中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)2008屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)第1頁(yè)目錄1序言.11.1引言.11.2概述.12設(shè)計(jì)方案.32.1設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù).32.2設(shè)計(jì)的任務(wù).32.3防破碎的方法.33緩沖倉(cāng)的設(shè)計(jì).53.1圓筒的構(gòu)造.53.2圓筒設(shè)計(jì)方法.73.3圓筒設(shè)計(jì)步驟.83.4筒倉(cāng)提升板的設(shè)計(jì).143.5筒倉(cāng)的定位板設(shè)計(jì).154提升部件的設(shè)計(jì).164.1鋼絲繩的選擇.164.2卷筒的選擇.184.2.1卷筒的技術(shù)要求.184.2.2卷筒的計(jì)算.194.3鋼絲繩的固定.234.3.1鋼絲繩在卷筒上的固定.234.3.2鋼絲繩在筒倉(cāng)上的連接.255電機(jī)和減速器的選擇.265.1電機(jī)的選擇要求.265.2確定電動(dòng)機(jī)的型號(hào).275.3減速器的選擇.295.3.1減速比的計(jì)算.295.3.2減速器的選型.295.3.3減速器箱體的設(shè)計(jì).315.3.4附件設(shè)計(jì).325.3.5減速器的潤(rùn)滑與密封.336滑輪和導(dǎo)向輪的設(shè)計(jì).34中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)2008屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)第2頁(yè)6.1滑輪的設(shè)計(jì).346.2導(dǎo)向輪的設(shè)計(jì).397軸和聯(lián)軸器的設(shè)計(jì).407.1軸的設(shè)計(jì).407.2聯(lián)軸器的選用.437.3鍵的設(shè)計(jì).457.4軸承的選擇.478制動(dòng)器的設(shè)計(jì).498.1制動(dòng)器的基本要求.498.2制動(dòng)器的計(jì)算和選型.509電氣控制.529.1傳感器和限位的設(shè)計(jì).529.2電氣控制過(guò)程.579.2.1控制流程圖.579.2.2可編程序控制器(PLC)的特點(diǎn)及應(yīng)用.579.2.3程序設(shè)計(jì).609.3PLC的設(shè)計(jì).629.3.1PLC的選型.629.3.2PLC程序設(shè)計(jì).649.4如何提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性.6710提升機(jī)及其相關(guān)設(shè)備的安裝與維修保養(yǎng).68總結(jié).73參考文獻(xiàn).74致謝.89摘要本設(shè)計(jì)是一種煤塊在入倉(cāng)過(guò)程中的防破碎技術(shù)，采用煤倉(cāng)內(nèi)設(shè)置升降緩沖倉(cāng)的方法來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。利用煤在下落過(guò)程中與相對(duì)較小直徑的緩沖倉(cāng)筒壁的摩擦減速，延長(zhǎng)下落時(shí)間，達(dá)到減小煤塊在落入倉(cāng)底時(shí)的沖力，減小了煤塊的破碎率，大大提高了塊煤的入倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)存率。緩沖倉(cāng)結(jié)構(gòu)由直徑依次增大的七節(jié)可伸縮筒倉(cāng)連接而成，每個(gè)上下筒倉(cāng)中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)2008屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)第3頁(yè)間采用定位板和內(nèi)環(huán)實(shí)現(xiàn)連接功能。內(nèi)環(huán)上開(kāi)有與定位板中線(xiàn)重合、個(gè)數(shù)相等的槽口，安裝和拆卸時(shí)只要將筒倉(cāng)沿圓周方向旋轉(zhuǎn)相應(yīng)角度即能完成。即避免了煤塵和細(xì)小顆粒在筒倉(cāng)間伸縮腔內(nèi)的堆積，又便于維修。緩沖倉(cāng)以防爆型電機(jī)為動(dòng)力，經(jīng)減速器和卷筒、滑輪、導(dǎo)向輪、制動(dòng)器組成緩沖倉(cāng)的升降提升系統(tǒng)。其中對(duì)筒倉(cāng)位置、煤位的監(jiān)測(cè)采用限位行程開(kāi)關(guān)和自行設(shè)計(jì)的碰觸點(diǎn)為面的壓力傳感器，利用S7200PLC對(duì)筒倉(cāng)位置、煤位和提升電機(jī)升降系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行自動(dòng)控制，控制操作簡(jiǎn)單，運(yùn)行可靠。在本設(shè)計(jì)中，第一突破是筒倉(cāng)連接定位板的設(shè)計(jì)；第二突破是將煤位傳感器的碰觸點(diǎn)擴(kuò)大到面，增大了接觸面積提高了系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的安全性。關(guān)鍵詞：防破碎；緩沖倉(cāng)；結(jié)構(gòu)；提升動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)；PLCABSTRACTThisdesignisonekindofcoalbriquetteinisputinstorageintheprocessagainststavetechnology,usesinthecoalbintoestablishthefluctuationcushionwarehousethemethodtorealize.Withcomparesminordiameterscushionwarehousetubewallsfrictiondecelerationrelativelyusingthecoalinthewhereaboutsprocess,theextensiontimeoffall,achievesreducesthecoalbriquettewhenfallsintothebilgethemomentum,reducedthecoalbriquette中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)2008屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)第4頁(yè)percentageofdamage,enhancedthelumpcoaltobeputinstoragethestoragerategreatly.Thecushionwarehousestructuresevenexpandablesiloconnectionswhichincreasesinturnbythediameterbecomes,betweeneachhighandlowsilousesthelocalizationboardandtheinnerrimrealizestheconnectionfunction.On,solongastheinnerrimopenshaswithlocatestheboardmedianlinesuperposition,theintegerequalnotch,timetheinstallmentandthedisassemblagethesiloalongthecircumferencedirectionrevolvingcorrespondinganglenamelycancomplete.Namelyhasavoidedthecoaldustandthetinypelletexpandsandcontractsinthecavityinthesilobetweenthestack,isalsoadvantageousfortheservice.Thecushionwarehousetaketheexplosion-proofmachineasapower,afterreductiongearandreel,pulley,guidewheel,brakecompositioncushionwarehousefluctuationliftsystem.Andtothesiloposition,thecoalpositionsmonitorusesthespacinglimitswitchandindependentlydesignsbumpstheelectroniccontactforthesurfacepressuretransmitter,usingS7-200PLCtothesiloposition,thecoalpositionandthepromotionelectricalmachineryjackingsystemcarriesontheautomaticcontrol,thesystemoperationissimple,themovementisreliable.Inthisdesign,thefirstbreakthroughisthesiloconnectionlocalizationboarddesign；Thesecondbreakthroughisbumpsthecoalpositionsensortheelectroniccontacttoexpandthesurface,increasedthecontactedareatoenhancethesystemsoperationsecurity.Keyword：againststave；cush