1、,The Vampire Diaries,10機(jī)自B 岳 爽20,吸血鬼日記,The historyof vampires,Vampires are mythological or folkloric revenans who subsist by feeding on the blood of the living. In folkloric tales, the undead vampires often visited loved ones and caused mischief or deaths in the neighbourhoods they inhabited when th

2、ey were alive. They wore shrouds and were often described as bloated and of ruddy or dark countenance , markedly different from todays gaunt, pale vampire which dates from the early Nineteenth Century.,Although vampiric entities have been record-ed in most cultures, the term vampire was not populari

3、sed until the early 18th century , after an influx of vampire superstition into Western Europe from areas where vampire legends were frequent, such as the Balkans and Eastern Europe, 1 although local variants were also known by different names, such as vampire () in Serbia, vrykolakas in Greece and

4、strigoi in Romania. This increased level of vampire superstition in Europe led to mass hysteria and in some cases resulted in corpses actually being staked and people being accused of vampirism.,In modern times, however, the vampire is gene-rally held to be a fictitious entity, although belief in si

5、milar vampiric creatures such as the chupacabra still persists in some cultures. Early folkloric belief in vampires has been ascribed to the ignorance of the bodys process of decomposition after death and how people in preindustrial societies tried to rationalise this, creating the figure of the vam

6、pire to explain the mysteries of death. Porphyria was also linked with legends of vampirism in 1985 and received much media exposure, but this link has since been largely discredited.,The charismatic and sophisticated vampire of modern fiction was born in 1819 with the publication of The Vampire by

7、John Polidori; the story was highly successful and arguably the most influential vampire work of the early 19th century. 2 However, it is Bram Stokers 1897 novel Dracula that is remembered as the quintessential vampire novel and provided the basis of the modern vampi vampire legend. The success of t

8、his book spawned a distinctive vampire genre, still popular in the 21st century, with books, films, and television shows. The vampire has since become a dominant figure in the horror genre.,譯文： “常規(guī)”的吸血鬼是: 牙齒尖長(zhǎng)，皮膚蒼白（像面粉一樣白），眼睛發(fā)紅。吸血鬼害怕照射到陽(yáng)光，在太陽(yáng)下會(huì)煙滅或融化。 但是也認(rèn)為高等級(jí)的吸血鬼可以維持在太陽(yáng)下不死，只是能力有所下降，有稱(chēng)這些可在陽(yáng)光下橫行無(wú)阻的吸血鬼為“日行者（Daywalker）”，但仍然在“常規(guī)”的吸血鬼范圍內(nèi) 。 由于吸血鬼的恢復(fù)能力極強(qiáng)，所以一般武器無(wú)法使吸血鬼致命，只有“銀”能夠殺死吸血鬼。吸血鬼懼怕十字架和大蒜。 (對(duì)于吸血鬼懼怕大蒜，有人認(rèn)為是由于吸血鬼?yè)碛羞h(yuǎn)高于常人的嗅覺(jué)造成的，大蒜的刺激性氣味令吸血鬼感到強(qiáng)烈不適。也有些人認(rèn)為大蒜具有殺菌的功效，所以也可以用來(lái)驅(qū)逐吸血鬼。) 有些故事中的吸血鬼沒(méi)有影子，在鏡子中看不到它，而且它在未被邀請(qǐng)的時(shí)候決不會(huì)進(jìn)入房