1、unit6 單元語法小專題(grammar focus)語法精講一般過去時的被動語態(tài)一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were及物動詞的過去分詞(by)其他”。其否定形式是在was/were后加not；疑問形式是把was/were放到句首。如:a wonderful film was seen by us yesterday evening.昨天晚上我們看了一場精彩的電影。mary didnt go to davids birthday party because she wasnt invited.瑪麗沒有參加大衛(wèi)的生日聚會，因為她沒有受到邀請。were flowers and gras

2、s planted by them along the road last year？去年他們沿路種植了一些花草嗎？特殊的被動語態(tài):1.含有雙賓語的被動語態(tài)含有雙賓語的主動句變被動句時，可以將其中任何一個賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)的主語。一般是把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中指人的間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語，這樣句子顯得自然；若指物的間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語，間接賓語前要加介詞to，for等。如:he lent me a bike. i was lent a bike(by him).a bike was lent to me(by him).他借給了我一輛自行車。2.復合賓語的被動語態(tài) 若主動句為“主語謂語賓語賓補”這

3、種復合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)時，則只能將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)的主語，賓補變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)的主語補足語。如:we call him xiao wang.我們叫他小王。he is called xiao wang.他叫小王。注意:若主動語態(tài)中的賓補是省略to的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時需把to補上。如:they heard her sing a song at the party.she was heard to sing a song at the party.在晚會上他們聽她唱了一首歌。3.短語動詞的被動語態(tài)謂語動詞為短語動詞時，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)后，不能丟掉詞末尾的介(副)詞。如:she looks after her g

4、randmother.her grandmother is looked after(by her).她照料她的奶奶。4.特殊疑問句的被動語態(tài)和主動句一樣，仍將疑問詞置于句首。若主動句的疑問詞是who，變被動句時要改為by whom置于句首，也可仍用who，而將 by置于句末；若主動句的疑問詞是whom，則改為who，其余疑問句不變。如:who bought the book？who was the book bought by？或 by whom was the book bought？誰買了這本書？語法精練.用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當形式填空。1. the bridge over the ri

5、ver _(finish) three years ago.2. a present _(give) to me by my friend on my birthday.3. he _(see) to swim in daming lake yesterday.4. annie _(invite) to the party. she had a wonderful time with us.5. the book _(translate) into many other languages last year.6. you are late. all the tickets _(sell) o

6、ut an hour ago.7. my shoes _(wash) by my mother yesterday.8. _ a lot of useful things _(invent) by edison?9. the window _(clean) ten minutes ago，and the room looks bright now.10. in england，nobody under the age of 18 _(allow) to drink in bars.按要求完成下列句子，每空一詞。11. we bought a piano last term.(改為被動語態(tài))a

7、piano _ _ by us last term.12. penicillin was discovered by alexander fleming.(改為一般疑問句)_ penicillin _ by alexander fleming? 13. the books were written by mr. li many years ago.(改為否定句)the books _ _ by mr. li many years ago.14.their homework was handed in yesterday.(對畫線部分提問)_ _ their homework _ in?15.w

8、e didnt grow vegetables in the garden last year.(改為被動語態(tài))vegetables _ _ in the garden by us last year.單元重難點題組訓練題組訓練一 smell的用法.單項選擇。( )1.how do you like the fish i cooked for you?i havent had it yet. however，it _ good.a. smells b. testes c. sounds d. feels( )2.the medicine _ awful. i cant stand it. i

9、know，jimmy. but its helpful for you.a. tastes b. eats c. drinks d. takes( )3.coffee is ready. how nice it _!a. smells b. sounds c. feels d. becomes題組訓練二 by mistake與by accident的用法.單項選擇。( )1.be careful！you might cut yourself _.a. by accident b. by mistake c. by an accident d. by a mistake( )2.i took t

10、he wrong train _.i didnt even know it until half an hour later.a. by mistakes b. by mistake c. with mistake d. with mistakes( )3.do you know how tea was invented? it is said that tea was invented _.a. by accident b. on display c. on sale d. in surprise題組訓練三 take place與happen辨析.單項選擇。( )1.there were l

11、ots of people at the street corner when the accident _.a. took place b. has happened c. was happened d. happened( )2.in the past few years，great changes _ in my hometown.a. take place b. took place c. have taken place d. have happened( )3.something special _ in that house. many police are standing o

12、utside it.a. happen b. took place c. take place d. took out題組訓練四 not onlybut also的用法.單項選擇。( )1.not only my friends but also i _ interested in football and messi is our favorite star.a. be b. am c. is d. are( )2.jack is good at playing the instruments. he plays _ the piano _ the violin.a. either；or b

13、. neither；nor c. not only；but also d. either；and( )3.we need some players for the game._ you _ your brother can join us.a. not；but b. neither；nor c. either；nor d. not only；but also單元寫作小專題§ion b(3a3b)【單元寫作目標】能介紹自己最喜愛的發(fā)明并敘述理由。1.能用“be invented in/by，be used for”等句型描述發(fā)明物的歷史；2.寫作微技能:列提綱在英語寫作中的運用。一、語言

14、積累(一)basic information:用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空，補充發(fā)明的時間、地點和發(fā)明者的信息。注意句子的語態(tài)。1.the tea was first _(drink) by shen nong nearly 5，000 years ago.2.cha jing was _(write) by lu yu，“the saint of tea”，during the tang dynasty.3.according to chinese history，kites were first _(use)by han xin.4.abacus was _(create) in chi

15、na in the sixth century by a chinese man.5.basketball was _(invent) by a _(canada) doctor in the 19th century.6.the jeans were first _(make) by a young man called levis in america in 1853.7.it is believed that the first icecream was _(introduce) to italy by marco polo in the 1500s. (二)usage:根據(jù)所給首字母、

16、單詞或中文提示，補全信息。了解各類發(fā)明的用途。1.shoes with lights are used for s_ in the dark.2.hot icecream scoop is used for _(serve) really cold icecream.3.shoes with special _(鞋跟)are used for _(change) the _(款式)of the shoes. they can make the shoes go from casual to dressy.4.the internet is used for _(communicate) and

17、 _(search) useful information.5._(網(wǎng)站)are used for offering online service. (三)reasons or purpose:根據(jù)所給首字母、單詞或中文提示，補全信息。1.in ancient china，sky lanterns were s_ out to ask for help when people in trouble.2.the tea produced a pleasant smell after it was _(boil) in hot water for some time.3.the great wal

18、l，the biggest manmade object was _(build) to protect the country and the people.4.the tea，one of the most famous drinks, was _(discover)by accident.5.potato chips，the much-loved _(脆)snack, were invented by mistake.(四)influence and development:根據(jù)所給首字母、單詞或中文提示，補全信息。1.the _(先驅(qū))of different inventions h

19、ave changed the world greatly.2.it seems that _(電)is really such a great invention that has changed peoples lives completely.3.wechata new way to communicate，took the place of short messages all of a_(突然).4.apple products are without _(懷疑)the ones that are most loved by chinese _(顧客).5.cha jing was

20、t_ into many languages which helped spread chinese tea culture in the western world.6.the tea was _(bring) to korea and japan during the 6th and 7th centuries and became popular quickly. people are still drinking it now.7.the zipper is used in our d_ lives almost everywhere. we can see zippers on dr

21、esses，trousers，shoes and bags.8.in 1936 in berlin，basketball became an event at the _(奧林匹克).9.the popularity of basketball has _(rise) around the world，with many young people.二、篇章訓練小小發(fā)明，大大改變。我們的生活因為各種科技發(fā)明而日益便捷，請你以“my favorite invention”為題，寫一篇120詞左右的英語文章，介紹你最喜愛的發(fā)明。what the invention iswhen/where it w

22、as inventedwho it was invented byhow/why it was inventedwhat it is used forthe influences and its development參考詞匯:widely，be used for，be enjoyed by，convenient，useful，helpful，communicatemy favorite inventionthe mobile phone is my favorite invention. the first mobile phone was invented for us army in 1938 in america. until 1973，martin cooper from motorola company invented the first mobile phone for civil use. since then，the world has been changed because of the useful invention.as we al