1、現(xiàn)在完成的時候練習題108現(xiàn)在完成時過去發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)與現(xiàn)在相關聯(lián)，包括對現(xiàn)在的影響、結(jié)果、動作的持續(xù)等。現(xiàn)在完成的格式包括“have/has科舉噴射”。1.1當前已完成的配置積極文章：專題have/has科舉噴射.否定句：主語have/has not科舉分詞.疑問句：have/has主語科舉分詞.疑問代詞/疑問副詞have/has主語科舉分詞.i/you have seen iti/you have not seen ithave you seen it？yes，i have .不，不，i havent .he/she/it has seen ithe/she/it has not see

2、n ithas he seen it？是，he has。不，hurst .we/you/they have seen it .we/you/they have not seen it .have they seen it？yes，they have。no，they havent .1.2現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定話文章模式：主語(第三人稱單數(shù)以外的人稱)have主語(第三人稱單數(shù))has現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定語句由助動詞have/has和科舉分詞組成。hes gone shopping。他去買東西了。ive never been to paris。我沒去過巴黎。1.3現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句文章模式：專題have/

3、has not科舉噴射.現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句是助動詞have/has后加not，后接科舉分詞。i havent seen him for a long time。我很久沒見他了。the road hasnt been cleaned since it snowed。下雪后，牙齒路沒有打掃。1.4現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句文章模式：have/has主語科舉分詞.答案：是的，主語have/has。不，主語，have/has not?，F(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句是給出助動詞have/has，放在前面(大寫have/has后面的第一個字母)，并在文章的末尾加上問號。這種語序是顛倒的語序。have you done

4、 it？-是的，伊哈布。/否，下文。你牙齒工作了嗎？是的，都做了。-不，我沒有。have you ever been to india？-是的，伊哈維夫。/no，海下拜斯。你去過印度嗎？是的，我去過。不，我沒去過。have you met your new neighbors？-not so far。你見過新鄰居嗎？還沒有。1.5現(xiàn)在完成時的特殊疑問句文章模式：疑問代詞/疑問副詞have/has主語科舉分詞.現(xiàn)在完成時的特殊疑問句是疑問代詞/疑問副詞放在助動詞have/has前面(have/has的首字母不需要大寫)，類似于一般疑問句。這種語序是顛倒的語序。詢問主語的時候，把有疑問代詞或疑問限

5、定詞的名詞短語放在助動詞have/has之前，在文章的末尾加上問號。這種語序是句子的語序。where have you been all this while？這段時間你在哪里？what book shave you read on this subject？你讀了什么有關牙齒方面的書？what have you been busy with recently？最近在忙什么？1.6現(xiàn)在完成時的用法1.結(jié)束，表示結(jié)果現(xiàn)在完成的話，表示過去發(fā)生和結(jié)束的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。這種情況可分為以下兩種茄子情況：表示從過去開始的動作剛剛結(jié)束。經(jīng)常是already、just、now、yet、not.與yet等一

6、起使用：ive already readyyoure too late；the train has just left .你太完了，火車剛開。指示科舉動作的結(jié)果仍然存在。一般沒有時間副詞：it has just snowed。剛下了雪?！暗厣戏e了雪”i have lost my watch .我把手表丟了。(還找不到)the concert has started . we have to look for our seats in the dark .音樂會已經(jīng)開始了，我們必須在黑暗中找到座位。the presidents sudden death has left the country

7、leader less?？偨y(tǒng)突然去世，使那個國家陷入無知狀態(tài)。2.指示繼續(xù)過去已經(jīng)開始，表示到目前為止還需要繼續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)。經(jīng)常與包含當前時間的副詞一起使用，例如“today(今天)”、“this week/month(本/月)”、“l(fā)ately(最近)”、“recently(最近)”和“these days”。since yesterday(從昨天開始)、for a long time(長時間)、for a month/several years(一個月/幾年)、so far(到目前為止)hes known me for over twenty years。他認識我20多年了。has he

8、 studied french very long？他學法語很久了嗎？how long have you studied english？你學英語多久了？(我還在學)up to now/until now weve had no problems。到目前為止，我們沒有遇到任何問題。3.顯示經(jīng)驗和經(jīng)驗表示從過去到現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)驗?？偸莖ften、never、ever、since、twice、three times和befferhavent i seen you before？我以前見過你吧？he has known both grief and happiness .他既品嘗了悲傷又高興的滋味。we

9、have not been to the cinema recently。我們最近沒去過電影院。i have not seen that film yet。我還沒看過那部電影。her husband died ten years ago，but she has since remarried。她丈夫十年前去世了，她后來又結(jié)婚了。ive read the novel twice。牙齒小說我讀了兩遍。ive never been so annoyed in all my life！(=i was extremely annoyed)我這輩子從沒這么生氣過！4.狀語從句時間或條件副詞部分通常表示在將

10、來某個時間點之前已經(jīng)完成的動作，而不是在當前完成時在將來完成的時候完成。tell me what you think of the book when youve readit。讀完牙齒書后，請告訴我你的想法。well start at 2 oclock pm if it has stopped raining by then。雨停了的話，下午2點開始。關于瞬時(短)動作動詞的使用終止性動詞(也稱為點動詞)不能和表示持續(xù)的時間狀語一起使用，因為這些動詞只表示短動作。無法說：ive left new york for three days。示例：ive been away from new yo

11、rk for three days。(在牙齒中，be動詞是表示連續(xù)狀態(tài)所必需的。）可以說：i left new york three days ago。我三天前離開了紐約。如果現(xiàn)在完成時的謂語動詞是比較短的動態(tài)動詞(點動詞)，通常使用否定結(jié)構。在牙齒的情況下，可以和表示一定期限的短語一起使用。盲文的這種否定結(jié)構構成了狀態(tài)，因為牙齒狀態(tài)可以持續(xù)。they havent written to me for 3 years。他們?nèi)隂]給我寫信了。she hasnt left home for several days。她幾天沒出門了。(表示“不出門”的狀態(tài))they havent visited u

12、s since 2000。他們自2000年以來沒有來拜訪我們。表示短動作的動詞在完成時通常表示當前結(jié)果。shes recovered from her illness。她已經(jīng)痊愈了。(意思是：現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)良好)i must go back；ive left(=forgotten to bring)my car keys(be-hind)。我得回去了。我忘了帶汽車鑰匙。(意思是：我現(xiàn)在不能打開車門。)，以獲取詳細信息english has borrowed words from many languages。英語借用了很多其他語言的詞匯。(意思是仍然借用其他語言的詞匯。)，以獲取詳細信息現(xiàn)在完成的時

13、候練習題108一、填空和問答選擇1.both his parents look sad . maybe they _ _ _ _ _ whats happened to him .a.knew b. have known c. must knowd。will know2.katesneverseenchinesefilms，_ _ _ _ _？a.hasnt she b . has she c . isnt she d . is she3.hehas _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ been to shanghai，hashe？a.already b. never c. ever d. sti

14、ll4-our country _ _ _ _ _ _ a lot so far。-是。i hope it will be even _。a.has changedwell b. changed古德c.has changedbetter d. changed貝特5.we _ _ _ _ _ _ _ xiao li since she was a little girl。a.knowb .had known c. have known d. knew6.the famous writer _ _ _ _ _ _ one new book in the past two year。a . is w

15、riting b . was writing c . wroted。has written7.zhao lan _ _ _ _ _ _ _ already _ _ _ _ _ in this school for two years。a.wasstudying b. willstudyc.hasstudied d. arestudying8.have you met mr. li _ _？a.just b. ago c. before d. a moment ago9.his uncle has already posted the photos to him。(改為否定句)hisuncle _ _ _ _ _ _ _ posted the photos to him _ _ _ _10-mum，may i go out and play basketball？-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ you _ _ _ _ your home work yet？a.do；finish b. arefinishingc.didfinish d. havefinished11.the famous writer _ _ _ _ _ _ one new book in the past two year .a . is writing b . wa