Pneumatic system and various valve basic introductionPneumatic systems use pressurized gases to transmit and control power. As the name implies, pneumatic system typically use air (rather than some other gas) as the fluid medium because air is a safe ,low-cost ,and readily available fluid. It is particularly safe in environments where an electrical spark could ignite leaks from system components.In pneumatic systems, compressors are used to compress and supply the necessary quantities of air. Compressors are typically of the piston, vane or screw type. Basically a compressor increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume as described by the perfect gas laws. Pneumatic systems normally use a large centralized air compressor which is considered to be an infinite air source similar to an electrical system where you merely plug into an electrical outlet for electricity. In this way, pressurized air can be piped from one source to various locations throughout an entire industrial plant. The compressed air is piped to each circuit through an air filter to remove contaminants which might harm the closely fitting parts of pneumatic component such as valves and cylinders. The air then flows through a pressure regulator which reduces the pressure to the desired level for the particular circuit application. Because air is not a good lubricant (contains about 20% oxygen ), pneumatics systems required a lubricator to inject a very fine mist of oil the air discharging from the pressure regulator. This prevents wear of the closely fitting moving parts of pneumatic components.Free air from the atmosphere contains varying amounts of moisture. This moisture can be harmful in than it can wash away lubricants and thus cause excessive wear and corrosion. Hence, in come applications, air driers are needed to remove this undesirable moisture. Since pneumatic systems exhaust directly into the atmosphere, they are capable of generating excessive noise. Therefore, mufflers are mounted on exhaust ports of air valves and actuators to reduce noise and prevent operating personnel from possible injury resulting not only from exposure to noise but also from high-speed airborne particles.There are several reasons for considering the use of pneumatic systems instead of hydraulic systems. Liquids exhibit greater inertia than do gases. Therefore, in hydraulic systems the weight of oil is a potential problem when accelerating and decelerating and decelerating actuators and when suddenly opening and closing valves. Due to Newtons law of motion (force equals mass multiplied by acceleration),the force required to accelerate oil is many times greater than that required to accelerate an equal volume of air. Liquids also exhibit greater viscosity than do gases. This results in larger frictional pressure and power losses. Also, since hydraulic systems use a fluid foreign to the atmosphere, they require special reservoirs and no-leak systems use air which is exhausted directly back into the surrounding environment. Generally speaking, pneumatic systems are less expensive than less expensive than hydraulic systems.However, because of the compressibility of air, it is impossible to obtain precise controlled actuator velocities with pneumatic systems. Also, precise positioning control is not obtainable. While pneumatic pressures are quite low due to pressures can be as high as 10,000 psi. Thus, hydraulics can be high-power systems, whereas pneumatics are confined to low-power applications. Industrial applications of pneumatic systems are growing at a rapid pace.Underneath introduction is widely used in all kinds of pneumatic system valve.Valve is a widely used mechanical product in each countrys economy. You can find valves commonly used in the following fields like oil, nature gas, coal, metallurgy, mining, refinery, pipe transportation, petrochemical, chemical, pharmacy, food production, power plant, water supply / drainage, heat supply, air supply, marine, vehicle, airplane, spacecraft, military, new tech, irrigation and many other flowing systems.There are self-driven valves and operated valves. Self-driven valves( like safety valve, relief valve, steam trap, check valve ) are functioning by utilizing its mechanical design or the pressure, direction of its flow medium .Operated valves( like gate valve, globe valve, ball valve, butterfly valve ) are functioning by actuator( manual, electric, hydraulic, pneumatic etc. ) or the pressure , flow direction of its medium. Due to the differences of pressure, temperature, flow, and physical-chemical character of its medium ,there are different requirements in designing and applying the pipeline system .Therefore there are numerous types of valve. GAS VALVEFrom the air valve operating principles of view, air valve performance will directly affect the work of compressor tanks, air valve for the following requirements: resistance losses small. Air valve size and airflow resistance losses of valves always speed and the size of the spring-loaded edge. Gas higher speed, the greater the energy losses； Spring-loaded edge too large, the loss is great resistance, the size of the air valve movement design guidelines to determine the reasonableness of the law. Air valve closed timely, rapid, not leak closed to improve the efficiency of machines and extended use period. Long life, work reliable. Life is the main factor restricting air valve and spring-loaded valves quality, the general long-term continuous operation of the compressors to life 80 hours； For mobile, short-term or intermittent operation of compressors, may require slightly more.Air valve and piston-type compressors are to the important components is one of the components easily damaged. It will have a direct impact on the displacement compressors, power consumption and reliability of operation, the current compressor is fast direction, and rotational speed limit is one of the key issues in improving air valve. Piston-type compressors typically use the automatic valve that the air valve is opened and closed valves on the pressure on both sides to achieve poor, and there is no other drive.PNEUMATIC VALVEPneumatic valves regulate the temperature in the context nominal pressure and may adjust various fluids, gases and steam, pneumatic - valve closed, leakage small. Pneumatic-valve at the role of the implementing agencies could reach a gas open or gas shut purposes.Pneumatic valves regulate the pneumatic enforcement agencies and regulatory valves two. Enforcement agencies to promote the implementation of devices installed, it compressed air-driven, export thrust； Regulation valves are part of the implementation of devices to regulate direct contact with the media, regulatory medium flow. The pneumatic - valve structure with simple, reliable operation, export thrust large maintenance convenient and inexpensive, such as fire blast merits pneumatic - valve widely used for chemical, oil, metallurgical, electrical, textile and other industrial production processes autopilot and remote control.PRESSURE REGULATING VALVEpressure regulating valve is a reliance on external energy transfer medium itself was pressure changes pressure-type automatic adjustment of product, you can adjust the valve in the pressure equipment debugging process in accordance with their own processes pressure regulating valves for the guide command system set pressure after pressure regulating valves value, pressure regulating valves will be natural gas pressure regulating valves, the pressure for you to set and automatically maintain its constant, pressure regulating valves in the control room for your remote control oxygen flow downstream. Flow will be used for on-site oxygen pressure regulation and feedback to control the actual process parameters to control the distance. You can easily adjust the oxygen pressure.氣壓系統(tǒng)及各種閥門的基本介紹氣壓系統(tǒng)是用壓力氣體傳遞和控制動力，正如名稱所表明的那樣，氣壓系統(tǒng)通常用空氣（不用其他氣體）作為流體介質(zhì)，因為空氣是安全、成本低而又隨處可得的流體，在系統(tǒng)部件中產(chǎn)生電弧有可能點燃泄漏物的場合下（使用空氣作為介質(zhì)）尤其安全。在氣壓系統(tǒng)中，壓縮機用來壓縮并供應所需的空氣。壓縮機一般有活塞式、葉片式和螺旋式等類型。壓縮機基本上是根據(jù)理想氣體法則，通過減小氣體體積來增加氣體壓力的。氣壓系統(tǒng)通?？紤]采用大的中央空氣壓縮機作為一個無限量的氣源，這類似于電力系統(tǒng)中只要將 可 得電能。用這種 法，壓力氣體可 氣源 個的各個 ，壓力氣體可通過空氣 物，這 物可能 氣動 件的 合部件如閥和氣 等，隨 各個中，空氣流減壓閥 減小氣壓合currency1一使用。因為空氣不是的“（fifl 的氣），氣壓系統(tǒng)需要一個 將 小的 過減壓閥的空氣中，這有于減氣動 件 合”動件的 。于來大氣中的空氣 不 量的，這 是有的，可 “過 和 ，因，在一 使用場合中，要用空氣 來 這 有的。于氣壓系統(tǒng)大氣氣產(chǎn)生過大 ，因可在氣閥和 件氣 安 來 低， 作 因 及 空氣 有可能的 。用氣動系統(tǒng) 壓系統(tǒng)有 下理 體的 氣體大，因，在 壓系統(tǒng)中， 件加 減 和閥 的質(zhì)量 是一個 在的，根據(jù)”動 （力等于質(zhì)量 加 ），產(chǎn)生加 ”動 所需力要 加 等體積空氣所需的力 出許多倍。 體 氣體具有更大的粘 ，這 因為內(nèi)摩擦而更大的壓力和功率 失；另外，于 壓系統(tǒng)使用的 體要與大氣隔絕故們需要特殊的箱和無泄漏系統(tǒng)設計。氣壓系統(tǒng)使用可 周圍環(huán)境中的空氣，一般來說氣壓系統(tǒng)沒有 體系統(tǒng)昂貴。而，于空氣的可壓縮 ，使得氣壓系統(tǒng) 件不可能得 確的 控制和位置控制。氣壓系統(tǒng)于壓縮機局限，其系統(tǒng)壓力相低（低于fl5 psi），而 壓力可達1 psi之 ，因 壓系統(tǒng)可是大功率系統(tǒng)，而氣動系統(tǒng)僅用于小功率系統(tǒng)。下面介紹廣泛應用于氣壓系統(tǒng)的各種閥門。閥門是國民濟建設中使用極為廣泛的一種機械產(chǎn)品。閥門在石、天氣