2026年英語進階閱讀：文學(xué)與文化考點解析一、填空題（共5題，每題2分，總計10分）題目：閱讀以下關(guān)于英國文學(xué)與社會變遷的段落，請根據(jù)上下文填寫括號內(nèi)缺失的單詞。每空填對一個單詞得1分。TheVictorianerainBritainwasaperiodofprofoundsocialtransformation,markedbyindustrialization,urbanization,andtheriseofthemiddleclass.(1)_________novelistslikeCharlesDickensandtheBront?sisterscapturedthestrugglesofordinarypeopleagainstsocietalnorms.Theirworksoftenreflectedthestarkcontrastsbetweenwealthandpoverty,asseeninOliverTwistandWutheringHeights.TheVictorianagealsowitnessedtheemergenceofnewliteraryforms,suchasthedetectivestory,withArthurConanDoyle’sSherlockHolmesbecomingaculturalicon.(2)_________socialcritics,suchasMatthewArnold,arguedthatliteratureshouldserveasamoralcompassforsociety.Meanwhile,theriseofthepressandserializednovelsinmagazineslikeTheStrandtransformedhowstorieswereconsumed,makingliteraturemoreaccessibletothemasses.(3)_________thelate19thcentury,however,realismbegantodominate,withauthorslikeThomasHardyexploringtheharshrealitiesofrurallife.Thefindesièclesawashifttowarddecadenceandsymbolism,asexemplifiedbyOscarWilde’sThePictureofDorianGray.1._________2._________3._________答案與解析：1.Prominent（突出）解析：此處指維多利亞時代的小說家如查爾斯·狄更斯和勃朗特姐妹成為時代的文化代表，需用形容詞修飾“novelists”。2.Leading（杰出的）解析：后文列舉了馬修·阿諾德等社會評論家，需用形容詞修飾“socialcritics”。3.By（到……時）解析：此處表示“到19世紀(jì)末，現(xiàn)實主義開始主導(dǎo)”，需用介詞連接時間狀語。二、選擇題（共8題，每題2分，總計16分）題目：閱讀以下關(guān)于美國文學(xué)中的“邊疆精神”的段落，選擇最符合文意的選項。TheAmericanfrontierhaslongbeenacentralthemeinU.S.literature,symbolizingbothopportunityandconflict.FromJamesFenimoreCooper’sLeatherstockingTalestoMarkTwain’sAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,writershaveexploredthetensionbetweencivilizationandwilderness.Cooper’sNattyBumppoembodiedtheidealoftheruggedindividualist,navigatingtheuntamedlandscapewithmoralintegrity.Twain,however,questionedthisromanticizedvision,asHuck’sjourneydowntheMississippiRivercritiquesslaveryandsocietalhypocrisy.ThefrontiernarrativealsoinfluencedlaterauthorslikeJohnSteinbeck,whoseTheGrapesofWrathportraysthestrugglesofmigrantworkersduringtheGreatDepression.Steinbeck’sworkreflectsthedarkersideofprogress,wherethepromiseoftheWestoftenleadstoexploitation.1.Whichauthorisprimarilyassociatedwiththeromanticizedfrontier?A.MarkTwainB.JamesFenimoreCooperC.JohnSteinbeckD.EmilyDickinson2.WhatisthemaincritiqueTwainpresentsinHuckleberryFinn?A.ThebrutalityofNativeAmericansB.ThemoralambiguityofslaveryC.TheinefficiencyofgovernmentpoliciesD.Theemptinessofurbanlife3.HowdoesSteinbeck’sTheGrapesofWrathdifferfromCooper’sfrontiertales?A.ItfocusesonurbanliferatherthantheWest.B.Itportraysthefailureofthefrontierideal.C.Itemphasizestechnologicaladvancement.D.Itcelebratestheriseofthemiddleclass.4.Theword"critiques"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.praisesB.condemnsC.admiresD.describes5.WhichliterarymovementdoesTheGrapesofWrathbelongto?A.RomanticismB.RealismC.ModernismD.Gothic6.Whatdoesthe"promiseoftheWest"inSteinbeck’sworksymbolize?A.EconomicprosperityB.SocialequalityC.CulturalstagnationD.Politicalcorruption7.ThecharacterNattyBumpporepresents:A.AcritiqueofindividualismB.TheidealofthefrontierheroC.AfailureofcivilizationD.Thehorrorsofwar8.HowdoestheMississippiRiverinHuckleberryFinndifferfromthefrontierlandscape?A.Itisasymboloffreedom.B.Itrepresentssocietalconstraints.C.Ithasnoculturalsignificance.D.Itispurelyasetting.答案與解析：1.B.JamesFenimoreCooper解析：文中明確指出Cooper的《皮襪子傳奇》塑造了邊疆理想主義者形象，強調(diào)浪漫化敘事。2.B.Themoralambiguityofslavery解析：文中提到Huck的旅程批判了奴隸制和社會虛偽，故選項B最準(zhǔn)確。3.B.Itportraysthefailureofthefrontierideal解析：Steinbeck的作品揭示了西部進步的陰暗面，與Cooper的理想化敘事形成對比。4.B.condemns解析："critiques"意為“批判”，與"condemns"同義。5.B.Realism解析：作品展現(xiàn)了社會現(xiàn)實，符合現(xiàn)實主義文學(xué)特征。6.A.Economicprosperity解析：文中暗示西部進步常導(dǎo)致剝削，暗指經(jīng)濟利益驅(qū)動的擴張。7.B.Theidealofthefrontierhero解析：NattyBumppo是Cooper作品中典型的邊疆英雄。8.B.Itrepresentssocietalconstraints解析：Huck沿河旅程是對社會規(guī)則的反抗，河岸象征束縛。三、判斷題（共5題，每題2分，總計10分）題目：閱讀以下關(guān)于法國文學(xué)與社會思潮的段落，判斷句子正誤。Frenchliteratureinthe20thcenturywasdeeplyinfluencedbyexistentialism,aphilosophyemphasizingindividualfreedomandabsurdity.Jean-PaulSartre’sNauseaandAlbertCamus’sTheStrangerarequintessentialworksofthismovement.Sartre’sprotagonistAntoineRoquentingrappleswiththemeaninglessnessofexistence,whileCamus’sMeursaultquestionstheabsurdityoflife.Theabsurdistidea—thatlifehasnoinherentpurposebuthumansmuststillcreatemeaning—becameacentraltheme.Meanwhile,French新浪潮（NewWave）cinema,thoughnotstrictlyliterature,sharedsimilarthemesofalienationandrebellion.DirectorslikeJean-LucGodardandFran?oisTruffautchallengedtraditionalnarrativestructures,reflectingthepost-wardisillusionment.1.ExistentialismemergedprimarilyintheUnitedStates.2.Nauseaexplorestheideaoflife’sinherentpurpose.3.Camus’sTheStrangerisanexampleofNewWavecinema.4.Theabsurdistphilosophysuggeststhathumansshouldgiveuponlife.5.NewWavefilmmakerswereinfluencedbyexistentialistideas.答案與解析：1.False解析：存在主義起源于法國，Sartre和Camus是法國哲學(xué)家。2.False解析：Nausea批判了存在無意義，而非尋找目的。3.False解析：TheStranger是小說，NewWave是電影流派。4.False解析：存在主義強調(diào)人類需創(chuàng)造意義，而非放棄生活。5.True解析：NewWave電影與存在主義主題相通。四、簡答題（共4題，每題5分，總計20分）題目：1.Brieflyexplaintheroleofthe"meltingpot"inearly20th-centuryAmericanliterature.2.DescribethekeydifferencesbetweentheVictoriannovelandtheModernistnovel.3.HowdoesLatinAmericanmagicalrealism,asseeninGabrielGarcíaMárquez’sworks,blendrealitywithfantasy?4.Discussthesignificanceofthe"Bildungsroman"inGermanliterature.答案與解析：1.MeltingPotinEarly20th-CenturyAmericanLiterature解析：美國作家如StephenCrane和TheodoreDreiser通過“熔爐”概念探討移民融合與社會矛盾，如Crane的TheOpenBoat展現(xiàn)了底層勞動者困境。2.Victorianvs.ModernistNovel解析：維多利亞小說注重社會寫實（如Dickens的細(xì)節(jié)描寫），而現(xiàn)代主義小說強調(diào)意識流與碎片化敘事（如Joyce的Ulysses）。3.MagicalRealisminLatinAmericanLiterature解析：GarcíaMárquez在OneHundredYearsofSolitude中用現(xiàn)實鏡頭描繪魔法（如死人復(fù)活），模糊現(xiàn)實與超自然界限。4.SignificanceoftheBildungsroman解析：德國作家如Keller的DergrüneHeinrich記錄個體成長與社會適應(yīng)，反映19世紀(jì)德國中產(chǎn)階級精神探索。五、論述題（1題，15分）題目：CompareandcontrasttheportrayalofgenderrolesintheworksofJaneAustenandVirginiaWoolf.Howdotheirapproachesreflecttheculturalcontextsoftheirtimes?答案與解析：ComparisonofGenderRolesinAustenandWoolfAusten’snovels(PrideandPrejudice)critiquesocietalconstraintsonwomenthroughcharacterslikeElizabethBennet,whovaluesindependenceyetremainslimi