研究生入學(xué)考試考研英語真題資料僅供參考研究生入學(xué)考試考研英語真題Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically.___1___,atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionsofsuchasocietyhavebeen___2___fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpayment“wouldsoonrevolutionizethevery___3___ofmoneyitself,”onlyto___4___itselfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso___5___incoming?

Althoughe-moneymightbemoreconvenientandmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork__6___thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisvery___7___tosetupthecomputer,cardreader,andtelecommunicationsnetworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneythe___8___formofpayment.Second,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey___9___receipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto___10___.Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof"float"-ittakesseveraldays___11___acheckiscashedandfundsare___12___fromtheissuer'saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcanearninterestonthefundsinthemeantime.___13___electronicpaymentsareimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.Fourth,electronicmeansofpayment___14___securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation___15___there.

Becausethisisnotan___16___occurrence,unscrupulouspersonsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand___17___fundsbymovingthemfromsomeoneelse’saccountsintotheirown.The___18___ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andawholenewfieldofcomputersciencehasdevelopedto___19___securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic___20___thatcontainsalargeamountofpersonaldataonbuyinghabits.Thereareworriesthatgovernment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyencroachingonourprivacy.

1.[A]However[B]Moreover[C]Therefore[D]Otherwise

2.[A]off[B]back[C]over[D]around

3.[A]power[B]concept[C]history[D]role

4.[A]reward[B]resist[C]resume[D]reverse

5.[A]silent[B]sudden[C]slow[D]steady

6.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]on

7.[A]imaginative[B]expensive[C]sensitive[D]productive

8.[A]similar[B]original[C]temporary[D]dominant

9.[A]collect[B]provide[C]copy[D]print

10.[A]giveup[B]takeover[C]bringback[D]passdown

11.[A]before[B]after[C]since[D]when

12.[A]kept[B]borrowed[C]released[D]withdrawn

13.[A]Unless[B]Until[C]Because[D]Though

14.[A]hide[B]express[C]raise[D]ease

15.[A]analyzed[B]shared[C]stored[D]displayed

16.[A]unsafe[B]unnatural[C]uncommon[D]unclear

17.[A]steal[B]choose[C]benefit[D]return

18.[A]consideration[B]prevention[C]manipulation[D]justification

19.[A]copewith[B]fightagainst[C]adaptto[D]callfor

20.[A]chunk[B]chip[C]path[D]trail

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica”,theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:Theaveragemillonlytwoemployeestoday,”amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.”

Davidson’sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.

Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,doinganaveragejob，couldearnanaveragelifestyle,But,today,averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon’tearnyouwhatitusedto.Itcan’twhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.

Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Butthere’sbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,”Inthe10yearsendingin,[U.S.]factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs-about6millionintotal-disappeared.

Therewillalwaysbechanged-newjobs,newproducts,newservices.ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI.T.revolution,thebestjobswillrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.

Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportemployment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopoet-highschooleducation.

21.ThejokeinParagraph1isusedtoillustrate_______

[A]theimpactoftechnologicaladvances

[B]thealleviationofjobpressure

[C]theshrinkageoftextilemills

[D]thedeclineofmiddle-classincomes

22.AccordingtoParagraph3,tobeasuccessfulemployee,onehasto______

[A]workoncheapsoftware

[B]askforamoderatesalary

[C]adoptanaveragelifestyle

[D]contributesomethingunique

23.ThequotationinParagraph4explainsthat______

[A]gainsoftechnologyhavebeenerased

[B]jobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahighspeed

[C]factoriesaremakingmuchlessmoneythanbefore

[D]newjobsandserviceshavebeenoffered

24.Accordingtotheauthor,toreduceunemployment,themostimportantis_____

[A]toacceleratetheI.T.revolution

[B]toensuremoreeducationforpeople

[C]roadvanceeconomicglobalization

[D]topassmorebillsinthe21stcentury

25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?

[A]NewLawTakesEffect

[B]TechnologyGoesCheap

[C]AverageIsOver

[D]RecessionIsBadText2

Acenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincluedsettlersandsojourners.AlongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,and7millinpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted.AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexanmle,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood.Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsofpassage.

Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenemcomersintotwocategories:legalorillegal,goodorbad.WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orourbrokenimmigrantionsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit.Wedon’tneedmorecategories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstrickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.

Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth-careaidesandphysicistsareamongtoday’sbirdsofpassage.Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem,Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.

Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease.WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.

Accommodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle.Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem.

26“Birdsofpassage”referstothosewho____

[A]immigrateacrosstheAtlantic.

[B]leavetheirhomecountriesforgood.

[C]stayinaforegintemporaily.

[D]findpermanentjobsoverseas.

27Itisimpliedinparagraph2thatthecurrentimmigrationstystemintheUS____

[A]needsnewimmigrantcategories.

[B]hasloosenedcontroloverimmigrants.

[C]shouldbeadoptedtomeetchallenges.

[D]hasbeenfixeedviapoliticalmeans.

28Accordingtotheauthor,today’sbirdsofpassagewant___

[A]fiancialincentives.

[B]aglobalrecognition.

[C]opportunitiestogetregularjobs.

[D]thefreedomtostayandleave.

29Theauthorsuggeststhatthebirdsofpassagetodayshouldbetreated__

[A]asfaithfulpartners.

[B]witheconomicfavors.

[C]withlegaltolerance.

[D]asmightyrivals.

30whichofthebesttitleforthepassage?

[A]comeandgo:bigmistake.

[B]livingandthriving:greatrisk.

[C]withorwithout:greatrisk.

[D]legalorillegal:bigmistake.Text3

Scientistshavefoundthatalthoughwearepronetosnapoverreactions,ifwetakeamomentandthinkabouthowwearelikelytoreact,wecanreduceoreveneliminatethenegativeeffectsofourquick,hard-wiredresponses.

Snapdecisionscanbeimportantdefensemechanisms;ifwearejudgingwhethersomeoneisdangerous,ourbrainsandbodiesarehard-wiredtoreactveryquickly,withinmilliseconds.Butweneedmoretimetoassessotherfactors.Toaccuratelytellwhethersomeoneissociable,studiesshow,weneedatleastaminute,preferablyfive.Ittakesawhiletojudgecomplexaspectsofpersonality,likeneuroticismoropen-mindedness.

Butsnapdecisionsinreactiontorapidstimuliaren’texclusivetotheinterpersonalrealm.PsychologistsattheUniversityofTorontofoundthatviewingafast-foodlogoforjustafewmillisecondsprimesustoread20percentfaster,eventhoughreadinghaslittletodowitheating.Weunconsciouslyassociatefastfoodwithspeedandimpatienceandcarrythoseimpulsesintowhateverelsewe’redoing,Subjectsexposedtofast-foodflashesalsotendtothinkamusicalpiecelaststoolong.

Yetwecanreversesuchinfluences.Ifweknowwewilloverreacttoconsumerproductsorhousingoptionswhenweseeahappyface(onereasongoodsalesrepresentativesandrealestateagentsarealwayssmiling),wecantakeamomentbeforebuying.Ifweknowfemalejobscreenersaremorelikelytorejectattractivefemaleapplicants,wecanhelpscreenersunderstandtheirbiases-orhireoutsidescreeners.

JohnGottman,themarriageexpert,explainsthatwequickly“thinslice”informationreliablyonlyafterwegroundsuchsnapreactionsin“thicksliced”long-termstudy.WhenDr.Gottmanreallywantstoassesswhetheracouplewillstaytogether,heinvitesthemtohisislandretreatforamucklongerevaluation;twodays,nottwoseconds.

Ourabilitytomuteourhard-wiredreactionsbypausingiswhatdifferentiatesusfromanimals:dogecanthinkaboutthefutureonlyintermittentlyorforafewminutes.Buthistoricallywehavespentabout12percentofourdayscontemplatingthelongerterm.Althoughtechnologymightchangethewaywereact,ithasn’tchangedournature.Westillhavetheimaginativecapacitytoriseabovetemptationandreversethehigh-speedtrend.

31.Thetimeneededinmakingdecisionsmay____.

[A]varyaccordingtotheurgencyofthesituation

[B]provethecomplexityofourbrainreaction

[C]dependontheimportanceoftheassessment

[D]predeterminetheaccuracyofourjudgment

32.Ourreactiontoafast-foodlogoshowsthatsnaodecisions____.

[A]canbeassociative

[B]arenotunconscious

[C]canbedangerous

[D]arenotimpulsive

33.Toreversethenegativeinfluencesofsnapdecisions,weshould____.

[A]trustourfirstimpression

[B]doaspeopleusuallydo

[C]thinkbeforeweact

[D]askforexpertadvice

34.JohnGottmansaysthatreliablesnapreactionarebasedon____.

[A]criticalassessment

[B]‘‘thinsliced’’study

[C]sensibleexplanation

[D]adequateinformation

35.Theauthor’sattitudetowardreversingthehigh-speedtrendis____.

[A]tolerant

[B]uncertain

[C]optimistic

[D]doubtfulText4

Europeisnotagender-equalityheaven.Inparticular,thecorporateworkplacewillneverbecompletelyfamily—friendlyuntilwomenarepartofseniormanagementdecisions,andEurope,stopcorporate-governancepositionsremainoverwhelminglymale.indeed,womenholdonly14percentofpositionsonEuropecorporateboards.

TheEuropeUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompelcorporateboardstomaintainacertainproportionofwomen-upto60percent.Thisproposedmandatewasbornoffrustration.Lastyear,EuropeCommissionVicePresidentVivianeRedingissuedacalltovoluntaryaction.Redinginvitedcorporationstosignupforgenderbalancegoalof40percentfemaleboardmembership.Butherappealwasconsideredafailure:only24companiestookitup.

DoweneedquotastoensurethatwomencancontinuetoclimbthecorporateLadderfairyastheybalanceworkandfamily?

“Personally,Idon’tlikequotas,”Redingsaidrecently.“Butilikewhatthequotasdo.”Quotasgetaction:they“openthewaytoequalityandtheybreakthroughtheglassceiling,”accordingtoReding,aresultseeninFranceandothercountrieswithlegallybindingprovisionsonplacingwomenintopbusinesspositions.

IunderstandReding’sreluctance-andherfrustration.Idon’tlikequotaseither;theyruncountertomybeliefinmeritocracy,governmentbythecapable.But,whenoneconsiderstheobstaclestoachievingthemeritocraticideal,itdoeslookasifafairerworldmustbetemporarilyordered.

Afterall,fourdecadesofevidencehasnowshownthatcorporationsinEuropeastheUSareevadingthemeritocratichiringandpromotionofwomentotopposition—nomatterhowmuch“softpressure”isputuponthem.Whenwomendobreakthroughtothesummitofcorporatepower--as,forexample,SherylSandbergrecentlydidatFacebook—theyattractmassiveattentionpreciselybecausetheyremaintheexceptiontotherule.

Ifappropriatepubicpolicieswereinplacetohelpallwomen---whetherCEOsortheirchildren’scaregivers--andallfamilies,Sandbergwouldbenomorenewsworthythananyotherhighlycapablepersonlivinginamorejustsociety.

36.IntheEuropeancorporateworkplace,generally_____.

[A]womentakethelead

[B]menhavethefinalsay

[C]corporategovernanceisoverwhelmed

[D]seniormanagementisfamily-friendly

37.TheEuropeanUnion’sintendedlegislationis________.

[A]areflectionofgenderbalance

[B]areluctantchoice

[C]aresponsetoReding’scall

[D]avoluntaryaction

38.AccordingtiReding,quotasmayhelpwomen______.

[A]gettopbusinesspositions

[B]seethroughtheglassceiling

[C]balanceworkandfamily

[D]anticipatelegalresults

39.Theauthor’sattitudetowardReding’sappealisoneof_________.

[A]skepticism

[B]objectiveness

[C]indifference

[D]approval

40.Womenenteringtopmanagementbecomeheadlinesduetothelackof______.

[A]moresocialjustice

[B]massivemediaattention

[C]suitablepublicpolicies

[D]greater“softpressure”PartB

Directions:

Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatext.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

[A]Livelikeapeasant

[B]Balanceyourdiet

[C]Shopkeepersareyourfriends

[D]Remembertotreatyourself

[E]Sticktowhatyouneed

[F]Planningisevervthing

[G]Wastenot,wantnot

ThehugelypopularblogtheSkintFoodiechronicleshowTonybalanceshisloveofgoodfoodwithlivingonbenefits.Afterbills,Tonyhas￡60aweektospend,￡40ofwhichgoesonfood,but10yearsagohewasearning￡130,000aIyearworkingincorporatecommunicationsandeatingatLondon'sbetftrestaurants'"atleasttwiceaweek.Thenhismarriagefailed,hiscareerburnedoutandhisdrinkingbecameserious."Thecommunitymentalhealthteamsavedmylife.AndIfeltlikethatagain,toacertaindegree,whenpeoplerespondedtotheblogsowell.ItgavemethevalidationandconfidencethatI'dlost.Butit'sstilladay-by-daything."Nowhe'slivinginacouncilflatandfieldingoffersfromliteraryagents.He'sfeelingpositive,buthe'llcarryonblogging-notabouteatingascheaplyasyoucan-"therearesomanypeopleinamuchworsestate,withbarelyanymoneytospendonfood"-buteatingwellonabudget.Here'shisadviceforeconomicalfoodies.

41._____________________

Impulsivespendingisn'tanoption,soplanyourweek'smenuinadvance,makingshoppinglistsforyouringredientsintheirexactquantities.IhaveanExceltemplateforaweekofbreakfast,lunchanddinner.Stoplaughing:it'snotjustcosteffectivebuthelpsyoubalanceyourdiet.It'salsoagoodideatoshopdailyinsteadofweekly,because,being-human,you'llsometimeschangeyourmindaboutwhatyoufancy.

42____________________________________________________________

Thisiswheresupermarketsandthci;anonymitycomeinhandy.Withthem,there'snotthesameembarrassmentaswhenbuyingonecarrotinalittlegreengrocer.Andifyouplanproperly,you'llknowthatyouonlyneed,say,350gofshinofbeefandsixrashersofbacon,notwhateverweightispre-packedinthesupermarketchiller.

43_________

Youmayproudlyclaimtoonlyhavefrozenpeasinthefreezer-that'snotgoodenough.Mineisfilledwithleftovers,bread,stock,meatandfish.Planningaheadshouldeliminatewastage,butifyouhavesurplusvegetablesyou'lldoavegetablesoup,andallfruitsthreateningto"gooff'willbecookedorjuiced.

44___________________________________

Everyonesaysthis,butitreallyisatoptipforfrugaleaters.Shopatbutchers,delisandfish-sellersregularly,evenforsmallthings,andbesuperfriendly.Soonyou'llfeelcomfortableaskingifthey'veanyknucklesofhamforsoupsandstews,orbeefbones,chickencarcassesandfishheadsforstockwhich,moreoftenthannot,Theyilletyouhaveforfree.

45__________________

Youwon'tbeeatingoutalot,butsaveyourpenniesandonceeveryfewmonthstreatyourselftoasetlunchatagoodrestaurant-￡1.75aweekforthreemonthsgivesyou￡21-morethan"enoughforathree-courselunchat

Michelin-starredArbutus.It's￡16.95there-or￡12.99foralargepizzafromDomino's:IknowwhichI'drathereat.SectionIIITranslation

46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishtoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)

Icanpickadatefromthepast53yearsandknowinstantlywhereIwas,whathappenedinthenewsandeventhedayoftheweek,I’vebeenabletodothis,sinceIwas4.

Ineverfeeloverwhelmedwiththeamountofinformationmybrainabsorbs.Mymindseemstobeabletocopeandtheinformationisstoredawayneatly.WhenIthinkofasadmemory,Idowhateverybodydoes–trytoputittooneside.Idon'tthinkit'sharderformejustbecausemymemoryisclearer.Powerfulmemorydoesn'tmakemyemotionsanymoreacuteorvivid.IcanrecallthedaymygrandfatherdiedandthesadnessIfeltwhenwewenttothehospitalthedaybefore.IalsorememberthatthemusicalHairopenedonBroadwayonthesameday–theybothjustpopintomymindinthesameway.SectionIVWriting

47Writing

Supposeyourclassistoholdacharitysaleforkidsinneedofhelp.Writeyourclassmatesanemailto

1)informthemaboutthedetailsand

2)encouragethemtoparticipate100wordsuseLiMing.Don'twriteyouraddress.(10points)PartB(15points)

48Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchartinyourwriting,youshould

(1)interpretthechart,and

(2)giveyourcomments

Youshouldwriteabout150words.答案：

1-5:ADBDC

6-10:BBDBA

11-15:ADCCC

16-20:CABAD【答案詳解】

1.[標準答案][A]

[考點分析]本題考察邏輯關(guān)系

[選項分析]因為考察邏輯關(guān)系，因此需要我們先對填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：填空之后的信息為”atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.”（一個無現(xiàn)金社會不太可能馬上出現(xiàn)），而文章之前的信息都是在說我們可能馬上就進入一個無現(xiàn)金社會，兩者之間出現(xiàn)了明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此只有however符合題意。B.moreover表遞進C.therefore表結(jié)果D.Otherwise表對比

2.[標準答案][D]

[考點分析]上下文語義

[選項分析]根據(jù)該句的but可知，其前后句子是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。后一句是說這種形式的社會并沒有真正有成果出來，因此前一句應(yīng)該為這樣的預(yù)測已經(jīng)進行了二十年。其它選項不符合題意。

3.[標準答案][B]

[考點分析]上下文語義及名詞辨析

[選項分析]該句意思為，1975年的《商業(yè)周刊》預(yù)測電子支付手段“將很快徹底改變貨幣本身的____”。四個選項中，A.為力量C“歷史”D“角色”，語義不正確，且如果選擇role的話，應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)roles,因為是金錢的作用不止一個，故答案選B。

4.[標準答案][D]

[考點分析]上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

[選項分析]根據(jù)only知道，空格處所填單詞詞義應(yīng)與前一句的”revolutionize”（變革）發(fā)生同義替換，因此ABCD四個選項中只有D.reverse（顛覆）符合。A.reward獎賞B.resist抵抗C.resume重新開始，繼續(xù)。

5.[標準答案][C]

[考點分析]上下文語義及形容詞詞義辨析

[選項分析]根據(jù)上文得知，早在1975年就預(yù)測了無現(xiàn)金社會可能即將到來，而作者談到實際上“真正的無現(xiàn)金社會很可能不會馬上到來”，因此這種無現(xiàn)金社會只可能緩慢到來，故答案選擇C。A.silent沉寂的，B.sudden突然的，D.steady平穩(wěn)的。

6．[標準答案][B]

[考點分析]上下文語義及介詞詞義辨析

[選項分析]填空所在段開頭although表明對上一段的讓步關(guān)系，上一段的觀點為人們進入無現(xiàn)金時代的速度變緩慢的原因。因此這一段應(yīng)該是說明盡管電子支付可能比紙幣支付方式更方便更高效，然而以下幾個方面解釋了紙幣系統(tǒng)“不會”消失的原因，只有Bworkagainst違背、妨礙，符合題意。A.workfor為…而工作C.workwith與…共事，對…起作用D.workon從事…工作，對…起作用，都不合適。

7.[標準答案][B]

[考點分析]上下文語義及形容詞詞義辨析

[選項分析]本填空所在句為對紙幣支付“不會”消失原因的解釋，即推廣電子支付方式不利之處。因此該題選項先排除productive富有成效的。而imaginative，意思是“虛構(gòu)的、富于想象力的”；sensitive，意思是“敏感的、易受傷害的”均不符合語義，只能選擇消極含義的選項expensive。

8．[標準答案][D]

[考點分析]上下文語義及形容詞詞義辨析

[選項分析]空格所在句譯為...使得電子貨幣成為____支付方式，將四個選項帶入，C,D是比較恰當?shù)?，再結(jié)合本文章的主旨，應(yīng)該選擇“占主導(dǎo)地位的，支配地位”這層意思的D選項。A.similar相似的B.original原始的，獨創(chuàng)的,都不合適。

9．[標準答案][B]

[考點分析]上下文語義及名詞詞義辨析

[選項分析]紙質(zhì)支票支付擁有能夠____收據(jù)的優(yōu)勢，而客戶一般都不愿____。收據(jù)當然是由銀行開具，因此只能選擇provide。A.collect收集收據(jù)，C.copy復(fù)印收據(jù)，D.print打印收據(jù)都和實際生活不符合。

10．[標準答案][A]

[考點分析]上下文語義及固定搭配

[選項分析]該動詞短語的賓語是前文的something,指代上文的advantage，紙質(zhì)支票支付能夠提供收據(jù)這一優(yōu)勢，肯定是消費者不愿放棄的。和優(yōu)勢相搭配的動詞短語不能是B.takeover接管，也不能是C.bringback拿回來，D.passdown傳遞、遺傳也不符合。A.giveup放棄一種優(yōu)勢，符合語境，為正確答案。

11．[標準答案]A

[考點分析]上下文邏輯關(guān)系

[選項分析]本句是來解釋“float”的?？崭袂懊嬉鉃椤靶枰◣滋臁焙蟀刖湟鉃榧堉眱冬F(xiàn)。上文提到講紙支票的兌現(xiàn)不像是電子支票，是不會馬上完成的，因此在紙支票在兌現(xiàn)前要是需要時間的。Abefore“在。。。之前”。Bafter“在。。。之后”。Csince“自從”。Dwhen“當。。。的時候”。結(jié)合上下文意思，很明顯只有A符合語境。

12.[標準答案]D

[考點分析]上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

[選項分析]從“and”一詞能夠看出此題與此11題緊密相連，若能正確理解上一題，此處就很容易選出。意思是在紙支票兌現(xiàn)及錢從帳戶取出之前，Akept“保持”。Bborrowed“借”。Creleased“釋放，發(fā)布”。Dwithdraw“取錢”。因此結(jié)合上下文能夠得出只有D項符合語境。

13．[標準答案]C

[考點分析]上下文邏輯關(guān)系

[選項分析]前句子含義是電子支票是及時的，后半句含義是用戶不能享有“浮動”帶來有好處。能夠看出整句話是一個因為關(guān)系。A.Unless“除非”。B.Until“直到。。。才”。C.Because“因為”。D.Though“然而”。根據(jù)上下文含義，應(yīng)選C.

14．[標準答案]C

[考點分析]上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

[選項分析]此處是一個短句，明顯缺少一個謂語動詞，經(jīng)過最后一個單詞concerns能夠看出本句的含義是電子支付方式引發(fā)安全及隱私的問題。四個選項中只有raise和concerns搭配時符合文意。因此選C。

15.[標準答案]C

[考點分析]后置定語

[選項分析]存儲信息是一般有固定的動詞store。因此選C。

16.[標準答案]C

[考點分析]上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

[選項分析]上文提出電子支票的壞處，本句話意思是“因為這種事情經(jīng)常發(fā)生”，因此形容意思應(yīng)為普遍的，但因為本句用的雙重否定表肯定，因此選填詞匯意思應(yīng)為不普遍的。結(jié)合選項Aunsafe“不安全”。Bunnatural“不自然的”。Cuncommon“不是普遍的”D

unclear“不清楚的”。因此只有C項符合本句話意思。

17.[標準答案]A

[考點分析]上下文語義及動詞義辨析

[選項分析]本句話是講電子支票的存在的風險，含義是那些不道德的人就可能經(jīng)過轉(zhuǎn)移帳戶從而偷取別人的存款。動詞應(yīng)為貶義，能夠排除[B][C][D]選項。故選[A]。

18.[標準答案]B

[考點分析]上下文語義及名詞義辨析

[選項分析]上文提出電子支票的風險，本句話提出解決辦法，可是防止此類詐騙不是容易的事。結(jié)合選項Aconsideration“考慮”。Bprevetion“阻止，防止”。Cmanipulation“操縱”Djusitification“理由，辯護”。結(jié)合語境只有B符合。

19.[標準答案]A

[考點分析]動詞固定搭配

[選項分析]根據(jù)上下文應(yīng)該選一個“應(yīng)對”安全問題含義的動詞詞組，因此能夠排除C項和D項，B是“對抗，反抗”，A是“處理應(yīng)對”，因此A項是最佳答案。

20.[標準答案]D

[選項分析]上下文語義及名詞詞義辨析

[考點分析]本句提出電子支票的另一個風險，電子支票可追蹤包括大量有關(guān)個人購物習(xí)慣的信息。根據(jù)文意能夠排除A項和B項，Cpath“小路，道路,強調(diào)路徑。Dtrail“痕跡，蹤跡”，符合上下文，因此選D。21．標準答案：A

考點分析：此題考查考生對文章細節(jié)信息的把握能力，解題的關(guān)鍵在于定位和辨別細節(jié)信息。

選項分析：根據(jù)題干提示信息，我們定位到文章第一段的最后兩句“…amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedog,andthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.”，說如自動化的紡織廠，她們只需要兩個員工“一個人外加一條狗。人是負責喂狗的，狗是讓人不要靠近機器的?！苯陙砜佳虚喿x常常見故事或是笑話引出文章所要談?wù)摰闹黝}。因此，我們再繼續(xù)看第二段內(nèi)容。第二段引出文章話題：全球化和信息科技革命進步是造成失業(yè)率居高不下、中產(chǎn)階級收入下降的主要原因。因此選擇答案A。選項B為就業(yè)壓力的緩解，與本文談?wù)撛掝}向左；選項C現(xiàn)代紡織廠規(guī)模的縮減，望文生義；選項D中產(chǎn)階級收入的減少，不是文章談?wù)摰闹攸c，文章重在談?wù)撛斐芍挟a(chǎn)階級收入的減少的原因。

22.標準答案：D

考點分析：此題考查考生對文章細節(jié)信息的把握能力，解題的關(guān)鍵在于定位和辨別細節(jié)信息。

選項分析：根據(jù)題干提示信息，我們定位到文章第三段的倒數(shù)第二句“Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra—theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment”，“因此，人人都需要有另外的價值：異于常人的獨特價值能夠讓她們在各自的雇傭市場上脫穎而出?！眘tandout與題干中的successful同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，題干中問我們?yōu)榱顺蔀槌晒Φ墓蛦T，她必須怎么做。答案D中的contributesomethingunique是對theiruniquevaluecontribution的同義改寫，因此，答案選擇D。其它三個選項均與文章內(nèi)容不相符合。選項A，workoncheapsoftware繼續(xù)生產(chǎn)廉價的軟件；選項B，askforamoderatesalary索要適當?shù)男剿?；選項C，adoptanaveragelifestyle選擇一般的生活方式。

23.標準答案：B

考點分析：此題考查考生對文章細節(jié)信息的定位和理解能力。此類題目的解題關(guān)鍵在于根據(jù)題干信息定位，本題的“Paragraph4”，“quotation”即為定位信息。

選項分析：根據(jù)第四段引用的Davidson的原話，“之前的十年內(nèi)，美國工廠裁撤工人速度之快，基本上等于過去70年新增的工人數(shù)量；大概每三個工作崗位就有一個崗位消失了，總共約有600萬之多?！笨芍眠@段話的主題為裁員，且速度很快，這符合B項工作機會急速消失，故此項為正確答案。AC兩項文章中沒有提到，D項和B項互為相反項，結(jié)合文章來看工作機會在消失而不是出現(xiàn)了新的工作機會，故D項錯誤。

24.標準答案：B

考點分析：此題考查考生對文章的細節(jié)信息的把握能力，關(guān)鍵在于定位和對文章的理解。

選項分析：根據(jù)題干信息提示“unemployment”，結(jié)合自然段定位法，我們不難定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Herearethelatestunemploymentratesfrom…”下面是美國勞工局對美國25歲以上人群的最新失業(yè)率統(tǒng)計：高中學(xué)歷都沒有的失業(yè)率為13.8%；有高中學(xué)歷，但沒有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的為8.7%；有大學(xué)或大專學(xué)歷的為7.7%；有學(xué)士甚至更高學(xué)位的只有4.1%。從這句話可知失業(yè)率主要和員工的受教育程度相關(guān)。因此如果想要減少失業(yè)率，最重要的應(yīng)該是選項B“確保更多的人受到教育”。ACD項均和文章不符。

25.標準答案：C

考點分析：本題考核的知識點是全文主旨。能夠根據(jù)文章中的主要內(nèi)容作答，亦能夠根據(jù)以上題目的共同焦點作答。

選項分析：文章第一段經(jīng)過一個笑話指出現(xiàn)代化社會技術(shù)的進步程度，使得勞動力大大減少。其余各段進一步論證了失業(yè)率的增加，因此一個追求平庸的時代已經(jīng)結(jié)束了，人們需要提高自身教育水平，才能夠保證不被淘汰。最后一段第一句話再次強調(diào)說平庸時代已經(jīng)正式結(jié)束了。因此選項C為最恰當?shù)臉祟}。A項“新的法律要實施”僅在最后一段提到一句，不能涵蓋文章主旨。B項“科技走向廉價”不符合文意。D項“經(jīng)濟衰退有害”與文章無關(guān)。26．【答案】C（stayinaforeigntemporarily）

【解析】詞匯題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位，定位到第一段最后一句。在這句中，Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio,”birdsofpassage.，they這個代詞承前指代，指四分之一的意大利移民。有些人要再美國定居（permanenthome），可是一些人只是在美國暫時居住,要回國（hadnointentiontostay）.一定要注意理解這個倒裝結(jié)構(gòu):Alongwith….camethosewho……,那些沒有要回國的是我們要強調(diào)的。經(jīng)過這句我們能選擇出C選項。這A項只是說一世紀前的橫跨大西洋的移民們，沒有說birdsofpassage來自于哪里。B項雖然有forgood可是與原文意思相反。原文是移民們會永遠的回到意大利，而不是選項當中的離開自己的祖國。D項文中首段并未提及。

27．【答案】C（shouldbeado