人教課標(biāo)版高二選修7Unit4 Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions WordsStudy 1 tochangeslightlytomakesomethingworkbetter2 amentalshelfforcookingmeat toastingbread etc3 connectedwithwhatisbeingdoneordiscussed4 anidea adjust grill relevant concept Findwordsintheunitforthefollowingmeanings 5 anhonour6 somethingthathasbeenorganized7 writtenworkinanoffice suchaswritingreportsorletters 8 tobreatheairintoyournosenoisily paperwork sniff privilege arrangement Completetheparagraphwiththewordorphrasesinthebox otherwiseairmailbedyingtoadjustmuddyhearfromfortnightplatformremote Sharonlookedatherselfinthemirrorandsighed Shehadpostedthe lettertoTimlastweekbuthadhadnoreply Shesmoothedherhairdownwithawetcomb wipedher shoes andthoughtaboutthethreeboyshehadevermet shewouldnothavemonthsshehadknowhim airmail muddy otherwise Hewasthenicestfalleninlovewithhim Shestillrememberedthathe quicklywhenheheardshecamefroma village Atfirstshehad himeveryweekbutnowshehadnotheardfora Why Shehaddecidedtofindout adjusted remote heardfrom fortnight Shewalkeddownthe tocatchthetraintoNewYorkfeelingbothexcitedandnervous She seehimagainbutwhatifhedidn twanttoseeher platform wasdyingto 1 relevant adj relevantly adv 有關(guān)的 有實(shí)際價(jià)值 重要性 的 反義詞 irrelevant berelevantto 與 有關(guān) beconnectedwithhavesthtodowith這種工作與性別無關(guān) Theworkofthiskindisnotrelevanttosex 這類課程與當(dāng)今的社會(huì)問題的關(guān)系而論已毫無實(shí)際價(jià)值 Thetypeofthecourseisnolongerrelevanttotoday ssocialproblem 2 adapt adjustadapt oneself to 適應(yīng) 適合 Youshouldadaptyourselftothenewenvironment 你應(yīng)該適應(yīng)新環(huán)境 adjust 適應(yīng) 調(diào)整 調(diào)節(jié) 使之適應(yīng)adjust oneself to adapt oneself to 適應(yīng) Headjustedhistiebeforeenteringthehall Youcan tseethroughthetelescopeuntilitisadjustedtoyoureyes adapt oneself to的to是介詞 后跟名詞或動(dòng)詞 ing形式 類似的詞組有 be get usedto習(xí)慣于berelatedto與 相關(guān)leadto帶領(lǐng) 導(dǎo)致 通向devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于contributeto為 作貢獻(xiàn)accessto接近 進(jìn)入 某地的 方法 注意 lookforwardto盼望payattentionto注意giveriseto引起beaccustomedto習(xí)慣于beaddictedto沉溺于stickto堅(jiān)持belongto屬于referto提到 涉及到 查閱 3 privilege 殊榮 Itwasaprivilegetoknowyou 能認(rèn)識(shí)你真是榮幸之至 privilege還表示 特權(quán) 權(quán)利 havetheprivilegetodosth havetherighttodosth 有特權(quán) 權(quán)利 干某事 Onlymembershavetheprivilegetousetheground theprivilegeofcitizenship equality公民權(quán) 平等權(quán) 4 otherwise adv conj 用別的方法 其他方面 否則 不然 or Heisslow butotherwiseheisagoodworker Seizethechance otherwise or youwillregretit 祈使句 and or otherwise 簡(jiǎn)單句 簡(jiǎn)單句常用將來時(shí) 1 Hurryup youwillbelate A andB otherwiseC ifD unless2 Studyhard youwillpasstheexam A andB orC ifD unless3 Studyhard youwillnotpasstheexam A andB otherwiseC ifD unless B A B PhrasesStudy Phrases 1 hearfrom收到來信2 bedyingto渴望 極想eacross 偶然 碰見 發(fā)現(xiàn)4 dryout完全變干 干透 使 變干5 dryup干枯 供應(yīng) 思路 枯竭6 inneed在困難中 在危機(jī)中7 stickout伸出8 upto多達(dá)9 makeadifference有影響 有作用10 carefor關(guān)心 照顧 喜歡 想要 與hear相關(guān)的短語 hearabout聽到關(guān)于 的消息hearfrom收到 的來信hearof聽說 聽到hearsb dosth 聽見某人做了某事hearsb doingsth 聽見某人正在做某事 1 hearfromsb receiveone sletter 在某些感官動(dòng)詞如 see hear feel watch observe notice listento等后 既可接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語 也可接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ) 1 Didyouhearsomeone laugh outside 2 Iheardsomeone read loudlyinthemorning 3 Hewasheard sing inthenextroom laughing read tosing Themissingboyswerelastseen neartheriver A playingB tobeplayingC playD toplay A 渴望 的類似說法1 haveastrongdesireforsth 2 beeagertodo3 bethirstyforsth 4 desiretodosth 5 longtodosth forsth 2 bedyingfor todosth 渴望 極想 渴望做某事I mdyingforapieceofcake Iamdyingtoknowwhereyouarefrom 1 我極想出國(guó) 2 他很渴望喝點(diǎn)酒 Iamdyingtogoabroad Hewasdyingforalittlewine eacross偶然遇見 發(fā)現(xiàn)Theboyshadnevercomeacrossanythinglikethisandstartedjumpingoutofthewindows 她在找東西時(shí)偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些舊信件 She inthecourseofhersearch cameacrosssomeoldletters 與come相關(guān)的短語 comealong快點(diǎn) 來吧comeback回來 折回comefrom來自 從 來comeoff從 離開 脫落comeout出來 出版comeup走過來 走近c(diǎn)omeover過來cometo來到 結(jié)果是 Don tforget I someinterestingbooksintheroom AcameaboutBcameacrossCcameoutDcameoff 2 Thissituationshouldneverhave AcameoverBcameupCcamebackDcameabout 3 Howisyourwork AcomingalongBcomingbackCcomingtoDcomingup B D A 4 dryout 使 變干 干透 1 他告訴我加熱罐子是為了使剩余的食物變干 Hetoldmethatthecanwasheatedto 2 Watertheplantregularly neverletting 讓土壤干枯 dryouttheleftoverfood thesoildryout 5 dryup 河流 湖泊等 干枯 弄干 曬干 變干 供應(yīng) 思路 枯竭 1 Duringthedrought theriverdriedup 2 Thewriter slongseparationfromsocialdrieduphisimagination 3 太陽很快就會(huì)把馬路曬干的 Thesunwillsoondryuptheroads 6 inneed在困難中 在危急中beinneedofsth需要havetheneedforsth對(duì) 的需要accordingtotheneed根據(jù)需要 句意理解 Afriendinneedisafriendindeed 患難朋友才是真朋友 1 我們應(yīng)該幫助有困難的人 Weshouldhelpthoseinneed 2 他現(xiàn)在很需要一大筆錢 Henowisingreatneedofmuchmoney 7 stickout伸出 突出stickoutforsth堅(jiān)持要求某事物sticktosth不放棄 1 She 伸出腳 andtrippedhimover 2 當(dāng)車開動(dòng)時(shí)不要把頭伸出車窗外 Don tstickyourheadoutofthewindowwhileitisrunning stuckoutherfoot 3 Onceadecisionhasbeenmade allofusshould it A directtoB sticktoC leadtoD referto B 8 makeadifference有影響 有作用 有差別makeno alittle much somedifference無 有一點(diǎn) 有很大 有一些差別tellthedifferencebetween說出 的差別bedifferentfrom與 不同makeadifferencebetween區(qū)分 1 我們應(yīng)該區(qū)分開對(duì)錯(cuò) Weshouldmakeadifferencebetweenrightandwrong 2 對(duì)我來說 他去不去都沒關(guān)系 Itmakesnodifferencetomewhetherhegoesornot 3 Doesit anydifferencewhetherweleaveat9 00orat10 00 A tellB beC giveD make D 9 carefor關(guān)心 照顧 喜歡 想要careabout在乎 關(guān)心takecareof照顧 保管withcare仔細(xì)地 認(rèn)真地becarefulof當(dāng)心 小心becarefulabout講究becarefulfor當(dāng)心 惦記 1 她一點(diǎn)也不在乎我 Shedoesn tcareaboutmeatall 2 你想要一杯茶嗎 Wouldyoucareforacupoftea Revisingusefulstructures 1 soI veincludedsomephotoswhichwillhelpyoupicturetheplacesItalkabout 2Theboyswhohadnevercomeacrossanythinglikethisbeforestartedjumpingoutofthewindows 3 andIdidvisitavillagewhichisthehomeofoneoftheboys 4 firstupamountaintoridgefromwherewehadfantasticviews 5TheonlypossessionsIcouldseewereonebroom 1 Imadethejarwhich 2 Paintingisanactivitythat herbirthday Igaveherfor enjoy Ireally 3 Theinterpretertowhomyou isonholiday 4 Themanwho isadoctor 5 Thewomanwhosedaughter isoverthere needtotalk justmarried mybestfriendhas Iwenttoschoolwith 6 Theschoolwhereyou hasbeenimproved 7 Anneisdoingsomeresearchonthetimewhenher studiedlastyear grandmotherwasachild 8 Thereasonwhyhe wasthathewaswatchinganinterviewofthefirstChineseastronautonTV waslateforschool 定語從句I 一 定義 在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句 Themanwholivesnexttousisalawyer Themanisalayer Themanlivesnexttous 被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有who whom whose which that等和關(guān)系副詞where when why等 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中擔(dān)任句子成分 二 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的作用 1 由who whom whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句這類定語從句中who用作主語 whom作賓語 whose作定語指人 Thisisthemanwhohelpedme 這位是幫過我的那個(gè)人 TheDoctorwhomyouarelookingforisintheroom 你找的那位大夫在屋里 DoyouknowthemanwhosenameisLiuXiang 你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)叫劉翔的人嗎 2 which引導(dǎo)的定語從句這類從句只能指物 which在從句中作主語或謂語動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語 Thisisthebookwhichyouwant 這就是你要的那本書 Thebuildingwhichstandsneartheriverisourschool 河邊的那棟樓是我們學(xué)校 Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop 有機(jī)器的房間是車間 1 whom whose which作介詞賓語時(shí) 介詞一般可放在它們之前 也可放在從句原來的位置上 在含有介詞的動(dòng)詞固定詞組中 介詞只能放在原來的位置上 注意 Thisisthepersonwhomyouarelookingfor 這位就是你在找的那個(gè)人 2 引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時(shí) 關(guān)系代詞往往用which 不用that Ihavelostmybook whichIlikeverymuch 注意 3 由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句that在定語從句中可以指人或物 在從句中作主語或謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語 但不能放在介詞后面作介詞賓語 TheletterthatIreceivedwasfrommyfather 我收到的那封信是我父親寫給我的 在下面幾種情況下必須用 that 引導(dǎo)定語從句 1 先行詞是不定代詞 all few little much something nothing anything等 AllthatwehavetodoistopracticeeveryDay 我們要做的就是每天練習(xí) 注意 2 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾 ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten 我所學(xué)的第一課永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了 Beartheminyourmind 3 先行詞被all any every each few little no some等修飾 Ihavereadallthebooks that yougaveme 你給我的書我全讀完了 4 先行詞被theonly thevery thelast修飾時(shí) HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkto 他是唯一的我想跟說話的人 5 先行詞既有人又有物時(shí) Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool 他們談?wù)撝麄兡苡浧鸬哪切┰趯W(xué)校的人和事 4 由when where why引導(dǎo)的定語從句 Iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate 我知道他為什么來晚了 Thisistheplacewherewelivedfor5years 這就是我住過五年的地方 IwillneverforgettheDaywhenImetMr Li 我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了遇到李先生的那天 先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)時(shí) 有時(shí)用where 有時(shí)用that which 引導(dǎo)定語從句 這時(shí)要看從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞還是不及物動(dòng)詞 如果是及物動(dòng)詞就用that which 否則用where Thisisthehousewherehelivedlastyear 這就是我去年住的房子 Thisisthehousethat which hevisitedlastyear 這就是我去年去過的房子 5 由as引導(dǎo)的定語從句as可作為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞來引導(dǎo)定語從句 1 such as 像 一樣的 像 之類 thesame as 和 同樣的 注意 在這兩個(gè)句型中 as是關(guān)系代詞 其中such same做定語 修飾主句的名詞 代詞 這個(gè)名詞是這個(gè)定語從句的先行詞 as在從句中擔(dān)任主 賓 表 Thisisthesamethingasweareinneedof Suchpeopleasyousayareshortnow 2 suchas such為代詞 意思為 這樣的人 物 as修飾先行詞such ThisbookisnotsuchasIhope 3 thesame as thesame that 用一個(gè) asthat都引導(dǎo)定語從句 意思幾乎相同 但從句中省去謂語是必須用as Sheisthesameageasyouthatyouare 4 as 有些 在這里 as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句 相當(dāng)于which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句 有時(shí)可互換 HeisfromBeijing as whichtheyknowfromthewayhespeaks 三 注意事項(xiàng) 關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞在定從中的不同成分 a Thisistheplacewhereheworks Thisistheplacewhich that wevisitedlastyear b Thatwasthetimewhenhearrived Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat which wespenttogether c Thisisthereasonwhyhewent Thereasonthat which hegaveuswasquitereasonable 1 I vereadallthebooks yougaveme A whichB themC whatD that 2 Thereisn tmuch Icando A whatB whichC thatD how C D I Choosetherightanswer 3 Hekeepsarecordofeverything hehadseenthere A heB thatC whichD what 4 Tellusaboutthepeopleandtheplaces aredifferentfromours A thatB whoC whichD whom A B 5 MrJohnsaidthatSuzhouwasthefirstcity hehadvisitedinChina A thatB whereC whichD what A 6 TheTVplayIwatchedlastnightisthebestone Ihavewatchedthisyear A whichB whatC whoseD that D 7 LastSundaytheyreachedQingdao aconferencewastobeheld A whichB thatC whenD where D 8 Isthisthemuseum youvisitedtheotherday A thatB whereC inwhichD theone 9 IbegantoworkinBeijingintheyear NewChinawasfounded A whenB thatC whichD where A A 10 Thisistheveryfilm I velongwishedtosee A whichB thatC whoD whom 11 Thereisnodifficulty can tbeovercomeintheworld A thatB whichC whoD what A B 12 Whoistheperson isstandingatthegateofBeijingTourismTower A whoB thatC whichD whom B 13 Thiswasthesupermarket Iboughtthiskindoftin A whereB thatC whoD which 14 Thehouse thecapitalistusedtoliveinisnowanursery A thatB whereC whatD when A A 15 Thisisthelasttime Ishallcomeheretohelpyou A thatB whichC whenD what 16 Thehouse weliveisnotbig A inthatB whichC inwhichD that A C 17 Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble wasverykindofthem A whoB thatC whichD whom C 18 All glittersisnotgold A thatB whichC 不填D what 19 InowknowwhyMaoimpresseseveryonewhomeetshimtheway hedoes A whichB whatC 不填D now C A 20 Beijing isthecapitalofChina isabeautifulcity A thatB itC whichD 不填 21 Shewasnolongerthewomanshewas A thatB whichC whatD who A C 22 That sthehotel lastyear A whichwestayedB atthatwestayedC WherewestayedatD wherewestayed D 23 Thedoctordidall tosavethewoundedboy A whathecouldB hecouldC everythingwhichhecouldD forwhichhecoulddo B 24 Anyone thisopinionmayspeakout A thatagainstsB thatagainstC whoisagainstD whoareagainst C 25 Theplace youarestandingusedtobeanoldchurch A whichB whereC thatD when 26 You vemadethesamemistake youmadelasttime A asB likeC whichD that A B 27 Itisnotsuchaninterestingmagazine Ithought A asB thatC whichD 不填 28 youknow heisafamousmusician A AsB whichC ThatD 不填 A A 29 MrZhou nativelanguagewasChinese couldreadandwriteseveralforeignlanguages A whoseB hisC whichD that A 30 Doyouknowtheactor yousawplayingHamletisnowdoingKingLear A whoB whomC whoseD which B 31 ItookmyfriendtotheSummerPalace wehadsomephotostaken A whereB whichC thatD 不填 A 32 Doyouremembertheday yoursisterwasgraduatedasaMasterofArts A whichB onwhichC aboutwhichD 不填 B 33 Thebus wasalreadyfull wassurroundedbyanan