1、高考語法復習系列六,情 態(tài) 動 詞,1. 情態(tài)動詞的考點 1、can; may; must should; need 等表示判斷及 推測； 2、shall; should 的特殊用法； 3、情態(tài)動詞的應答策略； 4、對過去的判斷或推測； 5、dare; need 的用法特點。,更多資源,2. 情態(tài)動詞的用法特點 1） 情態(tài)動詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經發(fā)生的事 情，只表示期待或估計某事的發(fā)生。 2） 情態(tài)動詞 除 ought 和 have 外，后面只能接不帶 to 的不定式。 3） 情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱，數的變化，即情態(tài)動詞第 三人稱單數不加-s。 4） 情態(tài)動詞沒有非謂語形式，即沒有不定式，分 詞，

2、等形式。,f.,3. 情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法 A. 對現在狀態(tài)和動作的推測 高考題點擊： Helen _ go on the trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet. （05安徽卷） A. shall B. must C. may D. can,C,說明：must 加動詞原形表示“必須做”；may 加動詞原形表示“可能會做”；can 加動詞原形表示“能夠做”；can 表示“可能性”時一般用在問句和否定句中。該句的關鍵在于“but she isnt quite sure yet”。,說明：neednt 表示“不必”；mustnt 表示“不準”；shan

3、t 用在二、三人稱中表示“堅決不準”，含有強烈的警告和命令的語氣。shouldnt 表示“非常不可能”或“應該不會”。,2. There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. （05上海卷） A. mustnt B. shant C. shouldnt D. neednt,C,3. Its nearly 7:00. Jack _ be here at any moment. (N 1995) A. must B. need C.

4、should D. can 4. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. (N 1996) A. wont, cant B. mustnt, may C. shouldnt, must D. cant, should,C,B,must + be 表示“肯定會”；need + be 表示 “需要在”；should + 動詞原形表示“非常有可能”；can 表示可能性只用在否定和疑問句中。,前句表示“你不能玩刀”，此處的 “不能”并非表示“能力”，而是表示“允許”，所以只能用“mustnt”；后句表示“可能會傷著你自己”，故用

5、may。,5. - Are you coming to Jeffs party? - Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead. ( N 2000) A. must B. would C. should D. might 6. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? (2001上海春季) A. can B. should C. may D. must,D,A,此句的關鍵在于“Im not sure”，既然不能肯

6、定，只能是一種“可能性”。,此句的意思為：“Bush 先生總是很守時，他怎么可能在出席開幕儀式時遲到呢？“ can 在否定句或疑問句中表示“可能性”。,7. - Is John coming by train? - He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (N 2002) A. must B. can C. need D. may 8. - I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. - It _ true because there was little snow

7、there. (N 2002北京) A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be,D,C,此句的關鍵是“He likes driving his car.” can 和 may 都可用于否定句中，cant 表示“根本不可能”，語氣很強；may not 表示“也許不可能”，語氣較弱。,couldnt 的語氣比 cant 弱。,B. 對過去動作或狀態(tài)的推測 Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. (N1993) A. have told B. tell C. be t

8、elling D. having told 2. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her. (N 1994) A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out,A,C,ought to 相當于 should；此句的關鍵是“He meant no harm”，顯然指的是過去的事。,should have written 意指“本該寫但實際上并沒有寫”。,3. - The

9、re were already 5 people in the car but they managed to take me as well. - It _ a comfortable journey. (N 1995) A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 4. Susan_ written a report like this. (1995上海) A. can have B. mustnt have C. cant have D. ought to not have,D,C,此句談論的是過去的

10、經歷，故 A、B 不合題意；must 表示判斷和推測只能用在肯定句中。,該句的意思為 Susan 不可能寫出這樣的報告來。ought to have done 的否定式為 ought not to have done。,5. Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have phoned me. (N 97) A. mustnt have arrived B. shouldnt have arrived C. cant have arrived D. neednt have arrived 6. - I stayed at a hotel while in New Yor

11、k. - Oh, did you? You_ with Barbara. (N 1998) A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed,C,A,此句的關鍵是后半句，“otherwise he would have phoned me”，此處為省略了條件句的虛擬語氣，表示“如果到了他會打電話給我的”，由此可見，他肯定沒到。,此句并不表示判斷，而是一個虛擬語氣。,4. shall; should 的特殊用法 1. It has been announced that candidates _ remain

12、 in their seats until all the papers have been collected. (2002上海) A. can B. will C. may D. shall 2. Its nearly 7:00. Jack _ be here at any moment. (N 95) A. must B. need C. should D. can,D,C,該句的意思為：“通知說所有的考生必須坐在位置上直到考卷收完了才能離開?！笨忌谖恢蒙喜荒苡谩澳軌?、將要、可以”來表示。而 shall 在第二、三人稱里面表示一種“命令、警告、承諾”等。,3. - When can

13、I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. - They _ be ready by 12:00. (N 1998) A. can B. should C. might D. need 4. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. (2001上海) A. might B. need C. should D. would,B,C,此句應是店主對顧客的承諾。,should 與 how; why 等表示疑問或否定的詞連用時，用來表示一

14、種驚奇的心情，意思為“居然、竟然”,5. 情態(tài)動詞的應答 1. - Shall I tell John about it? - No, you _. Ive told him already. (N 1994) A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. shouldnt 2. - Could I call you by the first name? - Yes, you_. (1998上海) A. will B. could C. may D. might,A,C,此句的關鍵是“Ive told him already”，由此可見，你就不必再對他說了。,在回答 “C

15、ould I ”這類婉客氣的請求時，只能回答“Yes, you can 或 may”。不能用 could 或 might。,3. - Will you stay for lunch? - Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. (N 1999) A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont 4. - Write to me when you get home. - _. (2001北京春季) A. I must B. I should C. I will D. I can,B,C,此句的關鍵是 “My bro

16、ther is coming to see me.” 所以我不能在這兒吃飯。,在回答對方的請求或命令時，應該用 “Yes, I will.”而不能使用 would 或 should。,6. 情態(tài)動詞的其它一些用法 I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. (1996上海) A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say 2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. (N 1997) A. had to B. would C. was abl