1、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)（二）,Hold住高分,問(wèn)題,攻克,方法,能力,各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成？用法？,1. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成： be/ get +及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞,“It+be+過(guò)去分詞+從句”結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) It is known that.眾所周知 It is suggested that.有人建議 It is believed that.有人相信 It is hoped that.大家希望 It is thought that.大家認(rèn)為 Its suggested that we put the meeting off.,常使用系表結(jié)構(gòu)的詞有： be seated坐著，be hidden躲藏

2、， be lost迷路，be drunk喝醉，be dressed穿著，be devoted to致力于；獻(xiàn)身，be determined決定，be compared比較。,1.當(dāng)break out, take place, go off, run out, give out, give in, work out, come out, come into being, run out, give in, happen, take place等動(dòng)詞表示“發(fā)生；制定”等意思時(shí)。E.g. The plan worked out successfully.,（2）系動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如appear, b

3、e, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。e.g. It sounds good. His plan proved (to be) practical.,哪些情況下主動(dòng)形式可以表被動(dòng)意義？,1. 表示主語(yǔ)特征、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞wash, clean, cook, iron, cut, sell, read, wear, draw, write等且?guī)钫Z(yǔ)修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)。e.g. The book sells well. This coat dries easi

4、ly.,2.be to blame(受譴責(zé))，be to rent（出租）也用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。e.g. I was to blame for the accident. 3.在want, need, require, want, worth, deserve后的動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 e.g. These flowers want/require/need watering.,4. 在“be + 形容詞 + to do”中，不定式與主語(yǔ)或被修飾名詞是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,用主動(dòng)形式 。 This kind of water isnt fit to drink. The girl isnt

5、easy to get along with. This is a hard question to answer.,5少數(shù)動(dòng)詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，如print,cook,fry,hang,build,make。E.g. The books are printing. The meat is cooking.,6 常見(jiàn)的有：under control(受控制)；under treatment(在治療中)；under repair(在修理中)；under discussion(在討論中)；under construction(在施工中);beyond belief(令人難以置信)

6、；beyond ones reach(鞭長(zhǎng)莫及);beyond ones control(無(wú)法控制)；beyond our hope(我們始料不及)；,for sale(出售)；for rent(出租)；in print(在印刷中)；in sight(在視野范圍內(nèi))；on sale(出售)；on show(展出)；on trial(受審)；out of control(控制不了)；out of sight(超出視線之外)；out of ones reach(夠不著)；out of fashion(不流行)。,The rumor is beyond belief(=cant be believed). His honest character is above all praise.(=His honest character cannot be praised enough.) Today some treasures are on show (=are being shown) in the museum.,7.不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)：fit,have,wish,cost,agree with,arrive at/in,shake hands with,succeed in,suffer from,take part i