1、最新資料推薦初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題 -副詞一、副詞定義：1. 用來(lái)說(shuō)明事情或動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式等含義的詞2. 用來(lái)說(shuō)明其它形容詞或副詞程度的詞二、副詞的分類(lèi)副詞按詞匯意義和句法功能可分為時(shí)間副詞、地點(diǎn)副詞、頻度副詞、程度副詞、方式副詞、疑問(wèn)副詞、連接副詞、關(guān)系副詞等。初中主要學(xué)習(xí)和掌握頻度副詞、方式副詞、時(shí)間副詞、地點(diǎn)副詞即可?？键c(diǎn)一副詞的分類(lèi)與位置1、表頻率的副詞常見(jiàn)的頻率副詞有： always,often,usually,sometimes,never,ever,hardly,seldom它.們一般在行為動(dòng)詞之前，系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞之后，. He always goesto

2、school on foot. She has never been to Beijing. She is often late for work.2、表示方式的副詞與方式相關(guān)的副詞，如safely,quietly,quickly ，politelyloudly ， luckily，happily，easily ，carefully，slowly， suddenly 以及 fast,late,hard,early 等。此類(lèi)副詞位于動(dòng)詞之后，如果是及物動(dòng)詞一般位于賓語(yǔ)之后。 The children are dancing happily. They work hard. The student

3、s did their homework carefully.3程度副詞與程度相關(guān)的副詞有：very , much , only,quite , as, too, too for, too to do,well, almost, even, a little ,enough , rather, a lot , so,such , badly, nearly , further , really , widely , hardly , a bit等。它們一般位于被修飾的詞前面，但enough 要放在被修飾的詞后面。 I can hardly know her name. The cake is

4、so delicious He was badly hurt .1最新資料推薦 He worked hard enough.4表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方向的副詞（ 1）與時(shí)間相關(guān)的副詞有 : ago ,already, before, early, long, late, just, now, once, soon,since, today, tomorrow ,tonight ,yesterday, yet 等。它們通常位于句末，有些也可位于句中如：already 等。 Theyll come back soon. They have finished the work already.=They h

5、ave already finished the work.（ 2）與地點(diǎn)、方向相關(guān)的副詞經(jīng)常位于動(dòng)詞之后與動(dòng)詞搭配構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。outside, inside , upstair ,here ,there ,home, near, come back , turn left , go out三、副詞的考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) 1、副詞的用法和位置1).修飾動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)，位于動(dòng)詞后。 He walked quietly into his bedroom. It is raining hard .2).修飾形容詞作狀語(yǔ)，位于形容詞前。 You have a very nice watch. The machine

6、 is too heavy.3).修飾另一副詞作狀語(yǔ)，位于另一副詞前。You walked too slowly, I couldn t wait for you.4）有時(shí)候也修飾整個(gè)句子Unfortunately ， he was out.考點(diǎn) 2、副詞的構(gòu)成：（ 1） 多數(shù)形容詞 +ly 變成副詞 . 大多數(shù)副詞以 ly 結(jié)尾recent -recentlysad sadlyslow-slowlyclearclearlyfinal finallyreal reallykind- -kindly,careful-carefully,Silent-silentlypeaceful-peacef

7、ullySafe-safely（ 2）以輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾的形容詞需改y 為 i 加 ly 變成副詞happy-happily,heavy- heavily, easy- easily,lucky- luckily,angry-angrily,(3)形容詞不去e 加 ly 變來(lái)的副詞polite-politely,wide-widely,Safe-safely,extreme- extremely(4)形容詞需去e 加 ly 變來(lái)的副詞2最新資料推薦True - Truly,gentle -gently,comfortable- comfortablypossible-possiblysimp

8、le -simplyterrible-terribly特殊： good（形容詞） well （副詞）好地(well adj身體健康的 )考點(diǎn) 3、副詞的比較等級(jí)副詞的比較等級(jí)構(gòu)成1.規(guī)則變化類(lèi)別構(gòu)成方法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)一般在詞尾加er 或 esthardharderhardest以 e 結(jié)尾的只加 r 或 stwidewiderwidest單音節(jié)詞一輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾的，先變y 為 i,再加 er 或 est:early-earlier-earliest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙加 more，mostcarefullyusefully more carefullymost carefully音節(jié)詞mor

9、e usefullymost usefully注意：形容詞最高級(jí)前必須加定冠詞the，但是副詞最高級(jí)前則可要可不要。2.不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstmuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarthest(最遠(yuǎn) )farfarther( 較遠(yuǎn) )further （進(jìn)一步）furthest （最大程度）3.副詞比較等級(jí)的用法1. “（ not） as/so + 副詞原級(jí) + as ”。這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示兩者相似或前者不如后者。例如：You dontget up so/as early as I. 你沒(méi)我起得早。2. “ as + 副

10、詞原級(jí) + as possible/ one can ”。這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示盡可能地做某事。例如：Please get here as soon as possible/you can. 請(qǐng)盡快趕到這兒來(lái)。3. “副詞比較級(jí) + than ”。這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示比對(duì)方強(qiáng)。例如：Mike works more carefully than Jack.邁克工作比杰克細(xì)心。3最新資料推薦4. “ 副詞比較級(jí) + and + ( 同一 )副詞比較級(jí)”。表示越來(lái)越、例如：He ran faster and faster. 他跑得越來(lái)越快。5. “ the + 副詞比較級(jí)， the + 副詞比較級(jí)”。這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示“越

11、、就越、”例如：The better I knew him, the more I like him.我越了解他，就越喜歡他。6. “ 副詞最高級(jí)+ 比較范圍”。這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，比較范圍常為含有介詞in, of或 among 的短語(yǔ)。例如：He studies (the) hardest among the boys.在那群男生里，他學(xué)習(xí)最用功?？键c(diǎn) 4、易錯(cuò)知識(shí)點(diǎn)辨析1.兼有兩種形式的副詞1) close 與 closelyclose 意思是 近 ； closely 意思是 仔細(xì)地 He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.2)late 與 lat

12、elylate 意思是 晚 ； lately 意思是 最近 You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?3)deep 與 deeplydeep 意思是 深 ，表示空間深度；deeply 時(shí)常表示感情上的深度，深深地 He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film.4)high 與 highlyhigh 表示空間高度；highly 表示程度，相當(dāng)于much The plane was flying high. I th

13、ink highly of your opinion.5)wide 與 widelywide 表示空間寬度；widely 意思是 廣泛地 ， 在許多地方 He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.6)free 與 freelyfree 的意思是 免費(fèi) ； freely 的意思是 無(wú)限制地 You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like.2.幾組易混副詞1、 hard 和 hard

14、ly 的區(qū)別(一 )、 hard 可用作形容詞或副詞：1. 當(dāng) hard 用作形容詞時(shí)，意為“困難的、堅(jiān)固的、努力的”等。例如：4最新資料推薦 It s hard for old people to change their ways. Steel is harder than wood.2. 當(dāng) hard 用作副詞時(shí)，意為“努力的、困難的、猛烈地”等。例如： Does Tom work hard at his lessons? It s raining hard outside now. Don t go out.(二 )、 hardly 只能用作副詞，意為“幾乎沒(méi)有、幾乎不”。例如： I

15、can hardly see anything on the blackboard. My father hardly ever watches TV.2、 much too 和 too much 區(qū)別（一） (too) much 中心詞是much1相當(dāng)于形容詞， 意為“ more than enough”，用在不可數(shù)名詞前面作定語(yǔ)或在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語(yǔ)。如： Americans eat too much meat in my opinion I drank too much cola last night The work is too much for her Shes afraid the

16、 trip will be too much for me 2相當(dāng)于名詞，在句子中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。如： Too much was happening all at once You have given me too much 3相當(dāng)于副詞，在句子中作狀語(yǔ)。如： You work too much She talks too much （二） (much) too 中心詞為toomuch too 的用法比較簡(jiǎn)單，只用作副詞作狀語(yǔ)，但它不單獨(dú)使用，在句子中要修飾形容詞或副詞，但不修飾動(dòng)詞。如： You are much too kind to me Its much too cold You ar

17、e driving much too fast 【練習(xí)】 1.we should not eat junk food.A.too muchB.much tooC.too manyD.much too2. its _ hot in august in Nanjing .A .many tooB . much tooC . very tooD .to much3.We dont have _ time to work every year.A much tooB so manyC too muchD too many答案 1-3 ABC四、 also ,too, as well ,either,

18、neither意思區(qū)別Also表示 也 是比較正式的用詞, also 一般用于句子中,其位置在行為動(dòng)詞之前,動(dòng)詞 to be 之后。如有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，一般應(yīng)在助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，也可放在前面。too是普通用詞 ,口語(yǔ)中用的多 ,too 常置于句末，前面可用逗號(hào)，如置于句中，其前后均有逗號(hào)。注意 : also,too 只能用于肯定句。5最新資料推薦either用于否定句中，表示前者不、，后者也不、，其位置一般放在句尾。Neither表示 兩者都不 。 I also went. You are also wrong. He is a singer ,too. He,too,is a

19、singer. He didnt go there. I didnt either. In neither case can I agree. Neither of them wants to stop for a rest 3) as well as表示“不但而且”“既是也是”“而且”“還”。如：He grows flowers as well as vegetables. 他既種菜也種花。She shares (in) my troubles as well as my joys. 她與我同甘共苦。They have a flat in town as well as a place in

20、 the country.他們?cè)诔抢镉幸惶坠?，在鄉(xiāng)村還有一所房子。注：有時(shí)還可譯為“除之外，還”，與besides, in addition to 的用法相似。如：As well as learning to swim he has been taking Spanish lessons this summer. 今年夏天，他除了學(xué)習(xí)游泳外，他還在上西班牙語(yǔ)課。弄清強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn), A as well as B 這一結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)是A 不是 B，即 A as well as B=not only B but also A ，注意體會(huì)以下例句的譯文：She is clever as well as

21、beautiful. 她不但漂亮，而且聰明。He speaks Spanish as well as English and French. 他不僅會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)，而且會(huì)說(shuō)西班牙語(yǔ)。Actors have to learn their cues as well as their own lines.演員不僅要記住臺(tái)詞，還要記住其他演員的暗示。五、 already、 yet、 still 的區(qū)別1） already 是 已經(jīng) ,用在肯定句中,用在完成時(shí)中比較多,比如 Ive already been to London.2） yet 是 還 用于否定句 ,如 I havent gone ther

22、e yet.此外 yet 還有 但是 的意思 ,有時(shí)可以和but 互換 ,比如 The authorities claim that the situation in the area hasbeen under control, yet the fact is not the case.( 當(dāng)局聲稱(chēng)此地區(qū)局勢(shì)已得到控制,但事實(shí)并不是那么回事.)3） still 是 仍然 ,如 He should have been killed in the accident, but he is still alive.(他本應(yīng)在事故中喪生,但他活著 .)六、 ometimes、 sometime 、so

23、me times 、 some time6最新資料推薦sometimes(有時(shí) )用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、sometime(在將來(lái)某時(shí) )用于將來(lái)時(shí)、some times (數(shù)次 )表示次數(shù)、some time(一些時(shí)間 )表示一段時(shí)間。e.g. Sometimes they go hiking inthe mountains.I will stay here some time.I will meet your father sometime.題型 1.選詞填空（一） luckily/ lucky/ unlucky/ unluckily1.That was anboy .he lost his pa

24、rents in the earthquake2.It rained hard.,the children took umbrellas with them ,so they didn tget wet.3.He isto pass the exam4.A terrible car accident happened to him., he didn t lose hos life（二） easyeasilyeasiermore easily1 If you have more knowledge .you can deal with the problems.2.The question l

25、ooks. I m sure I can work out itby myself.3.In generally,it isto say than to do(三） successsuccessfulsuccessfullysucceed1.Don t worry . I heard that the airplane has landedat the airport.2.If you becomepeople will watch you all the time.3.If you try your best, you will.4.Attitude is everything.Detail

26、s ( 細(xì)節(jié) )decide.（四 ） happyhappilyhappiermore happily1.Because of having parents love, I can grow up.2.Look . The children are playingover there.3.The busier he is,thehe feel .（五 ） safesafelysafety1.Schoolis the serious problem2.Please drive more slowly.is the first.3.Although we were in trouble . we

27、got there4.To beis important to everyone.（六）carefulcarefullly1.Liu Ming is agirl . She does everything.7最新資料推薦2.Please be.There is too much triffic on the road.3. You didn t writeenough . I can t see clearly題型 2.單選題1. Do you think yesterday s math problem was difficult?Yes. I could _ work it out.A h

28、ardlyB easilyC finallyD nearly2.-Don t worry.My mother will look after your baby _.-Thanks a lot.A. careful enoughB. enough carefulC. carefully enough3.The Internet is very useful for us. We canfind information.A. easyB. easilyC. hardD. hardly4. As we all know, smoking is bad for us ,_ for children.

29、A. especiallyB. recentlyC. probablyD. nearly5.Sometimes it rains _in Xi an in summer.A.heavyB .heavilyC.strongD.strongly6.He doesn t play the violin soas his father.A. goodB. betterC. wellD. best7.She sang a song Ibelieve I can flyin Yangzhou English Contest. I have never heard a _ voice than thatbe

30、fore.A goodB wellC betterD Best8.She likes reading and_.A. so I doB. I do soC. I like soD. so do I9.-I wont go to the Great Wall tomorrow.-I wont, _.A. neitherB. eitherC. tooD. also10.He is _ tired that he cant go any farther.A. soB. suchC. veryD. tooWhen you do eye-exercise, you must keep your eyes

31、_.A. closeB. closesC. closingD. closed11.Its a windy day. Youd better_ the windows.A. closeB. closedC. closingD. to close12.Bruce often _ his left hand _.A. keep; closeB. keeps; closedC. keep; closedD. keeps; close13. It is very hot. Please keep the door.A. openB. openingC. opensD. opened14. The cit

32、y is_ than the town away from the river.8最新資料推薦A. farB. fartherC. furtherD. much far15.Do you need _ explanation to the question?A. more farB. any furtherC. fartherD. any far中考鏈接()1.(2010蘭州 ) -Where would you like to go on your summer holiday, Mike?-I d like to go.A.nowhere interestingB.interestinga

33、nywhereC.somewhere interestingD.interesting,somewhere()2.(2010衡陽(yáng) ) The morepeople drive, thetraffic accidents there will be.A.careful;lessB.carefully;fewerC. Careful;fewer()3.(2010合肥 ) -Did you find the small village yesterday?-Yes, without any difficulty, for it haschanged over years.A. hardlyB. gr

34、eatlyC. clearlyD. nearly()4. （ 2011蘇州） If you don tworkenough, I dontthink your dream will come.A.hardly;trulyB.hardly;trueC.hard;trueD. hard;truly() 5.（2011蘭州）He said he would come to see us _ the next afternoon.A.sometimeB.some timeC. sometimesD. some times()6.（2011蕪湖）Jack is good at drawing. I th

35、ink no one draws.A. betterB.bestC.worseD. worst()7. （ 2011杭州） It s too late to invite any more people._ , you know how Tim hates parties.A. BesidesB. HoweverC. StillD. Instead() 8. （ 2011濱州） - Do you often go to the gym?-No,. I dontlike sports at all.A.alwaysB. neverC. sometimesD. usually() 9. （ 201

36、1黃岡） -Did Kate do best in the finally exam?-No, but of all the students she did _ .A.the most carefulB. more carefulC. most carefullyD.more carefully() 10.（ 2011太原）The bag that my grandpa made for me_ gets out of style, but it is still best thing in mymind.A. usuallyB. normallyC. gradually()11. （ 20

37、11廣州） -Steve is good at writing short stories.9最新資料推薦-So he is. But he writesthan us. So he cantget good grades in writing.A.most carefullyB.more carefullyC. less carefullyD. least carefully() 12. （ 2012 佛山） -Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night?-No, Igo to the cinema. The tickets are too expensive.A. hardlyB. nearlyC. stillD.only()13.（ 2012 無(wú)錫） Mans understanding of nature is developing. It never