1、句子種類學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)： 1. 掌握簡(jiǎn)單句的六大句型； 2. 掌握祈使句、反意疑問(wèn)句和感嘆句 的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法； 3. 掌握并列句及復(fù)合句中連詞的選擇 和使用。,句子種類,句子的用途,陳述句,疑問(wèn)句,祈使句,感嘆句,句子的結(jié)構(gòu),簡(jiǎn)單句,并列句,復(fù)合句,點(diǎn)擊 鏈接,點(diǎn)擊 鏈接,點(diǎn)擊 鏈接,點(diǎn)擊 鏈接,點(diǎn)擊 鏈接,點(diǎn)擊 鏈接,點(diǎn)擊 鏈接,I. Statements (陳述句),Simon is playing football. (肯定句) Simon is not playing football. (否定句) There is something wrong with my bike. (肯定句) Th

2、ere isnt anything wrong with my bike. (否定句) Millie can deal with the problem of stress. (肯定句) Millie can not deal with the problem of stress. (否定句),返回,II. Questions (疑問(wèn)句),返回,III. Imperatives 祈使句,返回,IV. Exclamations 感嘆句,返回,簡(jiǎn)單句,簡(jiǎn)單句：只含有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)并且句子各 成分都只由單詞或短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的獨(dú) 立句子或分句叫做簡(jiǎn)單句。 e.g. He often reads English

3、 in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. My sister will fix everything.,Six kinds of sentence structures,簡(jiǎn)單句的六種基本句型,掌握這六種基本句型，是掌握各種英語(yǔ) 句子結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)。其他各種句子都可由 這些基本句型擴(kuò)展、變化或省略而構(gòu)成。,英語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單句有六種基本句型： 1) 主語(yǔ) + 不及物動(dòng)詞； 2) 主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ)； 3) 主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)； 4) 主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 間賓 + 直賓； 5) 主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓補(bǔ)； 6) The

4、re be 結(jié)構(gòu)。,1. Spring is coming. 春天到了。 【結(jié)構(gòu)描述】 主語(yǔ) + 不及物動(dòng)詞 【用法記憶】 不及物動(dòng)詞后面不能直接跟賓語(yǔ)，但有時(shí)根據(jù)意義的需要常會(huì)接狀語(yǔ)?？稍趧?dòng)詞后加介詞再接賓語(yǔ)。如： She smiles happily. 她高興地笑了。 He is looking at the monkey. 他正看著猴子。,2. Leaves turn green. 樹(shù)葉變綠了。 【結(jié)構(gòu)描述】 主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ) 【用法記憶】系動(dòng)詞是起到聯(lián)系作用的動(dòng)詞，是連接主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的。系動(dòng)詞的數(shù)量是有限的，常見(jiàn)的只有十幾個(gè)，我們把它們分成四組，這樣有助于我們記憶系動(dòng)詞： 一

5、be動(dòng)詞類： am、 is 、are 、was 、were 二表示變化類：become、 get 、 turn 、 grow 、go,三感官動(dòng)詞類：眼(look)、耳(sound)、 鼻(smell)、舌(taste)、 身(feel) 四表示延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞：remain 、stay 、 keep 表語(yǔ)通常是來(lái)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征的。通常由名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。如： The crane looks beautiful.,3. Cows eat grass on the hill. 牛兒在山上吃草。 【結(jié)構(gòu)描述】 主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) 【用法記憶】 賓語(yǔ)可以由名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式

6、、v.-ing形式等充當(dāng)。上句中的on the hill是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，即使省略也不影響句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整。如： He broke his leg in an accident.,4. The spring gives us a warm hug. 春天給我們以熱情的擁抱。 【結(jié)構(gòu)描述】 主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 間接賓語(yǔ)(人) + 直接賓語(yǔ)(物) 【用法記憶】 間接賓語(yǔ)和直接賓語(yǔ)可以交換位置，但需要借助介詞to或for。如： Tom gave me a book. = Tom gave a book to me. 湯姆給了我一本書(shū)。 Mum bought him an MP3 player. = Mu

7、m bought an MP3 player for him. 媽媽給他買(mǎi)了一個(gè)MP3播放器。,5. Ill make the beauty stay in my mind forever. 我要讓美麗永遠(yuǎn)留在記憶中。 【結(jié)構(gòu)描述】 主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓補(bǔ) 【用法記憶】 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)在賓語(yǔ)后補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或特征。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以由名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、v.-ing形式和介詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不能省略。如： I heard someone playing the piano over there. 我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人在那邊彈鋼琴。,6. There are many bir

8、ds singing in the trees. 樹(shù)上有許多鳥(niǎo)兒在唱歌。 【結(jié)構(gòu)描述】 there be + 主語(yǔ) + 狀語(yǔ) 【用法記憶】 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞be后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be用單數(shù)；當(dāng)其后接復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，be用復(fù)數(shù)。如： There is a shop at the corner. There are some books on the desk.,【跟蹤練習(xí)】 請(qǐng)指出下列各句屬于簡(jiǎn)單句的哪種基本句型。,A. 主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ) B. 主語(yǔ) + 不及物動(dòng)詞 C. 主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) D. 主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 間賓 + 直賓 E. 主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓

9、語(yǔ) + 賓補(bǔ) F. there be + 主語(yǔ) + 狀語(yǔ),( ) 1. You can write down the new words on your notebook. ( ) 2. I found the article on wildlife interesting. ( ) 3. The school bus didnt come. ( ) 4. There are five books on the desk. ( ) 5. The bread smells delicious. ( ) 6. Our English teacher showed us all her CDs.,D

10、,C,E,B,F,A,返回,并列句：由并列連詞（and, but, or等）或 分號(hào)（；）把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的 簡(jiǎn)單句連在一起構(gòu)成。 e.g. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。,并列句,并列句的分類 1. 表示連接兩個(gè)同等概念，常用and, not only but also , neither nor , then等連接。如： The teachers name is Smith, and the students name is John. 2.

11、表示選擇，常用的連詞有or, either or , otherwise等。如： Hurry up, or youll miss the train.,3. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折，常用的連詞有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。如： He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. 4. 表示因果關(guān)系，常用的連詞有so, for, therefore等。如： August is the time

12、 of the year for rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.,1. We bought her a birthday present, _ she liked it very much. A. so B. or C. and D. but 2. Didnt you give roses to your father on Fathers Day? Oh, not only my father, _ my grandpa got red roses. A. or B. and C. but D. until,3.

13、 Would you like to go to the concert with me? Id love to, _ I cant. I have a lot of homework to do. A. or B. but C. so D. and 4. “Are you going to eat here _ take it away?” asked the waiter. A. and B. so C. or D. but 5. Mother was ill, _ Father cooked for us instead. A. but B. or C. so D. and,6. _ L

14、ily _ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home. A. Not only; but also B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Either; or 7. Da-Fa is cleaning the house _ some of his friends are coming for dinner. A. because B. but C. if D. so,返回,復(fù)合句：含有一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上從句的句子。 e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of

15、pictures when they were at the Great Wall. 復(fù)合句包含：名詞性從句（主語(yǔ)從句、 賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ) 從句） 定語(yǔ)從句 狀語(yǔ)從句,復(fù)合句,點(diǎn)擊 鏈接,點(diǎn)擊 鏈接,點(diǎn)擊 鏈接,句子種類在高考中的考查重點(diǎn)： 1. 簡(jiǎn)單句的六大句型是最基本的句型。雖然 近幾年單純考查這種基礎(chǔ)句型的題不多， 但是在閱讀中有時(shí)需借助于劃分句子成分 去理解，在書(shū)面表達(dá)中，沒(méi)有最基本的遣 詞造句的能力是不可能用地道的英語(yǔ)句子 來(lái)表達(dá)清楚的。 2. 祈使句、反意疑問(wèn)句和感嘆句是高考命題 的熱點(diǎn)之一。有時(shí)把祈使句與反意疑問(wèn)句 結(jié)合于一體來(lái)考查。一個(gè)題目，幾個(gè)考 點(diǎn)，是近幾年命題的

16、發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。,3. 高考對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和各種復(fù)合句的 考查常表現(xiàn)在對(duì)連詞的選擇和使用上。 如：and, but, or, while，以及其它連接 名詞性從句、定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的連 接詞、關(guān)聯(lián)詞。 4. 各種主從復(fù)合句的考查常常與動(dòng)詞的時(shí) 態(tài)聯(lián)系在一起，以賓語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句 最為明顯，時(shí)間從句與條件從句中，如 果主句是將來(lái)時(shí)，從句則用一般式表將 來(lái)，這一點(diǎn)在高考中經(jīng)?？疾?。,I. Multiple choice,1. _ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar. (2002上海春) A. How interest

17、ing B. How an interesting C. What interesting D. What an interesting,2. What would you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready. (2005全國(guó)I) A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 3. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, _? (2006全國(guó)II) A. do y

18、ouB. can we C. will youD. shall we,4. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, _ their education that causes misunderstanding. (2007全國(guó)I) A. like B. as C. or D. but 5. You have failed two tests. Youd better start working harder, _ you wont pass the course. (2007北京) A. and B. so C. but

19、D. or,6. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. _ it was! (2007上海) A. What a dangerous scene B. What dangerous a scene C. How a dangerous scene D. How dangerous the scene,7. When youve finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf, _? (2007北京) A. d

20、o you B. dont you C. will you D. wont you 8. _ the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting. (2008湖南) A. Having searched B. To search C. Searching D. Search,9. _ the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.

21、(2008湖南) A. If B. While C. Because D. As 10. In some places women are expected to earn money _ men work at home and raise their children (2008四川) A. but B. while C. because D. though,11. He must be helping the old man to water the flowers, _? (2009陜西) A. is he B. isnt he C. must he D. mustnt he 12.

22、I wonder how much you charge for your services. The first two are free _ the third costs $30. (2009安徽) A. while B. until C. when D. before,13. Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal. (2010全國(guó)I) A. so that B. although C. while D. as if 14. If you have a job, _ yourself to it and final

23、ly youll succeed. (2010四川) A. do devote B. dont devote C. devoting D. not devoting,15. Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _ it becomes available. (2010安徽) A. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until 16. Bring the flowers into a warm room _ theyll soon open. (201

24、1遼寧) A. or B. and C. but D. for,17. _ regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. (2011天津) A. It B. As C. Although D. Unless 18. Someone wants you on the phone. _ nobody knows I am here. (2011全國(guó)I) A. Although B. And C. But D. So,19. Find ways to praise

25、 your children often, _ youll find they will open their hearts to you. (2011山東) A. till B. or C. and D. but 20. _ a strange plant! Ive never seen it before. (2011遼寧) A. Which B. What C. How D. Whether,1. 秋天有些鳥(niǎo)飛到南方去。,My grandfather gets up early in the morning.,II. Translation,2. 我的爺爺早晨起得很早。,In autum

26、n, some birds fly to the south.,3. 布朗夫人看起來(lái)很健康。,Mrs Brown looks very healthy.,4. 十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。,At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist.,5. 昨晚我寫(xiě)了一封信。,6. 你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書(shū)。,I wrote a letter last night.,You must finish reading these books in two weeks.,7. 他的父母給他取名為John.,His parents named him John.,8. 我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。,All of us considered him honest.,9. 他把這本書(shū)給了他的妹妹。,10. 我將寫(xiě)給你一封長(zhǎng)信。,He gave the book to his sister