2026年高考英語完形填空與閱讀理解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題完形填空（共3題，每題20分）Passage1(20分)China’srapideconomicgrowthhastransformedmanyruralareasoverthepastdecade.Farmers,onceconfinedtotraditionalagriculture,nowhavemoreopportunitiestodiversifytheirincome.Forinstance,inYunnanProvince,apopulartouristdestination,localvillagershaveturnedtheirhomesintoguesthouses,offeringauniqueculturalexperiencetovisitors.However,thisshiftisnotwithoutchallenges.Manyelderlyfarmersstruggletoadapttonewbusinessmodels,whileyoungpeopleoftenprefertomigratetocitiesforbetterprospects.Despitetheseissues,thegovernmenthasintroducedpoliciestosupportruralentrepreneurship.Trainingprogramsandmicrofinanceinitiativeshavehelpedsomefarmersstartsmallbusinesses.Forexample,inSichuan,acompanycalled"GreenFarm"hastrainedover1,000farmersinorganicfarmingtechniques,enablingthemtoselltheirproductsatpremiumprices.However,sustainabilityremainsaconcern.Over-tourisminsomeareashasdamagedlocalecosystems,andcompetitionamongbusinesseshasledtopricewars.Toaddresstheseproblems,expertssuggeststricterregulationsandcommunity-basedmanagement.Onlybybalancingeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotectioncanruralareasthriveinthelongterm.Questions:1.WhathaschangedinmanyruralareasinChina?2.Whydosomeelderlyfarmersfinditdifficulttoadapttonewbusinessmodels?3.Whathasthegovernmentdonetosupportruralentrepreneurship?4.WhatisachallengeofruraltourisminChina?5.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestforthefuturedevelopmentofruralareas?Passage2(20分)Shanghai’stechindustryhasgrownexponentiallyinrecentyears,makingitoneofAsia’smostinnovativehubs.CompanieslikeAlibabaandTencenthavesetupR&Dcentersinthecity,attractedbyitsskilledworkforceandadvancedinfrastructure.However,theindustryfacesatalentshortage.Manytechfirmsstruggletorecruitqualifiedengineersandresearchers,especiallythosewithexpertiseinartificialintelligenceandbigdata.Tosolvethisproblem,Shanghaihasinvestedheavilyineducation.ThecityhasopenedseveralspecializedschoolstotrainstudentsinSTEMfields.Forexample,theShanghaiTechUniversity,ajointventurebetweenMITandShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity,produceshighlyskilledgraduateswhoareinhighdemand.Additionally,thegovernmenthasofferedincentivestocompaniesthathirelocalgraduates,includingtaxbreaksandsubsidies.Despitetheseefforts,thecompetitionfortalentremainsfierce.TechfirmsfromotherpartsofChinaandevenabroadarevyingforShanghai’sbestminds.Moreover,thehighcostoflivinginthecitymakesitdifficultforyoungprofessionalstoaffordhousing.Toretaintalent,Shanghaineedstocreateamorebalancedlifestyleforitsworkers.Questions:1.WhyhasShanghaibecomeatechhub?2.WhatisamajorchallengefortheShanghaitechindustry?3.HowhasShanghaiaddressedthetalentshortage?4.Whataresomeincentivesofferedtotechcompanies?5.WhatneedstobeimprovedforShanghaitoretainmoretechtalent?Passage3(20分)Beijing’sculturalscenehasflourishedinthe21stcentury,withmuseums,theaters,andartgalleriesattractingmillionsofvisitorseachyear.Thecity’srichhistoryandmoderncreativitycreateauniqueblendthatappealstobothlocalsandtourists.Forexample,theNationalCentreforthePerformingArts(NCPA)hostsworld-classoperaandballetperformances,whilethe798ArtDistrictshowcasescontemporaryartfromaroundtheglobe.However,theculturalsectoralsofaceschallenges.Manysmallindependenttheatersstruggletosurviveduetohighrentandlimitedfunding.Additionally,theinfluxoftouristshassometimesovershadowedlocalexperiences,withsomevenuesprioritizingcommercializationoverauthenticity.TopreserveBeijing’sculturalheritage,expertsrecommendsupportingsmallartistsandpromotinglocaltraditions.Fortunately,thegovernmenthasrecognizedtheimportanceofculturalpreservation.Recentpolicieshaveprovidedfundingforhistoricsiterenovationsandculturaleducationprograms.Forinstance,the"CulturalBeijing"initiativehasrestoredseveralancienttemplesandorganizedworkshopsforschoolstudentstolearntraditionalcrafts.TheseeffortshelpensurethatBeijing’sculturallegacycontinuestothrive.Questions:1.WhatmakesBeijing’sculturalsceneunique?2.Whydosmallindependenttheatersstruggle?3.WhathasthegovernmentdonetosupportcultureinBeijing?4.HowcanBeijingbalancetourismwithculturalpreservation?5.Whatistheimportanceofculturaleducationprograms?閱讀理解（共5題，每題2分）Passage1(10分)Theriseofe-commercehasrevolutionizedtheretailindustryinChina.OnlineplatformslikeAlibaba’sTaobaoandJD.comhavemadeshoppingmoreconvenientforconsumers,whilesmallbusinesseshavegainedaccesstoaglobalmarket.However,theindustryisnotwithoutitschallenges.Fakeproducts,slowdelivery,andpoorcustomerserviceremaincommoncomplaints.Toaddresstheseissues,companiesareinvestingintechnology.Forexample,JD.comhasdevelopedadronedeliverysystemthatcandeliverpackagestoremoteareaswithinhours.Similarly,Alibabahasimproveditsrecommendationalgorithmstoprovidepersonalizedshoppingexperiences.Theseinnovationshavehelpede-commercecompaniesstaycompetitive.Despiteprogress,theindustryfacesregulatorypressures.TheChinesegovernmenthascrackeddownoncounterfeitgoodsandforcedplatformstoimprovetransparency.Whilethesemeasureshavereducedfraud,theyhavealsoincreasedcompliancecostsforbusinesses.Onlybystrikingabalancebetweenregulationandgrowthcanthee-commercesectorcontinuetothrive.Questions:1.Whathase-commercedoneforsmallbusinesses?2.WhataresomechallengesofonlineshoppinginChina?3.HowhasJD.comimproveditsdeliveryservices?4.Whatactionshasthegovernmenttakentoregulatee-commerce?5.Whyisitimportanttobalanceregulationandgrowthine-commerce?Passage2(10分)China’srenewableenergysectorhasseenrapidgrowthinrecentyears,drivenbybothgovernmentpoliciesandconsumerdemand.Solarandwindpowerhavebecomeincreasinglycost-effective,makingthemviablealternativestofossilfuels.Forexample,Chinanowproducesmoresolarpanelsthananyothercountry,anditswindpowercapacityhasdoubledoverthepastdecade.However,thesectorstillfacesobstacles.Onemajorissueistheintegrationofrenewableenergyintothegrid.Traditionalpowersystemsarenotdesignedtohandlefluctuatingsuppliesfromsolarandwind,leadingtoinefficiencies.Tosolvethisproblem,researchersaredevelopingenergystoragesolutions,suchasbatteriesandpumpedhydrostorage.Anotherchallengeisthehighinitialinvestmentrequiredforrenewableenergyprojects.Whilepriceshavefallen,buildingnewpowerplantsstillcostsbillions.Governmentshaverespondedbyofferingsubsidiesandtaxincentivestoencourageinvestment.Additionally,somecompaniesareexploringinnovativefinancingmodels,suchascrowdfunding,toraisefundsforsmallerprojects.Questions:1.WhathasdriventhegrowthofChina’srenewableenergysector?2.Whatisamajorchallengeforintegratingrenewableenergyintothegrid?3.Howareresearchersaddressingthischallenge?4.Whatfinancialsupportdoesthegovernmentprovideforrenewableenergyprojects?5.Whyareinnovativefinancingmodelsimportantforthesector?Passage3(10分)TheCOVID-19pandemichashadaprofoundimpactonChina’seducationsystem.Schoolswereforcedtoclose,andmillionsofstudentsshiftedtoonlinelearning.Whiledigitalplatformshelpedmaintaincontinuity,theyalsohighlighteddisparitiesinaccesstotechnology.Studentsinruralareasoftenlackedreliableinternetordevices,makingremotelearningdifficult.Toaddresstheseinequalities,thegovernmenthasinvestedindigitalinfrastructure.Forexample,the"EducationforAll"programhasprovidedlaptopsandtabletstostudentsinunderservedregions.Additionally,teachershavebeentrainedtouseonlinetoolsmoreeffectively.Theseeffortshavehelpedbridgethedigitaldivide,thoughchallengesremain.Anotherlong-termeffectofthepandemicistheshifttowardhybridlearningmodels.Manyschoolsnowcombineonlineandin-personinstruction,offeringmoreflexibilityforstudents.Thistrendislikelytocontinueevenafterthepandemicends,astechnologybecomesmoreintegratedintoeducation.Questions:1.Whatwasamajorchallengeduringthepandemicforstudentsinruralareas?2.Howhasthegovernmentaddressedthischallenge?3.Whatisatrendineducationthathasemergedduetothepandemic?4.Whyishybridlearningbecomingmorepopular?5.Whatisthelong-termimpactoftechnologyoneducationinChina?Passage4(10分)China’sfoodsafetyregulationshaveimprovedsignificantlyinrecentyears,butconcernsaboutcontaminationandmislabelingstillpersist.Thegovernmenthasimplementedstricterpenaltiesforviolations,andsupermarketsnowrequiredetailedproductinformation.However,smallfoodproducersoftenstruggletomeetthesestandards,leadingtoinconsistentenforcement.Oneareaofconcernistheuseofadditivesinfoodprocessing.Whilesomeadditivesaresafewhenusedinmoderation,excessiveconsumptioncanposehealthrisks.Toaddressthis,thegovernmenthassetlimitsontheuseofcertainchemicals.However,monitoringcomplianceremainsdifficult,asmanyproductsaresoldinsmall,unregulatedmarkets.Consumerawarenesshasalsoplayedaroleinimprovingfoodsafety.Manypeoplenowchecklabelsandavoidbrandswithpoorreputations.Socialmediahasmadeiteasierforconsumerstoshareinformationaboutunsafeproducts,puttingpressureoncompaniestoimprovequality.Questions:1.WhataresomechallengesinfoodsafetyregulationinChina?2.Howhasthegovernmentaddressedtheuseofadditivesinfood?3.Whyismonitoringcompliancedifficult?4.Howhasconsumerawarenessimpactedfoodsafety?5.Whatroledoessocialmediaplayinimprovingfoodsafety?Passage5(10分)TheGreatWallofChina,oneoftheworld’smosticoniclandmarks,facesthreatsfromerosion,pollution,andillegaltourism.Despiteeffortstopreserveit,sectionsofthewallaredeterioratingduetoweatheringandhumaninterference.Thegovernmenthasallocatedfundsforrestorationprojects,butthescaleoftheproblemmakesitdifficulttofixentirely.Tourismalsoposesachallenge.Millionsofvisitorseachyearcontributetowearandtearonthewall.Toreducedamage,thegovernmenthasimplementedmeasuressuchaslimitingaccesstocertainsectionsandinstallingbarriers.Additionally,educationcampaignshavebeenlaunchedtoraiseawarenessabouttheimportanceofpreservation.Anotherthreatisairpollution.Dustandacidrainfromnearbyfactorieshavedamagedthewall’sstonestructure.Thegovernmenthastakenstepstoreducepollution,suchasclosingoutdatedfactoriesandpromotingcleanerenergy.However,theseeffortstaketimetoshowresults.Questions:1.WhataresomethreatstotheGreatWallofChina?2.Howhasthegovernmenttriedtorestorethewall?3.WhyistourismaproblemfortheGreatWall?4.Whatmeasureshasthegovernmenttakentoreducetourism’simpact?5.HowdoesairpollutionaffecttheGreatWall?答案與解析完形填空答案與解析Passage11.Diversifiedincomeopportunities(e.g.,guesthouses)解析：文章提到農(nóng)民可以通過經(jīng)營民宿等方式增加收入。2.Lackofbusinessskills(duetoage)解析：文章指出老年農(nóng)民難以適應(yīng)新商業(yè)模式，因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)狈ο嚓P(guān)技能。3.Trainingprogramsandmicrofinanceinitiatives解析：政府通過培訓(xùn)和微型貸款支持農(nóng)村創(chuàng)業(yè)。4.Over-tourismdamagingecosystemsandcompetition解析：過度旅游破壞生態(tài)，商業(yè)競爭導(dǎo)致價格戰(zhàn)。5.Balancingeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotection解析：文章建議平衡經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)。Passage21.Skilledworkforceandadvancedinfrastructure解析：上海擁有人才和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施優(yōu)勢，吸引科技公司。2.Talentshortage(especiallyinAIandbigdata)解析：科技公司難以招聘到合格人才。3.Specializedschoolsandincentivesforhiringlocalgraduates解析：上海通過學(xué)校培養(yǎng)人才，并提供補(bǔ)貼吸引本地畢業(yè)生。4.Taxbreaksandsubsidies解析：政府為科技公司提供稅收優(yōu)惠和補(bǔ)貼。5.Morebalancedlifestyle(e.g.,affordablehousing)解析：上海需要改善工人生活，如降低住房成本。Passage31.Richhistoryandmoderncreativity解析：北京的文化融合了傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代。2.Highrentandlimitedfunding解析：小劇場因租金高、資金少而難以生存。3.Fundingforrenovationsandculturaleducationprograms解析：政府提供資金修復(fù)古跡，并開展文化教育。4.Supportsmallartistsandpromotelocaltraditions解析：平衡旅游與文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)。