1、-考試題庫(第2版)一、名詞解釋(包括定義和主要臨床意義)1.實(shí)驗(yàn)診斷(Laboratory diagnosis)2.全面質(zhì)量管理(Oracle total quality management，TQM)3.循證醫(yī)學(xué)(evidence based medicine，EBA)4.重要價(jià)值(critical value)5.醫(yī)療決策級別(medical decision level)紅細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)(red blood cell count，RBC)紅細(xì)胞容積(hemotocrit，Hct；打包的單元卷、PCV)8.網(wǎng)狀紅細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)(reticulocyte count，Ret)9.紅細(xì)胞容積分布寬度(r

2、ed blood cell volume distribution width，RDW)10.白細(xì)胞絕對值(absolute value of WBC)11.白細(xì)胞分類數(shù)(Differential count，DC)12.目標(biāo)紅細(xì)胞(target cell)13.球形紅細(xì)胞(spherocyte)14.多色紅細(xì)胞(polychromatic erythrocyte)15.高色素紅細(xì)胞(hypochromic erythrocyte)16.嗜堿點(diǎn)火(basophilic stippling)17.染色質(zhì)小型體(Howell-Jolly)18.卡波環(huán)(Cabot rings)19.核紅細(xì)胞(nuc

3、leated erythrocyte)中毒粒子(toxic granulation)21.空化(vacuole degeneration)22.杜雷切(多伊爾波泰斯)23.核變性(degeneration of nucleus)24.線型(auer bodies)25.外星人淋巴細(xì)胞(atypical lymphocyte)26.向左移動(dòng)核(nuclear shift to left)27.核右移(nueclear shift to right)28.分割池(mitotic pool)29.存儲(chǔ)池(storage pool)30.邊池(vessel wall)白血病反應(yīng)(leukemoid r

4、eaction)32.紅細(xì)胞沉降速度erythrocyte sedimentation rate，ESR)33.骨髓穿刺(bonemarow puncture)34.骨髓增生程度(proliferative degree)35.顆粒赤壁(myelid erythroid ratio，m: e)36.細(xì)胞化學(xué)染色(cyto-chemical stain)37.peroxidase stain，POX38.中性粒細(xì)胞堿性磷酸酶染色(nap)的研究進(jìn)展骨髓纖維化(myelofibrosis，MF)40.骨髓增生異常綜合征(myelodysplastic syndrome，MDS)41.巨幼紅細(xì)胞性貧

5、血(MA)42.再生障礙性貧血(AA)43.出血時(shí)間(Bt)44.捆綁臂測試(capillary fragility test，CFT)45.血液回退測試(clot retraction test，CRT)46.大血小板比率(platelet large cell ratio，P-LCR)47.部分凝固酶時(shí)間活化(aptt)48.凝血酶原時(shí)間(pt)49.凝固時(shí)間(clotting time，CT)50.國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化速率(INR)51.血漿纖維蛋白原assay (FBG)52.凝血酶時(shí)間測量(thrombin time，TT)53.D-二聚體(D-dimer，DD)54.纖維蛋白(原始)分解物(

6、fibrinogen degradation product，fdps)55.血漿精蛋白反應(yīng)和測試(plasma proamine para coabout，3p測試)56.原發(fā)性纖溶酶(primary hyperfibrinolysis)57.第二次纖維蛋白溶解(secondary hyperfibrinolysis)58.血型(blood group)59.ABO血型物質(zhì)(ABO blood group substance)60.(血型)天然抗體(blood group natural antibody)61.(血型)免疫抗體(blood group immunologic antibod

7、y)62.交叉血液(cross matching)63.成分輸血(component blood transfusion)64.隨機(jī)尿(random urine)65.飯后尿(urine after meal)66.新鮮尿(fresh urine)67.多尿(polyuria)68.小便池(oliguria)69.無尿(anuria)70.前腎小便器(prerenal oliguria)71.腎小便池(renal oliguria)72.腎后性小便池(postrenal oliguria)73.暫時(shí)性多尿(temporary polyuria)74.血尿(hematuria)75.肉眼血尿(g

8、ross hematuria)76.顯微鏡血尿77.均勻血尿(homogenicity hematuria)78.異種血尿(heterogeneity hematuria)79.腎小球血尿(glomerular hematuria)80.非腎小球血尿(non-glomerular hematuria)81.血紅蛋白尿(hematoglobinuria)82.肌紅蛋白尿(myoglobinuria)膽紅素尿(bilirubinus)84.乳糜瀉85.乳糜瀉(血液流變學(xué))脂肪尿(lipiduria)87.膿尿(pyuria)88.細(xì)菌尿(巴氏桿菌)蛋白尿(proteinuria)90.選擇性蛋白尿

9、(selective proteinuria)91.非選擇性蛋白尿(non-selective proteinuria)92.腎小球性蛋白尿(glomerular proteinuria)93.腎小管蛋白尿(tubular proteinuria)94.混合蛋白尿(mixed proteinuria)95.溢出蛋白尿(overflow proteinuria)96.本周蛋白質(zhì)(Bence-Jones protein)97.組織蛋白尿(histic proteinuria)98.偽蛋白尿(false protei nuria，psudoproteinuria)99.糖尿病(false prote

10、inuria)；(pseudoproteinuria)100.腎糖尿病(renal glucosuria，renal glycosuria)101.酮癥尿病102.小便池密度(urine specific density)103.紅細(xì)胞淺陰影(blood shadow)104.脂肪顆粒細(xì)胞(fatty granule cell)105.管道(cast)106.透明管(hyaline cast)107.粒子管(granular cast)108.細(xì)胞管(cellular cast)109.renal tubular epithelial cell cast(腎小管上皮細(xì)胞管)110.紅細(xì)胞管(r

11、ed cell cast)111.白血球管(white cell cast)112.混合管(mixed cast)113.蠟狀管子(waxy cast)114.地方官(fatty cast)115.寬管(broad cast)116.細(xì)菌管(bacterial cast)117.crystal cast118.微量白蛋白尿(trace quantity albuminuria)119.過濾鈉排泄分?jǐn)?shù)(fractional exretion of filtrate d sodium，fena)120.亞硝酸鹽測試(nitrites test)121.瀝青采樣器(tarry stool)122.白

12、色粘土取樣器(acholic stool)123.水稻取樣器(rice water stool)124.帶有水滴和瀑布(stool with blood and pus)125.潛血測試(occult blood test)126.沙考-萊頓結(jié)晶(Charcot-Leydenerstal)127.腦脊液(Cerebrospinal fluid，CSF)128.黃辯證地(xanthochromia)129.Pandy測試(Pandy test)130.漿液滲出液(serous membrane fluid)131.流出(transudate)132.滲出液(exudate)133.粘液定性測試(

13、Rivalta test)134.乳房性滲出液(chylous exudate)135.膿性滲出液(purulent exudate)136.血液滲出液(hematodes exudate)137.腦脊液細(xì)胞蛋白質(zhì)分離現(xiàn)象138.固定液化時(shí)間(semen liquefaction time)139.無精子癥(azoospermia)140.無固定費(fèi)用(aspermia)141.精子活力(sperm motility)142.精子運(yùn)動(dòng)率(sperm activate rate)143.固定費(fèi)用(semen)144.畸形精子(teratospermia)145.陰道清潔度(cleanness)14

14、6.陰道分泌物(vaginal discharge)147.前列腺液(prostatic fluid)148.心肌肌鈣蛋白(cTn)149.肌紅蛋白(myoglobulin，Mb)肌酸激酶(creatine kinase，CK)151.利鈉肽(natriruetic peptides，NP)152.B型利鈉肽(B類natriuretic peptide，BNP)153.氮末b型利鈉肽(NT-pro-BNP)154.前白蛋白(Prealbumin，PA)155.白蛋白/球蛋白比例(albumin/globulin，A/G)156.間接膽紅素(indirect bilirubin，IBIL)157

15、.直接膽紅素(direct bilirubin，DBIL)158.合并膽紅素(conjugated bilirubin，CB)159.總膽汁酸(TBA)160.丙氨酸氨基轉(zhuǎn)移酶(ALT)161.天冬氨酸轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(AST)162.AST/ALT163.堿性磷酸酶(alkaline phosohate，ALP)164.-glutamyl transferase(-glautamyltransferase，-gt/GGT)165.前膠原氨基末端肽(pro coll gen-peptide，p p)166.膠原蛋白(collagen type，C)167.透明質(zhì)酸(hyaluronic acid，HA)168.層粘連蛋白(laminin，LN)169.分離膽汁藥(enzyme bilirubin separate)170.-橋(-橋)171.腎小球?yàn)V過率(glomerular filtration rate，GFR)172.腎臟移除率(clearance rate)173.血清肌酐(serum creatinine，Scr)174.內(nèi)生肌酐清除率(endogious creatin