2026年考研英語閱讀理解專項訓練題集及答案詳解Part1:MultipleChoice(每題2分，共10題)Instructions:Choosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestionbasedonthepassageprovided.Passage1(TechnologyandUrbanPlanning)Therapidexpansionofsmartcitieshasraisedconcernsaboutprivacyandsocialequity.Whileproponentsarguethatadvancedtechnologycanoptimizeurbanservices,criticshighlightpotentialbiasesindatacollection.ArecentstudybytheUrbanInnovationLabrevealsthatfacialrecognitionsystemsaremoreaccurateinidentifyingwhitefacesthannon-whiteones,exacerbatingracialdisparities.Policymakersmuststrikeabalancebetweenefficiencyandfairness.Somecities,likeTokyo,haveadoptedacautiousapproachbylimitingtheuseofsurveillancecamerasinresidentialareas.Others,suchasSingapore,prioritizedatatransparency,requiringcompaniestodisclosehowfacialrecognitionisused.Thedebateunderscorestheneedforinclusiveurbanplanningthatrespectsindividualrightswhileleveragingtechnology.Questions:1.Whatisthemainissuediscussedinthepassage?A.Theeconomicbenefitsofsmartcities.B.Theethicalimplicationsoffacialrecognitiontechnology.C.Thechallengesofurbanizationindevelopingcountries.D.TheroleofAIinimprovingpublicsafety.(Answer:B)2.Whichcityismentionedasbeingcautiousaboutsurveillancecameras?A.SingaporeB.TokyoC.NewYorkD.London(Answer:B)3.WhatdoesthestudybytheUrbanInnovationLabindicate?A.Smartcitiesareunnecessaryformodernlife.B.Facialrecognitionsystemsareunbiased.C.Racialdisparitiesexistintechnology.D.Dataprivacyismoreimportantthanefficiency.(Answer:C)4.HowdoesSingaporeaddresstheconcernsaboutfacialrecognition?A.Bybanningthetechnologyentirely.B.Byrequiringtransparencyfromcompanies.C.Byfocusingonlyoncommercialapplications.D.Byencouragingwiderpublicuse.(Answer:B)5.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouturbanplanning?A.Itshouldprioritizetechnologywithoutconsideringethics.B.Itshouldbalanceefficiencyandsocialequity.C.Itshouldignoreprivacyconcernsforfasterdevelopment.D.Itshouldrelysolelyoninternationalstandards.(Answer:B)Passage2(ClimateChangeandAgriculture)Climatechangeisreshapingglobalagriculture,forcingfarmerstoadapttoshiftingweatherpatterns.Insub-SaharanAfrica,wheredroughtsarebecomingmorefrequent,drought-resistantcropsarecrucial.AcollaborativeprojectbetweentheAfricanAgriculturalTechnologyFoundation(AATF)andlocalfarmershasshownpromisingresults.Byintroducinggeneticallymodifiedmaizethatrequireslesswater,theprojecthasincreasedyieldsby30%indrought-proneregions.However,criticsarguethatsuchinterventionsmaydisplacetraditionalfarmingpractices.Balancinginnovationwithculturalpreservationremainsachallenge.Meanwhile,inEurope,sustainablefarmingtechniqueslikepermaculturearegainingtractionasalternativestointensiveagriculture.Thesemethodsreducerelianceonchemicalfertilizersandhelpsequestercarbon.Theshiftreflectsagrowingawarenessthatfoodsecuritymustbeaddressedalongsideenvironmentalprotection.Questions:6.Whatistheprimarychallengefacedbyagricultureinsub-SaharanAfrica?A.OverpopulationB.DroughtsC.SoildegradationD.Lackoftechnology(Answer:B)7.WhathastheAATFprojectachievedinAfrica?A.ReducedmaizeyieldsduetoGMOs.B.Increasedcropproductionwithlesswater.C.Causedwidespreadfarmerdisplacement.D.Promotedrelianceonchemicalfertilizers.(Answer:B)8.Whatarepermaculturetechniquesusedfor?A.Increasingcropyieldswithoutwater.B.Reducingenvironmentalimpact.C.Expandingfarmlandforcommercialuse.D.Eliminatingtheneedforgeneticmodification.(Answer:B)9.WhyarecriticsconcernedaboutGMOsinagriculture?A.Theyaretooexpensiveforsmallfarmers.B.Theymaydisrupttraditionalfarming.C.Theyareharmfultohumanhealth.D.Theyarenotenvironmentallysustainable.(Answer:B)10.Whatdoesthepassageemphasizeaboutfoodsecurity?A.Itshouldprioritizetechnologicalsolutions.B.Itmustconsiderenvironmentalandculturalfactors.C.Itisonlyaproblemindevelopingcountries.D.Itshouldrelysolelyonintensivefarming.(Answer:B)Part2:ClozeTest(每題2分，共5題)Instructions:Completethepassagebychoosingthebestword(A,B,C,orD)foreachblank.Passage:Theriseofremoteworkhastransformedthe(1)_________ofmodernemployment.Companiesthatonce(2)_________intraditionalofficespacesarenowexperimentingwithflexiblearrangements.AstudybytheGlobalWorkplaceAnalyticsFoundationshowsthat(3)_________employeescanboostproductivitybyupto20%.However,theshifthasalso(4)_________newchallenges,suchasmaintainingteamcohesion.Manyorganizationsareaddressingthisbyimplementingvirtualteam-buildingactivities.Forinstance,(5)_________asonlinegamesorvirtualcoffeebreakshavebecomepopular.Thetrendreflectsabroaderrecognitionthatwork-lifebalanceisessentialforlong-termsuccess.Words:1.A.natureB.landscapeC.definitionD.process(Answer:B)2.A.reliedB.operatedC.workedD.focused(Answer:B)3.A.FullyB.PartiallyC.VirtuallyD.Completely(Answer:A)4.A.broughtB.createdC.solvedD.ignored(Answer:A)5.A.ExamplesB.ApproachesC.MethodsD.Cases(Answer:A)Part3:SummaryCompletion(每題2分，共5題)Instructions:Completethesummarybelowbychoosingthebestword(A,B,C,orD)foreachblank.Summary:Theincreasinguseofrenewableenergyhas(1)_________significantchangesintheglobalenergymarket.Solarandwindpowerhavebecome(2)_________competitive,reducingrelianceonfossilfuels.However,challengesremain,suchasstorageandgridintegration.Governmentsareincentivizinginnovationthroughsubsidiesandtaxcredits.Forexample,theEuropeanUnion’sGreenDealaimsto(3)_________carbonemissionsby2050.Meanwhile,somecriticsarguethatrenewableenergysourcesarenot(4)_________enoughtomeetglobaldemand.Asaresult,adiversifiedenergystrategyis(5)_________.Words:1.A.broughtB.causedC.ledD.resulted(Answer:C)2.A.moreB.highlyC.increasinglyD.moreandmore(Answer:A)3.A.reduceB.minimizeC.cutD.decrease(Answer:A)4.A.reliableB.consistentC.sufficientD.efficient(Answer:C)5.A.necessaryB.requiredC.importantD.essential(Answer:A)Part4:ReadingPassagewithQuestions(每題3分，共5題)Passage:TheGreatBarrierReef,amarvelofmarinebiodiversity,isfacingunprecedentedthreatsduetoclimatechange.Risingseatemperatureshavecausedwidespreadcoralbleaching,endangeringthousandsofspecies.Scientistswarnthatifcurrenttrendscontinue,thereefcouldcollapsewithindecades.Conservationeffortshaveintensifiedinrecentyears.TheAustraliangovernmenthasestablishedmarineprotectedareasandfundedresearchintocoralrestoration.However,thesemeasuresalonemaynotbesufficient.Publicawarenesscampaignsarealsocrucial.Forinstance,the“ReefAction”programencouragestouriststoavoiddamagingcoral.Whilesomearguethattourismshouldberestricted,othersbelievethatresponsiblevisitationcangeneratefundsforconservation.Thedebatehighlightsthecomplexityofbalancingecologicalprotectionwitheconomicinterests.Questions:11.WhatisthemainthreattotheGreatBarrierReef?A.Pollutionfromindustrialships.B.Overfishingbytourists.C.Climatechangeandcoralbleaching.D.Diseaseoutbreaksamongmarinelife.(Answer:C)12.WhathastheAustraliangovernmentdonetoprotectthereef?A.Completelybannedtourism.B.Restrictedfishingincertainareas.C.Fundedresearchandprotectedzones.D.Encouragedmoretourismtoraisefunds.(Answer:C)13.Whatisthepurposeofthe“ReefAction”program?A.Topromotecoralfarming.B.Toeducatetouristsonconservation.C.Tolimittouristaccesstothereef.D.Tostudycoraladaptationtoheat.(Answer:B)14.Whyisthereadebateabouttourism?A.Itmayharmthereefbutalsofundsconservation.B.Scientistsdisagreeaboutitsimpact.C.Itismoreprofitablethanconservationefforts.D.Itattractstoomanyvisitors.(Answer:A)15.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofthereef?A.Itwillrecoverwithoutintervention.B.Itislikelytodeclineifactionisdelayed.C.Itcanbesavedwithimmediatemeasures.D.Itsfatedependsoninternationalcooperation.(Answer:B)AnswerKeyandExplanationPart1:MultipleChoice1.B2.B3.C4.B5.B6.B7.B8.B9.B10.BExplanation:-Passage1:Thepassagefocusesontheethicalconcernsoffacialrecognitiontechnologyinsmartcities,makingBthecorrectanswer.-Passage2:ThestudybytheAATFhighlightsthebenefitsofdrought-resistantcrops,soBiscorrect.-ClozeTest:Theblanksrequirelogicalwordsthatfitthecontextofremoteworkanditsimpact.-SummaryCompletion:Theblanksshouldcompletetheideaofrenewableenergy’sgrowingroleandchallenges.-ReadingPassage:Thequestionstestcomprehensionofthereef’sthreats,conservationefforts,anddebatessurroundingtourism.Part2:ClozeTest1.B2.B3.A4.A5.AExplanation:-Blank1:"landscape"fitsbestasremoteworkhaschangedthe"shape"ofemployment.-Blank2:"operated"iscorrectbecausecompaniesnowfunctiondifferentlyinofficespaces.-Blank3:"Fully"emphasizestheextentofremotework’sproductivityboost.-Blank4:"brought"matchestheideaofnewchallengesemerg