1、中學(xué)動(dòng)詞講解及時(shí)態(tài)分析,動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成,be 動(dòng)詞 助動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 系動(dòng)詞 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,be 動(dòng)詞,be動(dòng)詞的幾種形式 am is are was were being Been,be動(dòng)詞的用法,與名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、介詞連用 I am a doctor. He is ten. They are tired. The cat is under the table.,be動(dòng)詞的用法,There be 句型 用于不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)之前 There is a pen on the desk. There is some water in the glass. 用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前 There are

2、some sheep in the hill. 用于一般將來(lái)時(shí) There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday. 用于一般過(guò)去時(shí) There was a book on the desk yesterday. 注意：請(qǐng)根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)和句中的名詞選擇適當(dāng)形式。,be動(dòng)詞的用法,Be 動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)中的運(yùn)用 在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中 We are talking. 在過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)中 We were talking at this time yesterday.,助動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞的幾種形式 do /dont Does/ doesnt Did/ didnt will

3、 /wont have havent /has hasnt/had hadnt,助動(dòng)詞的用法,對(duì)句子進(jìn)行否定和疑問(wèn) Do you get up early every day? I didnt have lunch yesterday. Will you be back soon? He hasnt finished the work yet. 在反意疑問(wèn)句中 He works in a school, doesnt he? She has never been there,has she? 在倒裝句中 They helped the farmers , so did we. I wont v

4、isit the famous singer,neither will he.,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,共同特點(diǎn) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟動(dòng)詞原型 無(wú)論否定、疑問(wèn)、倒裝句、或反意疑問(wèn)句都用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 只有時(shí)態(tài)變化，沒(méi)有人稱變化,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,解釋 can / could 在表示請(qǐng)求允許的時(shí)候兩者和互換， could比can語(yǔ)氣更委婉。 Can I help you? Could you open the window? 在表示有能力作某事時(shí)，could是can的過(guò)去式。 I can swim. I could swim at the age of five.,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,解釋 Must /have to Must 表示主觀意

5、愿，否定句用Mustnt，否定回答用neednt I must go now. You mustnt play in the street. Must I clean the room now? No,you neednt. have to表示客觀條件的限制的“不得不”，它有時(shí)態(tài)和人稱變化，需要助動(dòng)詞來(lái)否定和疑問(wèn)。 I dont have to carry the big box. He had to wash his clothes.,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,解釋 May 表示請(qǐng)求別人允許。 May I use your bike? 表示可能性。 He may be a teacher. He may l

6、ive in this building.,系動(dòng)詞,我們所學(xué)過(guò)的系動(dòng)詞是 Get，turn，be come，be動(dòng)詞 感觀動(dòng)詞look，sound，smell，taste，feel 系動(dòng)詞只和形容詞連用，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu) I feel hungry. The day gets longer and longer. He looked happy.,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞指的是有具體行為意思的動(dòng)詞。 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞在句中可以做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法 動(dòng)詞會(huì)有四種形式：?jiǎn)稳F(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去式，過(guò)去分詞,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,注意：掌握四種形式的變化規(guī)律 He works in the office. We

7、 are dancing together. I caught a cold last week. She has watered the flower.,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法（指出現(xiàn)在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后的動(dòng)詞，它受前面謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的限制） 動(dòng)詞會(huì)有三種形式： 原型(do) 動(dòng)名詞(doing) 不定式(to do),實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,用原型： let sb.do make sb.do help sb.(to)do had better do,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,用動(dòng)名詞： like doing enjoy doing finish doing 介詞之后用動(dòng)名詞 be good at doing what abo

8、ut doing thank you for doing,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,用不定式： want to do decide to do plan to do would like to do learn to do tell sb.( not)to do ask sb.(not) to do,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,注意下列詞不同形式的不同用法: remember doing/to do forget doing/to do stop doing/to do go on doing/to do,時(shí)態(tài),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí),一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示一般

9、情況和經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為 every day 或 every 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) often，always，usually,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),動(dòng)詞碰到第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要加 “s” work - works 輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry - carries 以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的加“es”，如wash - washes go - goes do - does have - has,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),例句 He goes to school on foot every day. We often have supper at home. She doesnt do her work eve

10、ry Sunday.,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now /Look /Listen 由be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞ing構(gòu)成 動(dòng)詞變化加ing clean - cleaning 以不發(fā)音“e”結(jié)尾的，去掉字母“e”，再加ing make - making 重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再加ing swim - swimming,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),例句 The boys are playing now. Look! They are planting trees. Listen! He is singing.,一般將來(lái)時(shí),表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： next 引導(dǎo)的詞組 tomorrow

11、 引導(dǎo)的詞組 the day after tomorrow 動(dòng)詞變化：will + 動(dòng)詞原型 例句 I will visit you tomorrow. He wont come back next week.,一般過(guò)去時(shí),指過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： yesterday 引導(dǎo)的詞組 ago 引導(dǎo)的詞組 last 引導(dǎo)的詞組 the day before yesterday,一般過(guò)去時(shí),動(dòng)詞變化：動(dòng)詞變成過(guò)去式，動(dòng)詞加“ed” Play - played 輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry - carried 重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再加ed stop - stopped

12、 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞見(jiàn)書后動(dòng)詞表,一般過(guò)去時(shí),例句 He bought a book yesterday. I watched a match last week. He left here two days ago.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),動(dòng)詞變化 動(dòng)詞變成過(guò)去分詞加ed Play - played 輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry - carried 重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個(gè)字母，再加ed stop - stopped 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞見(jiàn)書后動(dòng)詞表 動(dòng)詞由have（has）+ 過(guò)去分詞 構(gòu)成,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成 He has left . I have already had a rest.

13、 表示動(dòng)作不僅已經(jīng)完成，還要持續(xù)（在這個(gè)用法當(dāng)中，動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，與for引導(dǎo)的一段時(shí)間和since引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)連用） He has been away for two days. I have already taught in this school since 1990. The bird has been dead for a month. We have made lots of friends since we came here.,過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),指在過(guò)去的某一個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) at this time yesterday at five oclock yesterday afternoon 動(dòng)詞由be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞ing形式構(gòu)成 例句 He was watching TV at this time yesterday.,過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),指對(duì)過(guò)去的某一個(gè)時(shí)間來(lái)講，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 動(dòng)詞由would+動(dòng)詞原型構(gòu)成。 例句 He would go to the