2025年北科大博士復(fù)試英語筆試及答案

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapartoftheacademicwritingprocess?A.BrainstormingB.DraftingC.MemorizingD.Revising2.Inacademicwriting,whatistheprimarypurposeofusingcitations?A.ToshowoffvocabularyB.TosupportclaimswithevidenceC.ToconfusethereaderD.Todemonstratecreativity3.Whichtenseistypicallyusedfordescribinghistoricaleventsinacademicwriting?A.PresentcontinuousB.PastsimpleC.FutureperfectD.Presentperfect4.Whatisthemainfunctionofathesisstatementinanacademicessay?A.TointroducetheauthorB.TosummarizetheconclusionC.TopresentthemainargumentD.Toprovidealistoftopics5.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofastrongtopicsentence?A.Theweatherisnicetoday.B.Manyfactorscontributetoclimatechange.C.Ithinkthattheskyisblue.D.Peopleshouldrecyclemore.6.Inacademicwriting,whatisthepurposeofaconclusion?A.TointroducenewevidenceB.TosummarizethemainpointsandrestatethethesisC.ToapologizeformistakesD.Toaskthereaderquestions7.Whichofthefollowingisacommongrammaticalerrorinacademicwriting?A.UsingpassivevoiceB.UsingactivevoiceC.UsingtoomanycommasD.Usingthecorrecttense8.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenaresearchpaperandaliteraturereview?A.Aresearchpaperpresentsnewfindings,whilealiteraturereviewsummarizesexistingresearch.B.Aresearchpaperisshorter,whilealiteraturereviewislonger.C.Aresearchpaperiswritteninthefirstperson,whilealiteraturereviewiswritteninthethirdperson.D.Aresearchpaperismorecreative,whilealiteraturereviewismorefactual.9.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapartoftheAPAcitationstyle?A.Author'slastname,firstinitialB.DateofpublicationC.PagenumberD.Booktitle10.Whatisthepurposeofpeerreviewinacademicpublishing?A.ToprovidefeedbacktotheauthorB.TopublishthepaperwithoutanychangesC.TorejectthepaperimmediatelyD.Tocopythepaperforpublication二、填空題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Inacademicwriting,theuseof_______isessentialtomaintaincredibilityandavoidplagiarism.2.Awell-structuredessaytypicallyincludesanintroduction,_______,andconclusion.3.The_______isthecentralargumentormainpointofanacademicessay.4._______isacommongrammaticalerrorthatshouldbeavoidedinacademicwriting.5.IntheMLAcitationstyle,theauthor'snameislistedatthe_______ofthepage.6.A_______isacriticalevaluationofexistingresearchonaspecifictopic.7.The_______tenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatoccurredandwerecompletedinthepast.8.Inacademicwriting,theuseof_______voiceisoftenpreferredtomaintainobjectivity.9.The_______isabriefsummaryofthemainpointsandrestateofthethesisstatement.10._______istheprocessofreviewingandprovidingfeedbackonadraftbeforepublication.三、判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Academicwritingshouldalwaysbewritteninthefirstperson.2.Astrongthesisstatementcanbechangedintherevisionstage.3.Citationsareonlynecessaryfordirectquotes.4.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysincorrectinacademicwriting.5.Aliteraturereviewdoesnotrequireathesisstatement.6.Themainpurposeofaconclusionistointroducenewevidence.7.APAstylerequirestheauthor'sfullnameandaddress.8.Peerreviewisonlyforpublishedarticles.9.Aresearchpapershouldalwaysincludeoriginalresearch.10.Theuseofslangisacceptableinacademicwriting.四、簡(jiǎn)答題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Describethemaindifferencesbetweenactiveandpassivevoiceinacademicwriting.2.Explaintheimportanceofusingcitationsinacademicwriting.3.Discusstheroleofathesisstatementinanacademicessay.4.Whatarethekeycomponentsofawell-structuredintroductioninanacademicessay?五、討論題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofusingfirstpersonandthirdpersonperspectivesinacademicwriting.2.Howdoestheuseofcitationscontributetothecredibilityofanacademicpaper?3.Explainthepurposeofpeerreviewinacademicpublishinganditsimpactonthequalityofresearch.4.Discusstheimportanceofstructuringanacademicessayandhowitaffectsthereader'sunderstanding.答案和解析一、單項(xiàng)選擇題答案1.C2.B3.B4.C5.B6.B7.A8.A9.D10.A二、填空題答案1.citations2.bodyparagraphs3.thesisstatement4.commasplices5.top6.literaturereview7.pastsimple8.passive9.conclusion10.peerreview三、判斷題答案1.F2.T3.F4.F5.F6.F7.F8.F9.T10.F四、簡(jiǎn)答題答案1.Activevoicefocusesonthesubjectperformingtheaction,whilepassivevoiceemphasizestheactionandtheobject.Inacademicwriting,activevoiceisoftenpreferredforclarityandconciseness,butpassivevoicecanbeusedtohighlighttheactionorwhenthesubjectisunknownorunimportant.2.Citationsarecrucialinacademicwritingastheyprovideevidenceforclaims,givecredittooriginalauthors,andallowreaderstoverifytheinformation.Theyenhancethecredibilityofthepaperandavoidplagiarism.3.Athesisstatementpresentsthemainargumentorpurposeoftheessay.Itguidesthereader,providesacleardirectionforthepaper,andsetstheexpectationsforthediscussionthatfollows.4.Awell-structuredintroductioninanacademicessayshouldprovidebackgroundinformation,statethethesisstatement,andoutlinethemainpointsorargumentsthatwillbediscussedintheessay.五、討論題答案1.Theuseoffirstpersonperspectiveallowsforpersonalreflectionandcanmakethewritingmoreengaging,whilethethirdpersonperspectivepromotesobjectivityandisoftenpreferredinacademicwriting.Thechoicedependsonthedisciplineandthespecificrequirementsoftheassignment.2.Citationscontributetothecredibilityofanacademicpaperbyprovidingevidenceforclaims,demonstratingresearchrigor,andallowingreaderstoverifytheinformation.Theyenhancethetrustworthinessofthepaper