1、Unit 3 Section Al Language Focus Words in Use 1.Ernest Hemingways keen insight into his society, ardent love for people and perceptive abilities helped him to form his own (peculiar) characteristic of writing.2.The project is on the point of collapse, and unless something very (radical) is done to r

2、epair the damage there will be no hope for the project.3.Its not unusual for teenagers to go through a(n) (phase) when they feel ashamed of their parents, afraid that they might not live up to their friends standards.4.It is (sensible) for every family to make earthquake emergency plans and know how

3、 to leave the area during the chaos following an earthquake.5.Economists are interested in all the factors that can help to (predict) the extent to which a price change will affect supply and demand in the market.6.Starting Monday, all foods (labeled) organic must be up to the strict national standa

4、rds that the government decided to put into effect now.7.There is more to a woman than her looks, so I (resent) the fact that after a woman grows old and loses her looks people stop paying attention to her.8.Apart from technological development, the 20th century (witnessed) an enormous worldwide pol

5、itical, economic and cultural transformation.9.Unlike the practice in China, if youre at a hotel restaurant in the United States, expect a 15-20 percent service charge or add the (equivalent) amount yourself.10.The change in smoking habits (parallels) a change in the incidence of lung cancer. The mo

6、re people smoke, the more chances of occurrence for lung cancer. l Word Building1. chaos2. drama3. academic4. depress5. detect6. erode7. classify8. confusion9. cooperation10. dictation11. right12. journalist1. chaotic2. dramatic3. academy4. depression5. detection6. erosion7. classification8. confuse

7、9. cooperate10. dictate11. rightist12. journal 1.One thing that helps you to listen to your thoughts is to keep a(n) (journal) because it helps to record various insights you gain when doing daily activities.2.The country went through a(n) (chaotic) period of social and economic transformation: a bo

8、om in banking, engineering, scientific research and political thinking.3.After the disaster many people began to suggest that government offices that help with storm preparations (cooperate) with offices that monitor wild animals.4.Even though people didnt expect much, the presidents speech did litt

9、le to prevent the (erosion) of peoples confidence in the government.5.New Zealands economy has probably been going through a more (dramatic) revolution recently than that of any other Western countries.6.The language teacher gave the students a short list of words that are in common use in the UK bu

10、t would either (confuse) or even offend Americans.7.My middle daughter received three scholarships to attend a summer military (academy) . Later she became our citys first international foreign-exchange student.8.Systematic sampling (系統(tǒng)抽樣) of West German voters carried out in 1979-1980 indicated tha

11、t 13 percent of all voters in the Federal Republic were (rightists) in their political views.9.People who spend more time on the Internet experienced more (depression) and loneliness than those who spend less time on the Net.10.Though he did not (dictate) his speech to the audience, he went at a pac

12、e slow enough for the listeners to take down a lot of what he said.11.Speaking of clone, most of the physical differences between originals and copies are so minor that (detection) of them would require a sophisticated laboratory.12.The up-to-date (classification) of books in the newly-built school

13、library helps you to find the books you want more quickly than before. l Banked ClozeThere is a special life stage that our generation goes through. It is the (1) (transition) period, during which we move from teenage to adolescence. We learn who we are and what we stand for and what inspires us. Al

14、so, in this period we are (2) (saddled) with a lot of pressure from our parents who want us to make something out of ourselves. My parents have already expressed feelings of (3) (anxiety) over my future with academics and life. When I expressed to them recently that I would not mind graduating in fi

15、ve years instead of four in order to study abroad to (4) (acquaint)myself with the world, they seemed so shocked. That idea sounded foreign and to them was (5) (equivalent) to lack of ambition. Apart from that, my mother has (6) (expressed) to me that she is worried that I am not searching for a boy

16、friend. I (7) (resent) this stupid idea of marrying out of college since it does not suit me one bit. Women today can get what they want out of life without a man, even children, as it becomes more (8) (acceptable) for women to adopt children. I personally want to stay in school as long as I can to

17、(9) (reinforce) my academic work, possibly complete a law degree and start a career, and then after, and only after, begin to think about (10) (shifting) to marriage. If my math is correct, that means I will be more or less ready for marriage at the age of 29 or 30, the age when my mother had me. l

18、Language Focus Expressions in Use 1.As the result of her divorce, she was obviously (saddled with) the double burden of playing the role of both mother and father.2.Do not be intimidated by people who think they are smarter than you, and dont (back off) when facing competition; inner confidence is i

19、mportant.3.As our sweet childhood (gives way to) adolescences temptation of love, we begin to learn, as adults, that most pleasures do not last forever.4.In the economic recession, employers (resorted to) the reduction of costs, most particularly in wages, in order to survive in the competitive worl

20、d markets.5.People from abroad can take part in the intensified language program because schools have to (make allowances for) students whose English is not their first language.6.Talking about negotiations, once an agreement is made, the Chinese sometimes (wonder at) the slow pace in which Westerne

21、rs implement the decision.7.Earthquakes occur without warning; however, it is claimed that some animals can feel earthquakes (prior to) occurrences because of their highly sensitive organs.8.An allowance can be (based upon/based on) your childs age, your own financial resources, the expenses it will

22、 cover and the goals you and your child wish to accomplish. l Translationl 英譯漢As an important part of the American culture value system, individualism is admired by most American people. Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to advance the happiness of individual members. In

23、contrast to many other cultures, the primary responsibility of the American family member is not to advance the family as a group, either socially or economically. What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as what would be best for the individual. With freedom co

24、mes the responsibility to care for oneself, for it is the freedom of choice that carries with it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of the choices. Many Americans give their children a lot of freedom because they want them to be independent and self-reliant. Along with the American empha

25、sis on individual freedom, the belief in equality between parents and children also has had a strong effect on the family. 作為美國文化價值體系的一個重要組成部分，個人主義受到大多數(shù)美國人的推崇。美國人認(rèn)為家庭作為一個群體，其主要目的是促進家庭各成員的幸福。與許多其他文化相比，美國家庭成員的主要職責(zé)，不是在社會上或經(jīng)濟上提高整個家庭的地位。人們通常認(rèn)為，什么是對個人最好的要比什么是對家庭最好的更為重要。與自由相伴而來的是照顧自己的責(zé)任，因為所選擇的自由承載了責(zé)任，即必須接受

26、自己的選擇所帶來的后果。許多美國人給他們的孩子很多的自由，因為他們希望孩子們能夠獨立和自力更生。在美國人強調(diào)個人自由的同時，父母與孩子間平等的信念也對美國家庭產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。 漢譯英 孝道（filial piety）是中國古代社會的基本道德規(guī)范（code of ethics）。中國人把孝視為人格之本、家庭和睦之本、國家安康之本。由于孝道是儒家倫理思想的核心，它成了中國社會千百年來維系家庭關(guān)系的道德準(zhǔn)則。它毫無疑問是中華民族的一種傳統(tǒng)美德。孝道文化是一個復(fù)合概念，內(nèi)容豐富，涉及面廣。它既有文化理念，又有制度禮儀（institutional etiquette）。一般來說，它指社會要求子女對父母

27、應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)，包括尊敬、關(guān)愛、贍養(yǎng)老人等等。孝道是古老的東方文明之根本。 Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in ancient Chinese society. Chinese people consider filial piety as the essence of a persons integrity, family harmony, and the nations well-being. With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it has been the moral

28、 standard for the Chinese society to maintain the family relationship for thousands of years. Its undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue. The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range. It includes not only cultural ideas but also institutional etiquettes. Gene

29、rally speaking, it refers to the obligation of children to their parents required by the society, including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth. Filial piety is fundamental to the ancient Oriental civilization.Unit 3 Section Bl Language Focus Words in Use 1.After his speech, the audi

30、ence wondered if his good intentions would become realities or whether they would be just (hollow) promises.2.Although every child is different, its common for children at this age to get a little argumentative, (restless) and moody.3.It is by participating in these activities that students can (dem

31、onstrate) their special talents, their level of maturity and responsibility, and their leadership qualities.4.According to what we heard, she was (exiled) from her country three years ago because of her involvement in the plot against the government.5.If you continue to feel lonely and (miserable) ,

32、 you might consider coming to talk to someone at the University Counseling Service.6.Urban critics argue that people living in the cities really enjoy all the cultural, educational, and (commercial) advantages that are available to them.7.He was a reserved man, so he usually (hesitated) before he sp

33、oke, as if he were not sure how his words would be received or remarked.8.The miners strike in July showed how quickly workers discontent can (erupt) and how efficiently they can take organized action.9.His first-year learning experiences allowed him to reflect and (refine) his learning methods and schedules and to go deeper in many ways.10.It is not economically (feasible) to design buildings in Birstol to withstand a large earthquake as the chances of an earthquake are very small there. l Language Focus Expressions in Use 1