1、六選五的解題策略1從意思上判斷在做題時(shí)最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然后根據(jù)意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項(xiàng)中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，再利用線索特征詞等進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案。2.從詞匯上鎖定線索做題時(shí)很重要的一點(diǎn)是保持對(duì)一些線索詞的敏感，最主要的線索特征詞是空白前后的名詞和動(dòng)詞，尋找答案時(shí)注意在選項(xiàng)中查找同義詞、近義詞、反義詞或表示同一類事物的詞語等。其次是代詞、數(shù)詞、表示時(shí)間/年代的詞、地點(diǎn)/名稱等專有名詞等。尤其是在讀不懂句子的情況下，利用這樣的線索詞尋找答案是很有效的方法。3.從關(guān)聯(lián)詞上查找由于英語的句段之間經(jīng)常會(huì)運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)詞表示銜接和過渡，使文章邏輯更清楚和連貫，

2、因此文章中和選項(xiàng)中表示各種邏輯關(guān)系的路標(biāo)性信號(hào)詞在選擇答案時(shí)都是很重要的線索。在做題時(shí)可將這三個(gè)層面的線索很好地結(jié)合起來。常見的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有下面這些:(a)并列與遞進(jìn)關(guān)系:and, or, also，neithernor,eitheror, in the same way, that is to say ,as well as, the same as, besides, moreover, in addition to ,what is more(b)因果關(guān)系:because, for, since, as, therefore, so, sothat, thanks to, as a resu

3、lt, because of, in that, for this reason, of course(c)轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系:but, however, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, rather than, instead of, it is true that, of course, although, though, even though, even if(d)時(shí)間關(guān)系:at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with，in

4、 the mean time, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with以及一些具體的時(shí)間。4. 根據(jù)試題所在的不同位置確定不同的解題策略如果問題在段首:段首設(shè)空通常有兩種情況：通常是段落的主題。需要閱讀后文的內(nèi)容，找出關(guān)鍵詞，推斷出主題。段落間的過渡句。需要瞻前顧后找提示，結(jié)合上下兩段的內(nèi)容，選出能將兩段內(nèi)容連接起來的答案。 (a)通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。(b)與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定

5、線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞。通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句間會(huì)有某種的銜接手段。(c)段落間的過渡句。這時(shí)要前瞻后望找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。設(shè)空段中 針對(duì)文中設(shè)空的題，考生需要聯(lián)系上句或者下句所講的內(nèi)容，結(jié)合邏輯和常識(shí)找出相臨近兩句之間的關(guān)系(遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、并列關(guān)系、順承關(guān)系等)或者聯(lián)系點(diǎn)(相同/近的關(guān)鍵詞)，從而選出正確答案。如果問題在段尾:3. 設(shè)空段尾 段尾句通常是結(jié)論或概括性語句，所選擇的句子與上文是轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比或排比關(guān)系，或者所選

6、答案能引出下一段的內(nèi)容。解答此類試題時(shí)注意在選項(xiàng)中找表結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)性的關(guān)鍵詞。 具體如下： 對(duì)空格前12句重點(diǎn)閱讀，鎖定關(guān)鍵詞； 句子是段落性、概括性的語句時(shí)，需要查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等標(biāo)志詞匯，如：therefore, as a result, thus, in short, in a word等。此外，選項(xiàng)也可能出現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句； 在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)時(shí)，那么需要還原的句子可能是承接或引出下一段內(nèi)容，與前文有并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比、排比等關(guān)系。(a)空白前的一句或兩句是重點(diǎn)語句，重點(diǎn)閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。(b)通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞

7、，如therefore, as a result, in a word等詞語，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。(c)與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系。(d)與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，要特別注意閱讀這樣相連的兩句，通常會(huì)找到關(guān)鍵的線索詞句。(e)所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段開頭是否有一定的銜接。認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來。(f)如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題。通常文章第一段要提

8、出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來，正確答案中應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。秘技1：7選選5 考點(diǎn)類型 空白處通常設(shè)置在文章的標(biāo)題、段首、段中、段尾四個(gè)位置，針對(duì)不同的設(shè)空有不同的解題技巧。 秘技2： 答題步驟 1.先看選項(xiàng)，劃出關(guān)鍵詞并翻譯關(guān)鍵詞（主要是名詞，動(dòng)詞）。2.再看文章，由空前空后得出句子之間的邏輯聯(lián)系。3.代入選項(xiàng)，檢驗(yàn)是否正確。 秘技3： 解題方法和技巧 1.選標(biāo)題2.選段首句3.選段中句4.選段尾句1.選標(biāo)題 標(biāo)題的句式不長(zhǎng)，總結(jié)歸納全文主旨大意。如果是小標(biāo)題，那么和其他小標(biāo)題的句式一致，并闡述本段的主旨大意2.選段首句 通常是段落的主題句，通過分析段落中心意

9、思和一些共有的關(guān)鍵詞（重復(fù)詞）進(jìn)行判斷。 3.選段中句 （1）注意空前空后的句子，這些句子與句子之間，必然有聯(lián)系。因此可以通過選項(xiàng)中某個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞跟空前空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來確定這兩個(gè)句子之間的關(guān)系，從而選擇正確的答案。（2）注意連詞 轉(zhuǎn)折連詞：but,however,while,yet,though,although,evenif并列連詞：and,also,aswellas,neithernor,eitheror, notonlybutalso，ononehandontheotherhand 因果連詞：果therefore,so,asaresult 因because,for,since,a

10、s,thanksto,becauseof 時(shí)間順序：firstly,secondly,thirdly,firstofall,besides,whatsmore，then, atlast,finally 解釋關(guān)系：inotherwords,thatistosay,thatmeans,infact,suchas （3）注意代詞（4）it4.選段尾句 段尾句可能為（1）全文或段落的總結(jié)（2）承上啟下的句子。“六選五”選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)該題型的選項(xiàng)大致可分為三類: 主旨概括句(文章整體內(nèi)容); 過渡性句子(文章結(jié)構(gòu)); 注釋性句子(上下文邏輯意義)。那么，另外一個(gè)多余的干擾項(xiàng)就可以通過這三個(gè)特點(diǎn)來排除。例如:主

11、旨概括句要么過于寬泛要么以偏概全或偏離主題，過渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，注釋性句子與上文脫節(jié)等。第三節(jié)語篇補(bǔ)全【考情概覽】 此題型為長(zhǎng)沙2018新增題型，其特點(diǎn)如下： 形式：5選4文體：說明文話題：咨詢建議段落：5詞數(shù)： 150生詞量：5 備選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：均為整句，一個(gè)多余選項(xiàng)，4個(gè)陳述句；1個(gè)感嘆 句；每句詞數(shù)310詞。 設(shè)空位置：段首、段中和段尾均有，其中，1個(gè)小題段首設(shè)空、2 個(gè)段中設(shè)空、1個(gè)段尾設(shè)空。 1. 通常在閱讀文章之前，應(yīng)首先閱讀所給備選項(xiàng)，對(duì)備選項(xiàng)有個(gè)大致的 了解，以便在閱讀時(shí)將其與文章內(nèi)容初步關(guān)聯(lián)。2. 考生能理解事件發(fā)展順序或文章的邏輯順序以及段落中各句子之間的 邏輯關(guān)

12、系。此處所指各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系可分為：并列、順序、層 遞、轉(zhuǎn)折、總分、解釋、因果等關(guān)系。 3. 復(fù)核答案。選出答案后，將答案填入空格處，再次閱讀文章，檢查 所填句子是否符合語境，前后句邏輯關(guān)系是否對(duì)應(yīng)等。 Happinessisforeveryone.Youdontneedtocareaboutthosepeoplewhohavebeautifulhouseswithlargegardensandswimmingpoolsor1._andsoon.Why?Becausethosewhohavebighousesmayoftenfeellonelyandthosewhohavecarsmayw

13、anttowalkonthecountryroadsattheirfreetime. Infact,happinessisalwaysaroundyouifyouputyourheartintoit.2._Whenyoustudyhardatyourlessons,yourparentsarealwaystakinggoodcareofyourlifeandyourhealth.Whenyougetsuccess,yourfriendswillsaycongratulationstoyou.Whenyoudosomethingwrong,peoplearoundyouwillhelpyouto

14、correctit.3._Alltheseareyourhappiness.Ifyounoticeabitofthem,youcanseethathappinessisalwaysaroundyou. Happinessisnotthesameasmoney.Itisafeelingofyourheart.Whenyouarepoor,youcanalsosayyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavesomethingelsethatcantbeboughtwithmoney.4._,becauseyouhavemorechancestochallengeyourself.

15、Soyoucannotalwayssayyouarepoorandyouhavebadluck.Asthesayinggoes,lifeislikearevolving(旋轉(zhuǎn)的)door.Whenitcloses,italsoopens.5._.A.Whenyouareintroubleatschool,yourfriendswillhelpyouB.Ifyoutakeeverychanceyouget,youcanbeahappyandluckypersonC.thosewhohavenicecarsandalotofmoney D.Andwhenyoudosomethinggoodtoot

16、hers,youwillfeelhappy,tooE.thosewhohavenohouses F.Whenyoumeetwithdifficulties,youcangivethemupandbehappyG.Whenyoumeetwithdifficulties,youcansayloudlyyouareveryhappyItsimportanttolearnhowwecanprotecttheenvironment.Hereare5Rrulesforus. ReduceIfyouwanttoreducewaste,youshouldusethingsmorewisely.1 Ifever

17、yoneusespapercarelessly,soonwewouldnothaveanytreesleft.Otherthingsarealsobeingwasted,andpeopledontknowwhattodowiththewasteinbigcities.Soitisnecessarytoreducetheamountofwasteweproduce. ReuseYoushouldalwaysthinkofreusingthingsbeforethrowingthemout.Forexample,2 .Inafamily,youmaypassonsuchclothestoyoung

18、erbrothersorsisters. RecycleBottles,cansandpapercaneasilyberecycled.Bydoingsowesavelotsoftimeandmoney.Forexample,3 Themetalcanbeusedtomakenewcokecans. Recover 4Youhavetwochoices:oneistothrowtheapplesaway,thesecondistothrowtherottenonesandkeepthegoodones.Inthisway,youarerecoveringtheeatablepartsoffoo

19、d. RepairIfoneofthelegsofyourtableisbroken,youshouldrepairit.Ifyouwanttobuysomethingnewerandbetter,itisbetterforyoutoselltheolditem,or5 Learntherulestoprotectourenvironment.Letstryourbesttomaketheearthcleanerandmorebeautiful. A.givetheclothesyoudonotuseortheoneswhicharetoosmalltothepoor.B.cokecansar

20、esenttoafactory,wheretheyaresmashedflatandmelted.C.Alargenumberoftreesarebeingcutdowntomakepaper.D.Thereareplantedeveryyear. E.giveittopeoplewhocanuseitafterrepairingit.F.Dontthrowitawayifyoucanuseit. G.Whenyoubuyaboxofapples,theremaybeafewrottenones.ThreeAppleschangedtheworld.Thefirstoneseduced(誘惑)

21、Eve.ThesecondoneawakenedNewton. 71HerearesomefamouswordsfromSteveJobstoshare.Oncharacter ImtheonlypersonIknowthatslostaquarterofabilliondollarsinoneyear. 72Ongooddesign Thatsbeenoneofmymottosfocusandsimplicity.Simplecanbeharderthancomplex；Youhavetoworkhardtogetyourthinkingcleantomakeitsimple.Butitsw

22、orthitintheendbecauseonceyougetthere，youcanmovemountains.Onhisoutlook 73Goingtobedatnightsayingwevedonesomethingwonderful，thatswhatmatterstome.Onyourworkinglife Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife，andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork. 74Ifyouhaventfoundityet，keeplooki

23、ng.Dontsettle.Ontheimportanceofdeath Noonewantstodie.Evenpeoplewhowanttogotoheavendontwanttodietogetthere. 75Noonehaseverescapedit.Andthatisasitshouldbe，becauseDeathisverylikelythesinglebestinventionoflife.Itislifeschangeagent.Itclearsouttheoldtomakewayforthenew.Rightnowthenewisyou，butsome-daynottoo

24、longfromnow，youwillgraduallybecometheoldandbeclearedaway. A.Itsverycharacter-building. B.ThethirdonewasinthehandsofSteveJobs.C.Thisisnotaone-manshow. D.Andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.E.Andyetdeathisthedestinationweallshare.F.Itsreallyhardtodesignproductsbyfocusgroups.G.Beingtherichestma

25、ninthecemeterydoesntmattertome.Annoying Mobile Phone UsersWhat really annoys (使不悅) me most about modern life is the way some people use their mobile phones._ l _ However, there are some people who just dont care about other people s feeling when they use a phone. These mobile phone users make life p

26、ainful for the rest(其余的) of us. Let s divide these users into groups.The first group are those people who shout on the phone, especially in enclosed places like trains or lifts . 2 It isnt necessary._3 Some ringtones( 鈴聲) are truly unpleasant ( 讓人討厭的)- a loud,electronic version (版本) of Beethoven wit

27、h a hip hop (嘻哈樂 ) beat, for example. Thisis especially annoying in the cinema.The third group of people who annoy me are those who have to walk around while they speak. 4Finally, the worst group are people who take a phone call while you are in a conversation with them. This is very impolite in my

28、opinion.I would like to tell all the above mobile phone users: You think you look cool and important talking on your mobile all the time._ 5A. But believe me you dont!B. Next are those with annoying ringtones.C. I dont know why they have to talk so loudly.D This group of people keep talking on the p

29、hone.E. I have no idea where they get the noisy ringtones.F. They stand in the way just when you want to get past.G. The mobile phone is an important part of life for most of us.How to make friends at a new schoolStarting with a new school can be difficult. Everything seems to be different, and you

30、don t even know where to go for your own classes._ 1 However, if you use these skills, you can quickly make friends.Be yourself._2 _ If some people don t accept you, they re not the kind of friends you need. People often stay together because they have similar interests. For example, someone who does a lot of sports may make friends with those who also run