1、Direct speech,直接引語和間接引語,一是用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述, 這叫間接引語(Indirect speech).,He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ”,He said that he had been to the Great Wall.,Ann said: “My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish. ”,Ann said that her name was Anne Frank and her family was Jewish.,Direct speech,Indirect spe

2、ech,_,_,_,_,陳述句的變化,(,),Mary said that she was very fond of traveling.,將直接引語變?yōu)橛蓆hat 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句， 接在謂語動詞之后(that 可以省略。)注意時態(tài)和人稱的變化,Sam asked Mary if /whether she was going to buy the coat.,一般疑問句的變化,將直接引語變?yōu)橛蒳f /whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，句中時態(tài)、人稱要做相應(yīng)的變化。其語序為陳述語序，若直接引語的引述動詞為say ，應(yīng)改為ask.,Lucy asked Mary if that was her um

3、brella.,Mary asked me how she could solve the problem.,特殊疑問句的變化,特殊疑問詞不變，用陳述語序，注意時態(tài)人稱等變化。,wh-詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 Lucy asked Mary when she would return her the book.,由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,有時會引時態(tài)的變化, 注意以下幾個方面:,從句動詞時態(tài)不變 She often says that all men and women are equal under the law.,直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，時態(tài)變化如下,主句動詞為過去式（said, told）時，間

4、接引語的從句時態(tài)發(fā)生如下變化,一般現(xiàn)在時 “I know it,” he said.,一般過去時 He said that he knew it.,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 “Im making coffee for you all,” she said.,過去進(jìn)行時 She said she was making coffee for us all.,現(xiàn)在完成時 “I have seen her before,” said he.,過去完成時 He said he had seen her before.,一般過去時 “I saw her last Monday,” he said.,過去完成時 He s

5、aid he had seen her the previous Monday.,過去完成時 “Rick had been ill in bed for many days.” Jack said.,過去完成時 Jack said that Rick had been ill in bed for many days.,一般將來時 He said: “We will start tomorrow.”,過去將來時 He said they would start the next day.,直接引語變見解引語時, 時態(tài)要發(fā)生變化:,一般現(xiàn)在時 現(xiàn)在完成時 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 一般將來時 一般過去時,一般

6、過去時 過去完成時 過去進(jìn)行時 過去將來時 過去完成時,主句動詞為過去式（said, told）時，間接引語的從句時態(tài)發(fā)生如下變化,由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列情況時態(tài)不變:,1. 不變的真理 The teacher told the students, “The earth goes around the sun .” The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun .,2. 經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He tol

7、d the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.,3. 歷史事件： The teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.,4. 部分情態(tài)動詞,如must, ought to, used to, had better等： She said to me: “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry up.,由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列代詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞等可能要變化

8、,. 請把間接引語中的句子補充完整 1. Henry said，“I dont want to stay here.” Henry said that he didnt want to stay there 2. My teacher asked me, “Do you like American country music? ” My teacher asked me if /whether I liked American country music.,3. The geography teacher said to us，“The earth turns around the sun”

9、The geography teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun ,. 單項填空 1. Tom told his teacher that he born in 1980. A. wasB. had beenC. isD. has been 【解析】選A。出生是客觀事實，變?yōu)殚g接引語時時態(tài)不變。故選A。,2. The child asked his mothergo out to play tennis. 2011濰坊高一檢測 A. that he couldB. if he could C. if could heD. tha

10、t could be 【解析】選B。直接引語若為一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，常用if或whether來引導(dǎo)，且從句中用陳述句語序。,3. The teacher said the earth around the sun. A. is movingB. had moved C. moved D. moves 【解析】選D。間接引語the earth moves around the sun是一個客觀事實，變?yōu)橘e語從句時時態(tài)不變。,1. “I like reading adventure stories,” said John. John said that he liked reading a

11、dventure stories. 2. “I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friend. Sarah told her friends that she didnt like computers.,Exercise I,3. “Ann, have you seen my blue notebook?” Peter asked. Peter asked Ann if she had seen his blue notebook. 4. “How can you do that?” Mary said to Ann. Mary asked An

12、n how she could do that. 5. “What difference does it make?” Peter asked Jim. Peter asked Jim what difference it made.,1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day,Exercise II,2. We said to her,

13、 “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow,3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had wa

14、lkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week,4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day,5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?”

15、They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat,6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardt

16、he week ago,7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time,8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your,9. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet?” Black asked me why