1、非謂語動詞,一、定義 不充當(dāng)句子謂語的動詞叫做非謂語動詞。它們不受主語限制，無時態(tài)與語態(tài)變化，又稱非限定性動詞。 二、形式 1. 動詞不定式（to do sth. ） 2. 動名詞（v. -ing） 現(xiàn)在分詞（v. -ing) 3. 分詞 過去分詞（v. -ed或不規(guī)則變化）,考點(diǎn)一 動詞不定式 動詞不定式可作主語、表語、賓語、定語、狀語和賓語補(bǔ)足語，我們主要掌握不定式作賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語及目的狀語的用法。,此外，不定式可以與疑問詞連用, 用作主語、賓語、表語等。 I cant decide which one to buy. 我不能決定該買哪一件。（作賓語） When to start has

2、nt been discussed. 什么時候開始還沒有被討論。（作主語）,【溫馨提示】 (1)help后接不定式時可以省略to； (2)有些動詞后接不定式時通常省略to：feel, hear, see, watch, notice, let, make, have（簡記為一感一聽三看三讓）。 上述動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)后，其后的不定式必須補(bǔ)上“to”。,Tom helped his brother (to) learn to swim. 湯姆幫他的弟弟學(xué)習(xí)游泳。 變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)：His brother was helped to learn to swim by Tom. We often hear

3、 Jack sing English songs. 我們常聽見杰克唱英文歌。 變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)：Jack is often heard to sing English songs.,【巧學(xué)妙記】只能跟不定式作賓語的動詞 決心學(xué)會有希望（decide, determine, learn, wish, hope）, 同意計(jì)劃莫假裝(agree, plan, pretend), 膽敢拒絕會失敗（dare, refuse, fail）, 準(zhǔn)備設(shè)法來幫忙(prepare, try, manage, help), 提供請求負(fù)擔(dān)起(offer, beg, demand, afford), 答應(yīng)安排理應(yīng)當(dāng)（pro

4、mise, arrange, be supposed）, 以上后跟不定式，勸君牢記永不忘。,考點(diǎn)二 動名詞 動名詞相當(dāng)于名詞、形容詞?？勺髦髡Z、賓語、表語和定語。,元貝駕考網(wǎng) 元貝駕考科目四 科目一 科目三 仿真試題,【巧學(xué)妙記】喜歡（enjoy)不斷(keep)提建議（suggest) 盼望(look forward to)習(xí)慣(be used to)卻完畢(finish) 想要(feel like)花費(fèi)(spend)去練習(xí)(practice) 忍俊不禁(cant help)還介意(mind) 后接動詞-ing My grandfather kept telling jokes and I

5、couldnt help laughing. 爺爺不停地講笑話，我忍不住笑了。,【溫馨提示】 部分動詞既可接動名詞作賓語，又可接不定式作賓語，兩者意義區(qū)別較大。 remember doing sth. 記得做過某事 remember to do sth. 記得去做某事（未做） forget doing sth. 忘了做過某事 forget to do sth. 忘了去做某事（未做） stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事,need doing sth. 需要做某事（被動含義） need to do sth. 需要去做某事（主動含義） try

6、doing sth. 嘗試做某事 try to do sth. 盡力做某事 hear/see sb. doing sth. 聽見/看見某人正在做某事 hear/see sb. do sth. 聽見/看見某人做了某事,考點(diǎn)三 分詞 1. 分詞的構(gòu)成 分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種。現(xiàn)在分詞由“動詞+-ing”構(gòu)成。過去分詞的基本形式是“動詞+-ed”，但也有不規(guī)則的形式。,2. 分詞的句法功能,. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. （2012安順中考）Mr. Scott made a living by _ (sell) old things. 2. （2011遵義中考）Trust him! He

7、has no difficulty _ (work) out the problem. 答案：1. selling 2. working,3. （2011濱州中考）David preferred _ (sell) newspapers to doing housework when he was young. 4. （2011蘭州中考）The student _（name）Wang Lin is my example in English learning. 5. （2011梧州中考）Davy enjoys _ (play) tennis and baseball. 答案：3. selling

8、 4. named 5. playing,. 單項(xiàng)選擇 1. (2012安順中考)Do you know whether the man _ by the door is Mr. Smith? Sure. Weve known each other for a long time. A. stand B. standing C. stood D. stands 【解析】選B。standing by the door是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語表示動作正在進(jìn)行，與被修飾的man之間存在主動關(guān)系。故選B。,2. （2012隨州中考）Its dangerous _ with the wild anima

9、l. A. for us to play B. of us playing C. for us playing D. of us to play 【解析】選A。Its+adj. +for sb. to do sth. 意為“做某事對某人”，其中it為形式主語，動詞不定式to play with the wild animal是真正的主語，故選A。,3. (2012自貢中考)When are you going to have your hair _? This afternoon. A. cut B. to cut C. cutting 【解析】選A。have sth. done“讓被做”。過

10、去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，與所修飾的賓語之間存在被動關(guān)系。故選A。,4. （2011山西中考）Drivers shouldnt be allowed _ after drinking, or they will break the law. A. drive B. driving C. to drive 【解析】選C。allow sb. to do sth. “允許某人做某事”，其被動語態(tài)為sb. be allowed to do sth. “某人被允許做某事”。故選C。,5. （2011重慶中考）We dont know _ it next. Lets go and ask Mr. Li. A.

11、what to do B. to do what C. whether to do D. to do whether 【解析】選C。“特殊疑問詞+ to do”在此作know的賓語，再由it可知，句中已有動詞do的賓語，故選C。,6. （2011綿陽中考）Our English teacher encourages us _ part in all kinds of after-class activities. A. to take B. take C. taking D. to taking 【解析】選A。encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵某人做某事。,7. （2011

12、江西中考）How kind you are! You always do what you can _ me. A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps 【解析】選C。動詞不定式短語to help作目的狀語。,金手指駕校 金手指駕駛員考試2016科目一 科目四,Grammar Focus,8. (2011濟(jì)南中考）The woman loves animals and she tries _ these homeless animals. A. to hurt B. to eat C. to help D. to kill 【解析】選C。try to do sth. “努力做某事”。句意：這位女士喜歡動物，她努力地去幫助這些失去家園的動物。故選C。,9. （2011眉山中考）Its a little cold today. Would you mind _ the window? Of course not. A. not opening B. not to open C. dont open D. no opening 【解析】選A。Would you mind doing sth. ? “你