughto,so/such.…asto結(jié)構(gòu)中。only

todo常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果IaskedMum

to

put

up

the

tent

excitedly,onlyto

be

told

the

tent

hadbeen

left

behind.放在be

happy/glad/sorry/sad/surprised后作原因狀語Iam

extremely

glad

to

know

that

you

arecomingtoChina

fora

visit

during

the

summer

holiday.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練5.

動詞不定式作狀語語法規(guī)則例句下列動詞后常用不定式作賓語補足語：ask,want,invite,get,force,expect,I

am

writing

to

invite

you

toallow,persuade,order,warn,remind,come

to

my

birthday

party.prefer,cause,permit,forbid,advise,With

a

lot

of

homework

toteach,tell等。do,I

can't

go

skating

with“with+名詞/代詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式表示動作尚未發(fā)生you.6.

動詞不定式作賓語補足語專題二

非謂語動詞語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法規(guī)則例句下列動詞(短語)接省略to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語：

see,notice,observe,watch,look

at,hear,listen

to,let,have,make。但用于被動語態(tài)時，不定式需加toIoften

hear

the

girl

sing

thesongwhich

iSpopularrecently.=The

girl

is

oftenheard

to

singthe

songwhich

is

popular

recently

by

me.達(dá)標(biāo)演練

專題二

非謂語動詞語法精講語法規(guī)則例句在句型sth

./sb

.besaid/reported/thought/believed/known/supposed中，用不定式作主語補足He

is

said

to

go

abroad.He

is

said

to

be

sleeping.語，形式主要有to

do,to

beBell

is

said

to

have

invented

thetelephone.doing,to

have

done7.

動詞不定式作主語補足語達(dá)標(biāo)演練

專題二

非謂語動詞語法精講語態(tài)形式時態(tài)形式主動被動意義一般式doingbeingdone其表示的動作與句中謂語動

詞的動作同時發(fā)生，或幾乎

同時發(fā)生完成式havingdonehavingbeendone其表示的動作先于句中謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練考點二

動詞-ing形式1.

動詞-ing形式作主語語法規(guī)則例句動詞-ing形式作主語時，可以直接放在句首。單個的動詞-ing形式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，但表示多于一個的概念時，謂語動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)Playing

cell

phone

games

is

hisfavourite.Swimming

in

summer

and

skatingin

winter

arehisgreatestpleasure.有時用it作形式主語，常用于It

is/was

awaste

of../no

use/no

good/no

pleasuredoing

sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中It

is

no

use

tryingto

persuade

such

astubborn

person.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練

語法規(guī)則例句動詞-ing形式常作介詞的賓語。

by,feellike(想要),lead

to,be

busy(in),devote...to…,be

addicted

to,

beaccustomed/be

used

to,object

to,pay

attentionto,beopposedto,look

forwardto,have

fun/difficulty/trouble

(in),

spendtime

(in),there

is

no

point(in)IhelpMum

out

by

doing

thehousework

that

I

can

do.Learning

that

you

have

trouble

in

learningChinese,I'mwritingtooffer

some

suggestions.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練2.

動詞-ing形式作賓語語法規(guī)則例句動詞-ing形式可作下列動詞的賓語：mind,miss,mention,enjoy,escape,practise,postpone,suggest,tolerate,consider,keep,avoid,admit,advise,allow/permit,appreciate,risk,resist,recommend,finish,forbid,imagine,dislike,delay,quit,deny等Little

Tom

is

considering

quittingpractising

playingthe

violin

becausehisneighbourcouldn't

tolerate

listeningto

thenoise

every

day.在動詞(短語)need,require,want,deserve,beworth后，用動詞-ing形式表示被動意義Theseclothesneed

washing.二Theseclothesneed

to

be

washed.專題二

非謂語動詞語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法規(guī)則例句動詞-ing形式作表語表示籠統(tǒng)的、抽象Myhobby

isreading的概念books.表示情緒的動詞-ing形式作表語時，相當(dāng)于形容詞，意為“令人……的”。如：amazing,confusing,frightening,

surprising等Thenews

issurprising.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練3.動詞-ing形式作表語語法規(guī)則例句動詞-ing形式(短語)作定語，常表示被修飾的名詞的動作、特征、用途和性能a

sleepingchilda

swimming

pool有些動詞-ing形式已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞，常

作定語修飾物，表示“令人……的”a

terrifying

experience專題二

非謂語動詞4.

動詞-ing形式作定語語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法規(guī)則例句動詞-ing形式作定語，表示正在進(jìn)行，doing表示主動進(jìn)行；being

done表示被動進(jìn)

行。單個的動詞-ing形式作定語時，放在被修飾詞前；動詞-ing形式短語作定語時，放在被

修飾詞之后fallingleaves

the

girlwearing

a

red

dressthe

bridge

being

builtnow專題二

非謂語動詞語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法規(guī)則例句動詞-ing形式可以作時間、原因、

條件、伴隨、結(jié)果狀語，強調(diào)與句

子主語之間的主動關(guān)系Walkinginthe

street,I

came

across

an

oldfriend.havingdone與句子主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，且先于謂語動作發(fā)生Havingwaited

inline

for

two

hours,the

old

man

became

impatient.havingbeendone與句子主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，且先于謂語動作發(fā)生Having

been

toldmanytimes,the

boy

stillmadethe

same

mistake

again

and

again.專題二

非謂語動詞5.

動詞-ing形式作狀語語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法規(guī)則例句動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語時，賓語與賓語補足語之間在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系，結(jié)構(gòu)為“vt.+sb./sth.十Iam

sorry

for

keeping

youdoing.

…“”?？梢杂糜诖私Y(jié)構(gòu)的動詞有：

feel,catch,waitingforme

for

such

a

longfind,hear,have/keep/get/leave,see/watch/observe/noticetime.I

won't

have

you

speaking

to注意：have

sb.doing

sth.用于否定句中，常與yourdad

like

that,which

is

socan't,won't等連用，表示“不能容忍某人做某事”rude.在“with+名詞/代詞+動詞-ing形式”中，動詞-ingHelay

on

the

grass

with

his

eyes形式可表示主動和動作正在進(jìn)行l(wèi)ooking

at

the

sky.6.

動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語專題二

非謂語動詞語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法規(guī)則例句單個的動詞-ed形式作定語時，放在被修飾詞之前；動詞-ed形式短語作定語

時，放在被修飾詞之后。及物動詞的-ed形式作定語表示被動和完成；不及物

動詞的-ed形式作定語只表示完成a

broken

glass

the

bridgecompleted

last

monthfallen

leaves考點三

動詞-ed形式1.動詞-ed形式作定語專題二

非謂語動詞達(dá)標(biāo)演練

語法精講語法規(guī)則例句動詞-ed形式作狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語，可用作時間、原因、條件、讓步、伴

隨狀語，強調(diào)該動作與句子主語之間的被動關(guān)系Seenfrom

the

top

of

themountain,our

city

looksbeautiful.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練2.

動詞-ed形式作狀語語法規(guī)則例句動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語時，賓語與賓語補足語之間存在邏輯上的動

賓關(guān)系，構(gòu)成“vt.+sb./sth.十done”結(jié)構(gòu)。with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，動詞-ed形式作賓

語補足語表示一個被動的、已完成的動作Shehadto

raise

her

voice

tomakeherself

heard.The

old

man

wanted

his

old

watchrepaired.With

his

homework

finished,hewent

to

the

park

to

play.3.

動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語專題二

非謂語動詞語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練語法規(guī)則例句表示情緒的動詞-ed形式作表語時，相當(dāng)于形容詞，意為“感到……的”。如：amazed,confused,frightened,surprised等Ifeltreally

surprisedwhenshe

toldme

the

excitingnewS.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練4.

動詞-ed形式作表語語法規(guī)則例句①獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨立

存

在

；Ifweatherpermits,weshallplay

thematch

tomorrow.=Weather

permitting,weshallplay

thematch②獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)中作邏輯主

語的名詞或代詞與后面的分詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語等是邏輯上的主謂或動賓關(guān)系；③獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般用逗號

與句子分開tomorrow.Becauseherbike

was

stolen,she

had

to

walk

home.=Her

bike

stolen,she

had

towalk

home.Becauseanimportant

essay

is

tobe

handed

in

tomorrow,

Angel

has

to

stay

up

late.=An

important

essay

to

be

handed

in

tomorrow,Angelhas

to

stay

up

late.專題二

非謂語動詞語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練

考點四

其他非謂語形式1.

獨立主格獨立成分例句generally

speakingGenerally

speaking,therule

isvery

easy

tounderstand.Judging

fromhisaccent,heis

from

the

South.To

tell

you

the

truth,Iama

little

tired.frankly/honestly

speakingjudging

from/by...considering../oconsideration/accountto

tell

you

the

truthseeing…given..compared

to/with.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練2.

獨立成分作狀語I.

單句語法填空1.Thelatestengineering

(engineer)techniquesareappliedto

createthisprotectivefunctional

structurethatis

alsobeautiful.2.Although

parks

of

all

sizes

and

types

exist

at

any

level,the

nationalparks,in

particular,tend

to

catch

(catch)our

attention

because

of

theirlarge

size

andvariety.達(dá)標(biāo)演練3.

Highlighting

(highlight)China's

economic

growth

and

itstransitiontoaglobaleconomicpowerhousewouldbeagreataspecttoCOver.4.

(2024

·

北京卷)My

friends

checked

and

came

back

shouting

(shout),

“Amy,you

got

the

main

role!”5.They

talk

to

the

flood

of

international

tourists

and

to

visiting(visit)

Chinese

zookeepers

who

often

come

to

check

on

the

pandas,which

areon

loan

from

China.專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練6.

(2024·

全國甲卷)Hotpot

is

meant

for

families

and

friends

to

sit

(sit)together,dip

everything

they

like

in

one

pot,and

share

friendship

and

love.7.Herfablebegins,

borrowing(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrom

many

age-old

fables.8.

(2024·

新課標(biāo)

I

卷)Four

days

later,when

I

was

back

in

Vienna,I

called

Gunter

as

promised(promise).專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練Ⅱ

.語法鏈接寫作1.

Being

surrounded

by

nature

notonlysparked

my

creativity

but

alsoofferedmeamuch-neededbreakfromtheusualhustleandbustleofschool

life.被大自然包圍不僅激發(fā)了我的創(chuàng)造力，也讓我從繁忙和喧囂的學(xué)校

生活中得到了急需的休息。專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練2.Firstly,shared

bicycles

have

emerged

as

a

symbol

of

urbanmobility,

offering

an

affordableandgreenalternative

for

shorttrips.首先，共享單車已經(jīng)成為城市交通的象征，為短途出行提供了一種

經(jīng)濟(jì)實惠、綠色環(huán)保的選擇。3.

,

Insrceidebdythoefcarnetaatticascen

watercolor

painting

of

the

small

bridge

over

the

park's

pond,surrounded

by

blooming

flowers.受到美景的啟發(fā)，我決定創(chuàng)作一幅水彩畫，畫的是公園池塘上的小

橋，周圍是盛開的鮮花。專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練4.

In

order

to

release

the

pressure

resulting

from

study

,

I

wentto

Xingxin

Farm

to

pick

some

oranges

together

with

my

classmates

lastweekend.為了緩解學(xué)習(xí)帶來的壓力，上周末我和同學(xué)一起去了興鑫農(nóng)場摘橘

子。專題二

非謂語動詞語法精講達(dá)標(biāo)演練專題二

非謂語動詞

語法精講

達(dá)標(biāo)演練5.Having

made

sure

that

David

could

run

if

he

wanted,I

turnedaround

to

find

him

coming

towards

me,his

small

body

rocking

from

side

to

side

as

he

swung

his

feet

forward.在確認(rèn)了大衛(wèi)想跑就能跑的情況后，我轉(zhuǎn)過身發(fā)現(xiàn)他朝我走來，他

瘦小的身體隨著他的雙腳向前擺動而左右搖晃。Ⅲ

.語法填空(2023·

新課標(biāo)

I卷改編)Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),those1.amazing

(amaze)constructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,tastysoupandsweet,freshmeat,are

far

and

away

my

favorite

Chinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrive2.steaming

(steam)and