1、上海市初中英語教學(xué)基本詞匯表詞 性 轉(zhuǎn) 換 一 覽 表 （增補(bǔ)版）組別單詞詞性釋義1actv.n.扮演；表演行動activeadj.積極的；主動的activityn.活動actorn.男演員actressn.女演員2ableadj.有能力的abilityn.能力enablev. 使能夠，使有能力3accurateadj.準(zhǔn)確的accuratelyadv.準(zhǔn)確地4addv.加上additionn.加；增加5agen.年齡agedadj.有之年歲的6aloneadj.adv.單獨(dú)的單獨(dú)地lonelyadj.孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的7American.美國；美洲Americanadj.n.美國的；美洲的美國人

2、8amusementn.娛樂；消遣；娛樂活動amusingadj.引起樂趣的9angryadj.生氣的；憤怒的angrilyadv.生氣地；憤怒地10appearv.出現(xiàn)disappearv.消失11artn.藝術(shù)artistn.藝術(shù)家；畫家12attractv.吸引attractiveadj.有吸引力的13Australian.澳大利亞Australianadj.n.澳大利亞的澳大利亞人14badadj.糟糕的；可惜的；壞的；嚴(yán)重的worseadj.更糟糕的；更可惜的；更壞的；更嚴(yán)重的worstadj.最糟糕的；最可惜的；最壞的；最嚴(yán)重的15basen.根據(jù)地，基地；基礎(chǔ)basicadj.基

3、本的；基礎(chǔ)的16beautifuladj.美麗的beautifullyadv.優(yōu)美地17beginv.開始；著手beginningn.開始；開端18brightadj.明亮的；聰明的brightlyadv.明亮地19Britainn.英國Britishn.adj.英國人英國的20buildv.建造；建筑buildingn.建筑物；大樓rebuildv.重建21busyadj.忙的businessn.商業(yè)；生意businessmann.商人businesswomann.女商人22Canadan.加拿大Canadianadj.n.加拿大的加拿大人23caren.v.小心；關(guān)心；照管小心；關(guān)心；照管

4、carefuladj.小心的；仔細(xì)的carefullyadv.小心地；仔細(xì)地24causen.v.原因使產(chǎn)生；引起becauseconj.因?yàn)?5certainadj.一定的；有把握的certainlyadv.一定；無疑；是的；當(dāng)然；好26changev.n.改變；更改；兌零錢變化；找頭；零錢changeableadj.易變的；可變的27chemicaladj.n.化學(xué)的化學(xué)物質(zhì)chemistryn.化學(xué)28Chinan.中國Chinesen.adj.中國人；漢語中國的29choosev.選擇choicen.選擇30cityn.城市citizenn.公民；居民；市民31clearadj.v.清

5、晰的；明亮的；清楚的打掃；清掃；（天氣）放晴clearlyadv.清晰地；明亮地；清楚地32cloudn.云cloudyadj.多云的；陰天的33collectv.收集；采集collectionn.收集34coverv.n.覆蓋；遮蓋；掩蓋蓋子；罩；封面discoverv.35crossv.穿過acrossprep.穿過；橫過36completeadj.v.完成的，完整的，完全的完成，結(jié)束completelyadv.完全地，完整地37cyclev.騎車bicyclen.自行車38dangern.危險(xiǎn)dangerousadj.危險(xiǎn)的39dayn.（一）天，（一）日；白天dailyadj.adv.

6、n.每日的；日常的每天日報(bào)40diev.死deadadj.死的；無生命的deathn.死亡41decidev.決定；下決心decisionn.決定42dependv.依靠，依賴；取決于independentadj.獨(dú)立的；有主見的43developv.發(fā)展；開發(fā)；培養(yǎng)developmentn.發(fā)展44differentadj.不同的；差異的differencen.區(qū)別45difficultadj.困難的；艱難的difficultyn.困難46discussv.討論discussionn.討論47drivev.駕駛；驅(qū)趕drivern.駕駛員；司機(jī)48easyadj.容易的；不費(fèi)力的easily

7、adv.容易地49educationn.教育educationaladj.教育的50electricityn.電electricadj.電的51enginen.引擎；發(fā)動機(jī)engineern.工程師52Englandn.英格蘭Englishn.adj.英國人；英語英國的；英語的53enjoyv.欣賞；享有；喜歡enjoyableadj.使人愉快的；使人歡樂的54enterv.進(jìn)入；參加entrancen.入口55examn.考試；測試；檢查examinev.檢查；細(xì)查；對進(jìn)行考試56excitedadj.興奮的excitingadj.使人興奮的57expensen.花費(fèi)；費(fèi)用expensive

8、adj.昂貴的58farmn.農(nóng)場；農(nóng)莊farmern.農(nóng)民，農(nóng)夫59favourn.恩惠favouriteadj.最喜愛的60finaladj.最后的；最終的finallyadv.最終，最后61fishn.v.魚；魚肉釣魚；捕魚fisherman(復(fù)數(shù)：fishermen)n.漁夫，漁民62firen.v.火；火爐；火災(zāi)開火，開（槍，炮等），射擊firemann.消防隊(duì)員63flyv.飛；飛行；乘飛機(jī)旅行flightn.飛行64followv.聽從followingadj.下列的65fooln.v.傻子愚弄；欺騙foolishadj.愚蠢的；傻的66foreignadj.外國的foreign

9、ern.外國人67forgetv.忘記；忘掉forgetfuladj.健忘的68Francen.法國Frenchadj.n.法國的，法國人的；法語的法國人；法語69friendn.朋友friendlyadj.朋友般的；友好的friendshipn.友誼70frightenv.使害怕frightenedadj.受驚嚇的；吃驚的frighteningadj.恐怖的71freeadj.自由的freedomn.自由72freezev.結(jié)冰freezingadj.凍結(jié)的；極冷的frozenadj.冰凍的73fillv.裝滿；注滿fulladj.滿的74funn.樂趣；趣事；玩笑funnyadj.滑稽的；

10、可笑的75generaladj.大體的，籠統(tǒng)的，總的generallyadv.一般地，普通地76gentleadj.溫柔的gentlyadv.輕柔的77Germanyn.德國Germann.adj.德國人；德語德國的（復(fù)數(shù)：Germans）78goldn.金；黃金goldenadj.金色的79goodadj.好的；良好的betteradj.更好的bestadj.最好的80happyadj.幸福的；快樂的happilyadv.幸福地；快樂地81healthn.健康healthyadj.健康的unhealthyadj.不健康的82hotadj.熱的heatn.v.熱度；熱量加熱83heavyadj

11、.重的heavilyadv.沉重地；大量地84highadj.高的heightn.高度85helpn.v.幫助幫助helpfuladj.有幫助的；有益的86historyn.歷史historicaladj.歷史的；歷史上87homen.adv.家家；在家；回家homelessadj.無家可歸的88honestadj.誠實(shí)的；正直的honestyn.誠實(shí)dishonestadj.不誠實(shí)的89hungryadj.饑餓的hungrilyadv.饑餓地90illadj.有病的；不健康的illnessn.病；疾病91importantadj.重要的importancen.重要性92indooradj.室

12、內(nèi)的outdooradj.戶外的93insideprep.adv.在里面；在之內(nèi)之內(nèi)；在里面，在內(nèi)部outsideprep.adv.在外邊在外94interestn.興趣；趣味interestedadj.感興趣的interestingadj.有趣的；有意思的95inventv.發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造inventionn.發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造；發(fā)明物inventorn.發(fā)明者，發(fā)明家96invitev.邀請invitationn.邀請；請柬97Italyn.意大利Italiann.adj.意大利人；意大利語意大利的；意大利語的98Japann.日本Japanesen.adj.日本人；日語日本的99kindadj.友好

13、的；和善的kindnessn.仁慈；好意100knowv.了解；知道；認(rèn)識knowledgen.知識101lateadj.adv.晚的；遲的晚；遲lateradv.后來；以后102lawn.法律lawyern.律師103longadj.長的lengthn.長度104libraryn.圖書館librariann.圖書管理員105likev.喜歡dislikev.不喜歡106likeprep.像likelyadj.很可能發(fā)生的；有希望的107littleadj.少量的lessadj.更少的leastadj.最小的108livev.居??；活著；生存；生活aliveadj.活著的（作表語）109loc

14、atev.確定的地點(diǎn)；把設(shè)置在localadj.當(dāng)?shù)氐?；地方的locationn.位置；場所110loudadj.響亮的；大聲的loudlyadv.大聲地111lovev.n.愛；熱愛；喜歡愛；熱愛；喜歡lovelyadj.可愛的；好看的；美好的112luckn.幸運(yùn)；運(yùn)氣luckyadj.幸運(yùn)的；吉祥的luckilyadv.幸運(yùn)地；僥幸地113mainadj.主要的mainlyadv.主要地114managev.管理；處理；經(jīng)營managern.經(jīng)理115medicinen.藥medicaladj.醫(yī)學(xué)的；醫(yī)療的116meetv.碰見；遇見；會見；迎接；滿足meetingn.會；集會117m

15、emoryn.記憶memorizev.記住118mixv.混合mixturen.混合物119many/muchadj.許多的moreadj.更多的mostadj.最多的120motorn.電動機(jī)；馬達(dá)motorcyclen.摩托車121nationn.民族nationaladj.民族的；國家的；全國性的nationalityn.國籍internationaladj.國際的122naturen.大自然naturaladj.大自然的；自然的123nearprep.adj.在附近；靠近近的；附近的nearbyadj.adv.附近的在附近124needn.v.需要；必要需要necessaryadj.必

16、要的；必須的125noisen.聲音；響聲；噪聲noisyadj.嘈雜的；喧鬧的126oldadj.年老的；古老的；舊的elderadj.年齡較大的；前輩的127officen.辦公室officern.官員；辦事員officialadj.n.官方的；官員的官員128operatev.施行手術(shù)；開刀operationn.手術(shù)129organizev.組織organizationn.組織；團(tuán)體；機(jī)構(gòu)130ownv.adj.n.擁有；所有自己的屬于自己的東西ownern.擁有者；物主131paintv.n.（用顏料的）畫；繪涂料；顏料paintern.畫家；繪畫者；漆工paintingn.畫；油畫；

17、水彩畫132personn.人personaladj.個人的，私人的133physicsn.物理physicaladj.物理的；身體的134pleasuren.愉快；高興pleasedadj.感到高興的；感到滿意的pleasantadj.令人愉快的135pollutev.污染pollutionn.污染136possibleadj.可能的；可能發(fā)生的possiblyadv.可能地；也許impossibleadj.不可能的137powern.v.電源；力量；能源提供動力powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的138producev.生產(chǎn)；產(chǎn)生；制造productn.產(chǎn)品139quickadj.快的；迅速的q

18、uicklyadv.快地；迅速地140quietadj.安靜的quietlyadv.安靜地141rainn.v.雨；雨水下雨rainyadj.有雨的；多雨的142realadj.真的；真正的reallyadv.真正地；確實(shí)realizev.認(rèn)識到；意識到；實(shí)現(xiàn)143recentadj.最近的；近來的recentlyadv.最近；新近；近來144recordn.v.記錄；唱片；錄了音的磁帶記錄；將（聲音，景象等）錄下recordern.錄音機(jī)145reportv.n.報(bào)告；匯報(bào)報(bào)告；匯報(bào)；成績單reportern.記者146reviewv.復(fù)習(xí)revisionn.復(fù)習(xí)147robv.搶奪，搶劫r

19、obberyn.搶劫148sadadj.悲傷的；使人悲傷的sadlyadv.難過地；悲傷地149safeadj.n.安全的；平安的保險(xiǎn)柜safelyadv.安全地；平安地safetyn.安全150sayv.說；講sayingn.諺語；俗語；格言151sciencen.科學(xué)；自然科學(xué)scientistn.科學(xué)家152secondadj.第二的；次要的secondaryadj.中等的；第二的153secretn.秘密secretaryn.秘書154seriousadj.嚴(yán)重的seriouslyadv.嚴(yán)肅地；嚴(yán)重地155servev.為服務(wù)servicen.服務(wù)；公用事業(yè)156shortadj.短

20、的；矮的shortsn.短褲157slowadj.慢的；緩慢的slowlyadv.慢地；緩慢地158snown.v.雪下雪snowyadj.多雪的；下雪的159softadj.軟的softlyadv.溫柔地160solvev.解決；解答solutionn.解決（方法）；解答161speakv.說話；講話speechn.說話；講話；演講162successn.成功succeedv.獲得成功；達(dá)到目的successfuladj.成功的163suggestv.建議，提議suggestionn.建議，提議164sunn.太陽；陽光sunnyadj.陽光充足的；晴朗的165surprisen.v.驚奇使

21、驚奇surprisedadj.感到驚奇的166teachv.教；教書teachern.教師；教員167tellv.告訴；講述；吩咐retellv.復(fù)述168thankv.n.感謝；謝謝感謝；謝謝thankfuladj.感激的169thinkv.想；思考；認(rèn)為；考慮thoughtn.思想，想法170togetheradv.一起altogetheradv.總共；總計(jì)171tourn.旅行；觀光touristn.游客；旅行者172traditionn.傳統(tǒng)traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的173trueadj.真的；真實(shí)的truthn.真理；真相174usualadj.通常的unusualadj.

22、不尋常的，異常的usuallyadv.通常；經(jīng)常175usev.n.使用；運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用用途；用法usefuladj.有用的；有益的176varietyn.種種，種類variousadj.各種各樣的，不同的177visitv.n.參觀；訪問；拜訪參觀；訪問；拜訪visitorn.參觀者；訪問者178waitv.等；等候waitern.侍者；服務(wù)員waitressn.女侍者；女服務(wù)員179weighv.稱的重量；重weightn.重量180welladv.adj.好；令人滿意地；完全地健康的betteradv.更好地bestadv.最好地181westn.西；西方westernadj.西方的182w

23、ideadj.寬闊的；廣泛的widelyadv.寬闊地；廣泛地widenv.拓寬183windn.風(fēng)windyadj.有風(fēng)的；刮風(fēng)的184winv.獲勝；贏得winnern.獲勝者185wiseadj.明智的，聰明的wisdomn.智慧，才智186wondern.奇跡；奇觀wonderfuladj.極好的；精彩的187woodn.木頭woodenadj.木（質(zhì)）的188workv.n.工作；干活；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)動工作；勞動；（要做的）事情workern.工人189woundn.創(chuàng)傷；傷woundedadj.受傷的190writev.書寫；寫信；寫作；著作writern.作家191onenum.一；一

24、個onceadv.一次192twonum.二；兩twiceadv.兩次；兩倍其 他 須 掌 握 的 詞 性 轉(zhuǎn) 換1 基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞下列數(shù)詞應(yīng)背出one firsttwo secondthree thirdfive fiftheight eighthnine ninthtwelve twelfthtwenty twentieththirty thirtiethforty-one forty-first2 形容詞、副詞的比較級與最高級規(guī)則small smaller smallestbig bigger biggestgentle gentler gentlestheavy heavier hea

25、viestbeautiful more beautiful most beautifulslowly more slowly most slowly不規(guī)則good/well better bestbad/badly/ill worse worstfar farther/further farthest/furthestmuch/many more mostlittle less leastold older/elder oldest/eldest3 名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式規(guī)則girl girlsboy boysbus busesbox boxesdish disheswatch watchesfact

26、ory factoriescountry countriesknife knivesscarf scarvesGerman GermansAmerican Americans不規(guī)則man menwoman womenpoliceman policemenfoot feettooth teethfish fishChinese ChineseJapanese Japaneseman driver men driverswoman teacher women teachers4 各人稱的不同代詞形式 類別人稱人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一人稱單數(shù)Imemyminemyself復(fù)

27、數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱單數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselves詞性轉(zhuǎn)換專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1 Are you _ (ability) to complete this plan in three days?2 Im sure that you have the _ (able) to complete it in three days.

28、3 A: Would you like to be an _ (act)?B:No, Id like to be a policeman.4 The award for this years best _ (act) went to Meryl Streep (梅麗爾斯特里普).5 The school offers many after-school _ (act) for the students.6 Mrs Brown is over 80 now but she is still quite _ (act).7 In _ (add) to an album, I gave him a

29、pen and a pencil.8 The little girl has begun to learn to _ (addition) and subtract.9 Although the boy is _ (age) five, he is able to help his mum with the housework.10 I have a younger sister and she is about your _ (aged).11 If you compare British football with _ (America) football youll find many

30、differences.12 I visited a few campuses when I was in _ (American).13 Dont be _ (angrily). We are just fooling.14 She slammed the telephone down _ (angry).15 Did you see my wallet? It has _ (appear) from the table.16 The report about that famous singer killing people will _ (disappear) in tomorrows

31、newspapers.17 Its really interesting to see so many _ (baby) in the baby-care centre in the hospital.18 These _ (army) will be sent to that country to keep it in peaceful order.19 Do you know that _ (art) over there? It is said that he is 104 years old.20 Im not interested in _ (artist) at all. Shal

32、l we change a topic and talk about music?21 The famous Disneyland park in Hong Kong _ (attraction) millions of tourists every year.22 There are so many _ (attract) in Hong Kong Disneyland Park that millions of tourists visit there every year.23 Fashions are really an _ (attract) to me. I cant help b

33、uying the latest fashions.24 That model showed us a quite _ (attract), blue, silk dress.25 If you want to visit _ (Australian), Id suggest you go to the Great Ocean Road.26 The _ (Australia) company helped the local people build a new charity school here.27 I have never seen a _ (bad) film before.28

34、 That is the _ (bad) film I have ever seen.29 At the _ (begin) the film, I couldnt understand what it was about.30 Leaves _ (beginning) to fall down from trees when autumn comes.31 The sun shines _ (bright) high in the sky.32 The classroom isnt _ (brightly) enough for students to study in.33 I could

35、nt forget the weeks that I had spent in _ (British). It is really a country with mysterious history.34 If you enjoy sweet food, you will prefer these _ (Britain) candies. Theyre nice but too sweet for me.35 It is said that they will _ (build) the tower next year. The old one will be broken down next

36、 month.36 Have you visited the Shanghai Commercial Centre the tallest _ (build) in Shanghai yet?37 Why are you as _ (business) as a bee these days?38 That company does _ (busy) with some factories in Africa.39 Simon would like to be a _ (business) when he grows up.40 Do you know Linda, that successf

37、ul _ (business) in our city?41 _ (Canadian) is also called the Country of Maple Leaf.42 Can you get any _ (Canada) products in Shanghai? They dont seem very popular here.43 Someone _ (Canada) will visit our school this coming Friday.44 When you try to hold a kitten, take it up _ (careful).45 The mot

38、her held her baby with _ (careful).46 I am always _ (care) when crossing the roads.47 What was the _ (because) of the accident?48 John didnt attend the meeting _ (cause) he was ill.49 I was _ (certainly) that he had seen me.50 May I use you bicycle? _ (certain).51 Many _ (changeable) have taken plac

39、e since then.52 The weather is so _ (change) at this of year.53 The _ (chemistry) symbol for copper is Cu.54 We have three periods of _ (chemical) this week.55 _ (China) people are working hard to make the country richer and more beautiful.56 _ (Chinese) is an oriental country with a long history.57

40、 The shop has a wide _ (choose) of hats.58 You may do as you _ (choice).59 Have you _ (choice) what you want for your birthday?60 He spoke so _ (clear) that I could hear every word.61 He said she was a lady with a _ (clearly) mind.62 The sky became suddenly covered with dark _ (cloudy).63 The sky wa

41、s _ (cloud), so I took my umbrella.64 Before you begin to make a speech, you should _ (collection) your thoughts and ideas.65 He has a very good _ (collect) of foreign coins.66 The celebration of Christmas is a _ (customer).67 The _ (custom) will go to law for the bad service.68 I am unable to _ (bi

42、cycle) to school because my bike is broken.69 He lost control of his _ (cycle) and fell down.70 It is _ (danger) to walk on thin ice in a lake.71 The wounded policeman is now out of _ (dangerous).72 His secret _ (dead) with him, for he never told anyone.73 There was a _ (die) silence after the annou

43、ncement.74 Car accident caused many _ (die).75 Who made the _ (decide) to go fishing?76 As to where to go, they havent _ (decision) yet.77 The builders are _ (development) that part of the city.78 This is an important stage in our countrys _ (develop).79 Can you tell the _ (different) between an ape

44、 and a monkey?80 My husband has several shirts of _ (difference) colors.81 He finished the work without any _ (difficult).82 Mathematics is _ (difficulty) for some students.83 We will _ (discussion) the proposal at the meeting.84 We had a _ (discuss) on language and communication.85 The bus _ (drive) asked the passengers to buy tickets.86 It is dangerous to _ (driver) after drinking.87 You can find books _ (easy) in this library.88 The rich young woman has an _ (easily) life.89 It was the most _ (education) experience I had ever had.90 The governmen