2026年英文托福聽力練習(xí)材料及解析Section1:CampusLife(3Questions,2PointsEach)Question1(2Points):Astudentvisitsthecampuslibrarytoaskareferencelibrarianforhelpfindingacademicjournals.Thestudentmentionsneedingarticlesrelatedto"sustainableurbandevelopment"foraresearchpaper.Thelibrariansuggestsusingthelibrary’sonlinedatabaseanddirectsthestudenttoaspecificsectioninthereferencearea.Questions:1.Whatisthestudent’smainpurposeinvisitingthelibrary?2.Whatresourcedoesthelibrarianrecommend?3.Whereinthelibraryshouldthestudentlookforthearticles?AnswerKey:1.Tofindacademicjournalsforaresearchpaper.2.Thelibrary’sonlinedatabase.3.Aspecificsectioninthereferencearea.解析:此題考察校園場景中的信息查詢能力。學(xué)生明確提到需要學(xué)術(shù)期刊，因此答案與學(xué)術(shù)資源直接相關(guān)。聽力中需注意關(guān)鍵詞如"researchpaper,""onlinedatabase,"和"referencearea"等指示性信息。Question2(2Points):Aprofessorgivesalectureaboutcourserequirementsforagraduate-levelseminar.Heexplainsthatstudentsmustsubmitaproposalbytheendofthesemesterandparticipateinweeklydiscussions.Theprofessoralsomentionsthatlatesubmissionswillresultinagradededuction.Questions:1.Whatisthefirstassignmentforthecourse?2.Whatisarequirementforparticipationintheseminar?3.Whathappensifstudentssubmitassignmentslate?AnswerKey:1.Aproposalsubmission.2.Weeklyparticipationindiscussions.3.Agradededuction.解析:此題涉及課程要求，需注意教授的指令性語言（e.g.,"mustsubmit,""willresultin").答案直接對應(yīng)教授的明確說明，無需推斷。Question3(2Points):Astudentasksacampustourguideabouttheuniversity’scareerservices.Theguideexplainsthatthecenteroffersresumeworkshops,internshipplacements,andone-on-onecounselingforjobapplications.Theguidealsomentionsthatstudentscanusethecenter’sresourcesforfree.Questions:1.Whatservicesdoesthecareercenterprovide?2.Isthereafeeforusingtheservices?3.Whatisonespecificactivitymentionedforjobapplications?AnswerKey:1.Resumeworkshops,internshipplacements,andcounseling.2.No,theservicesarefree.3.One-on-onecounseling.解析:此題考察校園服務(wù)細(xì)節(jié)。聽力中需關(guān)注具體服務(wù)項目（e.g.,"resumeworkshops,""internshipplacements"）和費用信息（e.g.,"free").Section2:AcademicLecture(4Questions,2PointsEach)Question4(2Points):Aprofessordiscussestheimpactofclimatechangeoncoastalecosystemsduringabiologylecture.Theprofessorexplainsthatrisingsealevelsthreatenmangroveforests,whichactasnaturalbarriersagainststorms.Additionally,oceanacidificationharmsshell-buildingorganismslikecorals.Questions:1.Whatisamajorthreattomangroveforests?2.Howdomangrovesbenefitcoastalareas?3.Whateffectdoesoceanacidificationhaveoncorals?4.Whatisthelectureprimarilyabout?AnswerKey:1.Risingsealevels.2.Theyactasnaturalbarriersagainststorms.3.Itharmsshell-buildingorganisms.4.Theimpactofclimatechangeoncoastalecosystems.解析:此題涉及環(huán)境科學(xué)內(nèi)容，需注意因果關(guān)系（e.g.,"risingsealevelsthreaten...").答案對應(yīng)教授的論點，如"naturalbarriers"和"oceanacidificationharmscorals."Question5(2Points):AhistoryprofessortalksabouttheIndustrialRevolution’seffectsonurbanization.Theprofessornotesthatfactoriesdrewworkersfromruralareas,leadingtoovercrowdedcities.However,thisgrowthalsospurredinfrastructuredevelopment,suchasroadsandpublictransportation.Theprofessoralsomentionsthatpollutionbecameamajorconcernduringthisperiod.Questions:1.Whatwasaresultofworkersmovingtocities?2.Whatinfrastructureimprovedduetourbanization?3.Whatproblemaroseasaconsequenceofindustrialization?4.Whatisthelecturemainlydiscussing?AnswerKey:1.Overcrowdedcities.2.Roadsandpublictransportation.3.Pollution.4.TheeffectsoftheIndustrialRevolutiononurbanization.解析:此題考察歷史主題，需關(guān)注具體影響（e.g.,"overcrowdedcities,""pollution").答案直接對應(yīng)教授的論述結(jié)構(gòu)。Question6(2Points):Apsychologyprofessordiscussescognitivebiasesindecision-making.Theprofessorexplainsthatthe"confirmationbias"leadspeopletofavorinformationthatalignswiththeirbeliefs.Theprofessoralsomentionsthatthisbiascanbemitigatedbyseekingoutopposingviewpoints.Additionally,theprofessorgivesanexampleofhowinvestorsmightignorenegativedataaboutastockifitconflictswiththeirpositiveexpectations.Questions:1.Whatisconfirmationbias?2.Howcanthisbiasbereduced?3.Whatexampledoestheprofessorusetoillustratethebias?4.Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?AnswerKey:1.Itleadspeopletofavorinformationthatalignswiththeirbeliefs.2.Byseekingoutopposingviewpoints.3.Investorsignoringnegativedataaboutastock.4.Cognitivebiasesindecision-making.解析:此題涉及心理學(xué)概念，需注意定義（e.g.,"favorinformationthatalignswithbeliefs"）和解決方案（e.g.,"seekingoutopposingviewpoints").Question7(2Points):AprofessorlecturesontheRenaissanceinarthistory.TheprofessorhighlightshowartistslikeLeonardodaVincicombinedscientificobservationwithcreativity.TheprofessormentionsthatdaVinci’sanatomicaldrawingsweregroundbreakingandinfluencedlaterartists.Additionally,theprofessornotesthattheRenaissancemarkedashiftfromreligiousthemestohuman-centeredsubjects.Questions:1.WhatdidLeonardodaVincicombineinhisart?2.WhatwassignificantaboutdaVinci’sanatomicaldrawings?3.WhatchangeinsubjectmatteroccurredduringtheRenaissance?4.Whatisthelectureprimarilyabout?AnswerKey:1.Scientificobservationandcreativity.2.Theyweregroundbreakingandinfluencedlaterartists.3.Ashiftfromreligiousthemestohuman-centeredsubjects.4.TheimpactoftheRenaissanceonart.解析:此題考察藝術(shù)史，需關(guān)注具體人物（e.g.,"LeonardodaVinci"）和時代特征（e.g.,"human-centeredsubjects").Section3:SocialScienceDiscussion(3Questions,2PointsEach)Question8(2Points):Astudentandaprofessordiscussaresearchpaperonsocialinequality.Thestudentaskswhyincomegapspersistdespiteeconomicgrowth.Theprofessorexplainsthatfactorslikeeducationaccessanddiscriminationcontributetoinequality.Theprofessoralsomentionsthatpolicyinterventions,suchasprogressivetaxation,canhelpreducedisparities.Questions:1.Whatisthestudent’smainquestion?2.Whatfactorsdoestheprofessormentionascausesofinequality?3.Whatsolutiondoestheprofessorsuggestforreducingdisparities?AnswerKey:1.Whyincomegapspersistdespiteeconomicgrowth.2.Educationaccessanddiscrimination.3.Progressivetaxation.解析:此題涉及社會科學(xué)議題，需關(guān)注問題（e.g.,"incomegapspersist"）和解決方案（e.g.,"progressivetaxation").Question9(2Points):Twostudentsdebatetheeffectivenessofonlinelearningduringastudygroup.Onestudentarguesthatonlinecoursesofferflexibilitybutlackface-to-faceinteraction.Theotherstudentcountersthatdigitaltoolslikediscussionforumscancompensateforthis.Theyalsomentionthatonlinelearningmaybemoreaccessibleforstudentsinremoteareas.Questions:1.Whatisthefirststudent’smainconcernaboutonlinelearning?2.Howdoesthesecondstudentaddressthisconcern?3.Whatadvantagedoesthesecondstudenthighlightforonlineeducation?AnswerKey:1.Lackofface-to-faceinteraction.2.Byusingdigitaltoolslikediscussionforums.3.Itismoreaccessibleforstudentsinremoteareas.解析:此題考察教育討論，需關(guān)注雙方觀點（e.g.,"flexibility"vs."lackofinteraction"）和具體解決方案（e.g.,"discussionforums").Question10(2Points):Asociologyprofessordiscussestheroleoftechnologyinmodernfamilylife.Theprofessornotesthatsmartphoneshaveincreasedcommunicationbutalsoledto"phubbing"(phonesnubbing)duringfamilytime.Theprofessoralsomentionsthatdigitalplatformscanhelpfamiliesstayconnectedacrossdistances,butexcessivescreenusemayharmrelationships.Questions:1.Whatisanegativeeffectofsmartphonesonfamilyinteractions?2.Howcandigitalplatformshelpfamilies?3.Whatconcerndoestheprofessorhaveaboutscreenuse?AnswerKey:1.Phubbing(phonesnubbing).2.Byhelpingfamiliesstayconnectedacrossdistances.3.Itmayharmrelationships.解析:此題涉及社會技術(shù)問題，需關(guān)注具體現(xiàn)象（e.g.,"phubbing"）和教授的觀點（e.g.,"harmrelationships").Section4:ScientificStudy(4Questions,2PointsEach)Question11(2Points):Abiologyprofessorexplainsastudyonplantadaptationtoclimatechange.TheprofessornotesthatresearchersfoundcertaintreespeciesintheAmazonrainforesthavedevelopeddrought-resistanttraits.Theprofessoralsomentionsthattheseadaptationsmayhelpthetreessurviveindrierconditionsasglobaltemperaturesrise.Questions:1.WhattraitdidtheresearchersobserveinAmazontrees?2.Whymighttheseadaptationsbeimportant?3.Whatfactoriscausingtheneedforsuchadaptations?4.Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?AnswerKey:1.Droughtresistance.2.Theymayhelpthetreessurviveindrierconditions.3.Risingglobaltemperatures.4.Plantadaptationtoclimatechange.解析:此題考察科學(xué)研究，需關(guān)注具體發(fā)現(xiàn)（e.g.,"drought-resistanttraits"）和背景原因（e.g.,"globaltemperaturesrise").Question12(2Points):Achemistryprofessordiscussesrenewableenergysources.Theprofessorexplainsthatsolarpanelsconvertsunlightintoelectricity,buttheirefficiencydependsonsunlightavailability.Theprofessoralsomentionsthatbiofuels,derivedfromplantmatter,areanotheroption,buttheyrequiresustainablefarmingpracticestoavoidenvironmentaldamage.Questions:1.Whatisthemainfunctionofsolarpanels?2.Whatfactoraffectssolarpanelefficiency?3.Whatisaconcernaboutbiofuels?4.Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?AnswerKey:1.Convertsunlightintoelectricity.2.Sunlightavailability.3.Environmentaldamagefromunsustainablefarming.4.Renewableenergysources.解析:此題涉及能源科學(xué)，需關(guān)注技術(shù)原理（e.g.,"convertsunlightintoelectricity"）和潛在問題（e.g.,"environmentaldamage").Question13(2Points):Amedicalresearcherdiscussesastudyonsleepdisorders.Theresearchernotesthatlackofsleepcanimpaircognitivefunctionandincreasetheriskofchronicdiseases.Theresearcheralsomentionsthatlightexposure,especiallybluelightfromscreens,candisruptcircadianrhythms,leadingtosleepproblems.Questions:1.Whatisaconsequenceoflackofsleep?2.Whatfactorcandisruptcircadianrhythms?3.Whathealthrisksareassociatedwithsleepdisorders?4.Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?AnswerKey:1.Impai