1、a,1,In a Station of the Metro,By Ezra Pound,a,2,original text,original text: In a Station of the Metro Ezra Pound The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough. Translation： 在地鐵站 埃茲拉龐德 人群中幽然浮現(xiàn)的一張張臉龐， 黝黑的濕樹枝上的一片片花瓣。,a,3,original text: In a Station of the Metro Ezra Pound Th

2、e apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough. The other translation: 一、一張張臉孔的幻影在人群中鬼魅般浮現(xiàn)； 猶如濕漉漉的黑色樹干上綻放的朵朵花瓣。 二、一張張臉孔在人群中幽靈般浮現(xiàn)； 如濕黑樹枝上，花瓣片片。 三、人群中，張張臉孔的魅影； 如片片花瓣，在濕黑的樹枝上。 四、這些面孔的魅影幽靈般浮現(xiàn)濕漉漉, 黑色枝條上的許多花瓣. 五、人群中這些面孔的幻影濕漉漉， 黑色枝條上的片片花瓣.,a,4,Background,In a Station of the Metro is

3、 an observation of the poet of the human faces seen in a Pariss subway station in which the faces turned variously toward light and darkness. 在地鐵站內(nèi)僅兩行、14個(gè)字，是一首單一意象詩(shī)（one-image poem）。它是龐德根據(jù)在巴黎協(xié)和廣場(chǎng)地鐵站的印象寫成的。,a,5,Background,The poet, Ezra Pound, was famous for advocating free meter and a more economical

4、 use of words and images in poetic expression. He is also one of the leaders of the Imagist Movement of poetry. Written in 1913, In a Station of the Metro is always acknowledged as the best imagist poem. 埃茲拉龐德（Ezra Pound），美國(guó)著名詩(shī)人。在賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)攻讀美國(guó)歷史、古典文學(xué)、羅曼斯語言文學(xué)。兩年后在哈密爾頓大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，1906年獲碩士學(xué)位。18981908年先后共四次去歐洲。1

5、908年定居倫敦，以后一度成為倫敦文壇上舉足輕重的人物。 在地鐵站龐德眼前閃過一張張美麗的臉。在歸途中，這些臉在他眼前反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，直到最后他們逐漸變成了一片片彩色印花色底。這時(shí)他產(chǎn)生了一個(gè)念頭，要作出一幅純粹表現(xiàn)色彩的斑斑點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的非寫實(shí)主義的畫，但他不會(huì)作畫，只能以詩(shī)代之。,a,6,My understanding,This poem is in a succinct style which just has 14 words in the whole poem. However, the images in this poem give us the interior meaning. The

6、images are apparition, faces, petals and bough. He uses two lines to describe a vivid picture for us. 在地鐵站內(nèi)僅兩行、14個(gè)字，是一首單一意象詩(shī)（one-image poem）。它是龐德根據(jù)在巴黎協(xié)和廣場(chǎng)地鐵站的印象寫成的。詩(shī)雖短，但詩(shī)人最后落筆定稿前經(jīng)過相當(dāng)一段時(shí)間的醞釀和推敲。,a,7,My understanding,The first line is narration and the second is expression. What does the apparition me

7、an? One is “suddenly appear” and the other is “something like the ghost”. This word nicely captures the immediate impression left on the poets mind and the powerful emotional impact he felt in that situation. 詩(shī)心怪異是現(xiàn)代派詩(shī)的特點(diǎn)之一，尤其在這首詩(shī)中，意象玄妙，句意懸隔，更增添了詩(shī)意的模糊性。不光是每句詩(shī)的本身意義不明確，而且兩句詩(shī)組合在一起意義取向正是相反。究竟是什么樣的面孔？居然像

8、幽靈般顯現(xiàn)？,a,8,My understanding,Its association with ghosts also invokes a vivid view of the people coming out of the dark Metro as if they are specters ascending from the underground world. We can easily touch that the faces in the subway are depressed. At this time, Pound saw a childs lovely face, and

9、 then another. apparition一詞的翻譯非常關(guān)鍵，它頗為詭異，原有幻象、異象等出現(xiàn)之意，還有鬼怪、幽靈之意，在這里被譯為“幽靈般顯現(xiàn)”，大概綜合了這兩個(gè)義項(xiàng)。問題是詩(shī)人把這些面孔說成幽靈、鬼怪的一樣，是何用心？不能理解為詩(shī)人所在國(guó)度所在民族里，鬼怪、幽靈是與人親和的，帶來吉祥的，而應(yīng)理解為它的反面。那么，這些面孔如鬼怪、幽靈般顯現(xiàn)，是不是不祥之物？,a,9,My understanding,All the world seems changed. The lovely faces mixed with the depressed faces. And the poet ar

10、ouses a complex of joy and fear which is hard to tell from each other. Of course, in this poem, petals indicate faces. When we mention petals, we also think about smiling or some beautiful thing. 但第二句把人群暗喻為濕漉漉的黑色枝條，把這些面孔暗喻為許多花瓣，其中花瓣之喻，在世界各民族中都應(yīng)是美好的、鮮艷的、親切的，似與鬼怪之喻、幽靈之喻取意相反。也就是說，只看單句不會(huì)有疑慮，兩句放在一起疑竇頓生。,

11、a,10,My understanding,The subway is just like the bough, although it is wet, dark and black, we still should use love and smiling to face them. Actually, Pound wants to tell us a lot of things in this poem, but he does not offer too many details so that we could have a rich imagination from the imag

12、es. 如果把第一句看成被詮釋句，把第二句看成詮釋句，那么詮釋與被詮釋之間齟齬不合，造成讀者試欲溝通詩(shī)作的本意、詩(shī)人的創(chuàng)作真意聯(lián)系的障礙。,a,11,My understanding,Although there just are two lines in this poem, Pound uses a lot of figures of speech. I have mentioned that apparition has two means which is a typical pun. The petals obviously indicate the lovely faces, so

13、 it is a metaphor. And the first line and the second line are using the contrast. With the help of figures of speech, the poem is full of Pounds emotion. 建立不可把捉的思想雕塑，或布置不可見底的思想深淵，讓讀者產(chǎn)生理解的溝坎、陷阱，這就是現(xiàn)代派詩(shī)尤其是意象派詩(shī)的主要特點(diǎn)，也是這首詩(shī)讓廣大讀者難讀難解的主要原因吧。,a,12,My understanding,In a Station of the Metro is not a metrical

14、 poem, but it does not mean there is no musical beauty. Repeating it, you can feel the beauty of music through its repetition of different vowels and consonants, such as /p/ and /au/. Especially the repetition of /e/ in the second line emphasizes its sense of music. 此詩(shī)酷似19世紀(jì)法國(guó)印象主義畫派作品，如反復(fù)誦讀，讀者能勾畫出一幅

15、色彩豐富的畫面。與此同時(shí)也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)詩(shī)歌在音的處理上很巧妙。第一行的p音與第二行的p音遙相呼應(yīng)，但其中一個(gè)只構(gòu)成非重讀音節(jié)；兩行末尾均有au音，只是前者有輔音d，后者沒有。第二行中e音的重復(fù)等都加強(qiáng)了這首短詩(shī)的音樂感。以濕潤(rùn)的黑色樹枝上掛著的花瓣來比喻他眼前所閃現(xiàn)的臉反映出詩(shī)人令人折服的想象力。,a,13,My understanding,When we are talking the theme, we must know some background of this poem. It was written in 1913, the First World War was coming. E

16、veryone at that time is under the horrific shadow of the war. Subway is a microcosm of the whole society. The faces there are like apparition and people are so depressed with helpless.,a,14,My understanding,But the childrens lovely faces let Pound associate the beautiful petal in natural. Although the bough is wet and black, it has the petal