英語一般過去時(shí)語法專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練題在英語學(xué)習(xí)的旅程中，一般過去時(shí)無疑是我們最早接觸且使用頻率極高的時(shí)態(tài)之一。它如同一位忠實(shí)的記錄者，幫助我們回溯并敘述發(fā)生在過去特定時(shí)間點(diǎn)的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。掌握好一般過去時(shí)，不僅能讓我們的表達(dá)更加精準(zhǔn)，也是邁向更復(fù)雜時(shí)態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。本次專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練，我們將通過理論回顧與實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)相結(jié)合的方式，助你徹底攻克一般過去時(shí)的重難點(diǎn)。一、一般過去時(shí)概覽1.1定義與功能一般過去時(shí)主要用于表示在過去某個特定時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。這個“特定時(shí)間”可以是明確交代的，也可以是通過上下文暗示的。它所描述的動作或狀態(tài)通常都已完成或結(jié)束，與現(xiàn)在沒有直接的聯(lián)系（除非有特別的語境，如間接引語等，但這屬于進(jìn)階用法）。例如：*Shefinishedherhomeworklastnight.(明確時(shí)間狀語)*Theywereveryhappy.(狀態(tài)，時(shí)間可由上下文推斷)1.2構(gòu)成方式1.2.1規(guī)則動詞的過去式大多數(shù)動詞的過去式是在其原形后加-ed構(gòu)成。具體變化規(guī)則如下：*一般情況：直接加-ed。如：work→worked,play→played。*以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾：直接加-d。如：live→lived,love→loved。*以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾：變y為i再加-ed。如：study→studied,carry→carried。（注意：若y前是元音字母，則直接加-ed，如：play→played）*以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母：雙寫這個輔音字母再加-ed。如：stop→stopped,plan→planned。發(fā)音規(guī)則簡述：*在清輔音后，-ed讀作/t/。如：worked/w??kt/。*在濁輔音和元音后，-ed讀作/d/。如：played/ple?d/,lived/l?vd/。*在/t/和/d/音后，-ed讀作/?d/。如：wanted/?w?nt?d/,needed/?ni?d?d/。1.2.2不規(guī)則動詞的過去式英語中存在大量不規(guī)則動詞，它們的過去式?jīng)]有統(tǒng)一的構(gòu)成規(guī)則，需要逐個記憶。這些動詞往往是日常交流中的核心詞匯，因此務(wù)必下功夫掌握。例如：go→went,see→saw,eat→ate,have→had,do→did,is/am→was,are→were。1.2.3否定句與疑問句的構(gòu)成*否定句：*對于be動詞(was/were)：直接在其后加not。如：Hewasnot(wasn't)athome.Theywerenot(weren't)happy.*對于實(shí)義動詞：需借助助動詞did+not(縮寫為didn't)，動詞用原形。如：Shedidn'twatchTVlastnight.Ididn'tfinishmywork.*疑問句：*對于be動詞(was/were)：將be動詞置于句首。如：Washeathome?Weretheyhappy?*對于實(shí)義動詞：需借助助動詞did置于句首，動詞用原形。如：DidshewatchTVlastnight?Didyoufinishyourwork?二、常用時(shí)間狀語一般過去時(shí)常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，這些狀語是判斷是否使用一般過去時(shí)的重要標(biāo)志。常見的有：yesterday(昨天),thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),lastnight(昨晚),lastweek/month/year(上周/月/年),ago(……以前，如threedaysago三天前),in+過去的年份(如in2020),justnow(剛才),atthattime(在那時(shí)),when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句(當(dāng)從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句也常用一般過去時(shí))等。三、專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練題Exercise1:用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofthegivenverbs.)1.She______(visit)hergrandparentslastweekend.2.They______(notplay)footballyesterdaybecauseitrained.3.______you______(see)themovielastnight?Itwasveryinteresting.4.Myfather______(read)anewspaperafterdinneryesterdayevening.5.Thechildren______(be)veryexcitedattheparty.6.He______(study)Frenchforthreeyears,buthestillcan'tspeakitfluently.(提示：此處強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān))7.We______(go)tothebeachand______(swim)inthesealastsummer.8.Thelittlegirl______(cry)becauseshe______(lose)hertoy.9.Tom______(notdo)hishomeworkyesterday,sohisteacher______(be)angry.10.I______(meet)anoldfriendinthestreetthismorning.(提示：thismorning如果說話時(shí)上午已過，則用過去時(shí))Exercise2:句型轉(zhuǎn)換(SentenceTransformation)將下列句子改為否定句和一般疑問句，并作肯定/否定回答。1.Hefinishedhisworkontime.*否定句：_____________________________________*一般疑問句：_________________________________*肯定回答：___________________________________*否定回答：___________________________________2.Theywereintheclassroomjustnow.*否定句：_____________________________________*一般疑問句：_________________________________*肯定回答：___________________________________*否定回答：___________________________________Exercise3:改錯(ErrorCorrection)下列句子中均有一處錯誤，請找出并改正。1.Igototheparkwithmyfamilyyesterday._____________________________________2.Shedidn'twrotealettertoherpenpal._____________________________________3.Wasyoulateforschoolthismorning?_____________________________________4.Theybuysomebooksinthebookstorelastweekend._____________________________________5.Hewasseeabirdinthetreejustnow._____________________________________Exercise4:漢譯英(Chinese-EnglishTranslation)1.我昨天早上七點(diǎn)起床。_____________________________________2.她去年夏天去了北京。_____________________________________3.他們在聚會上玩得很開心嗎？_____________________________________4.我的媽媽昨晚沒有看電視，她讀了一本書。_____________________________________5.——你上周末做什么了？——我去看望了我的叔叔。__________________________________________________________________________四、參考答案與解析Exercise1:用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.visited(lastweekend是過去時(shí)標(biāo)志，visit的過去式直接加-ed)2.didn'tplay(yesterday是過去時(shí)標(biāo)志，實(shí)義動詞的否定借助didn't，動詞用原形)3.Did,see(lastnight是過去時(shí)標(biāo)志，實(shí)義動詞的疑問句借助did，動詞用原形)4.read(yesterdayevening是過去時(shí)標(biāo)志，read的過去式與原形同形，發(fā)音為/red/)5.were(描述過去的狀態(tài)，children是復(fù)數(shù)，用were)6.studied(提示表明是過去的動作，study的過去式是studied)7.went,swam(lastsummer是過去時(shí)標(biāo)志，go的過去式是went，swim的過去式是swam)8.cried,lost(主從句動作均發(fā)生在過去，cry的過去式是cried，lose的過去式是lost)9.didn'tdo,was(yesterday是過去時(shí)標(biāo)志，第一個空實(shí)義動詞否定用didn'tdo；第二個空主語是histeacher，單數(shù)，用was)10.met(thismorning說話時(shí)已過，meet的過去式是met)Exercise2:句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Hefinishedhisworkontime.*否定句：Hedidn'tfinishhisworkontime.*一般疑問句：Didhefinishhisworkontime?*肯定回答：Yes,hedid.*否定回答：No,hedidn't.2.Theywereintheclassroomjustnow.*否定句：Theywerenot(weren't)intheclassroomjustnow.*一般疑問句：Weretheyintheclassroomjustnow?*肯定回答：Yes,theywere.*否定回答：No,theyweren't.Exercise3:改錯1.go→went(yesterday提示用過去時(shí)，go的過去式是went)2.wrote→write(didn't后應(yīng)接動詞原形)3.Was→Were(主語是you，過去時(shí)對應(yīng)的be動詞是were)4.buy→bought(lastweekend提示用過去時(shí)，buy的過去式是bought)5.wassee→saw(see是實(shí)義動詞，其過去式是saw，不需要再加was；wasseen是被動語態(tài)，但此處語境不符)Exercise4:漢譯英1.Igotupatseveno'clockyesterdaymorning.(昨天早上七點(diǎn)是過去的時(shí)間，“起床”getup的過去式是gotup)2.ShewenttoBeijinglastsummer.(去年夏天lastsummer，“去”go的過去式是went)3.Didtheyhaveagoodtimeattheparty?/Didtheyenjoythemselvesattheparty?(“玩得開心”可以用haveagoodtime或enjoyoneself，過去時(shí)疑問句用did)4.Mymotherdidn'twatchTVlastnight;shereadabook.(兩個分句均為過去時(shí)，否定用didn'twatch，“讀了一本書”readabook，read過去式read/red/)5.—Whatdidyoudolastweekend?—Ivisitedmyuncle.(問句“做什么”用whatdidyoudo，答句“看望”visit的過去式是visited)