長 句 練 習1The machine would have to be able to move about in a house designed for human beings and would therefore have to go through a normal door, open such a door and close it, and walk up and down stairs over irregularities on the floor.這種機器（人）應當能夠在供人居住的房子里四處走動，因此，它或許就得通過普通的門，會開門關門，會上樓下樓，甚至還得跨過地板上的雜物。（詞義慎選）2In the western preoccupation with the self, one finds often a sense of encapsulation and isolation, not only in the form of an estrangement from God or from a system of stable values, but also from other persons.在西方對于自我的先入之見中，往往可以發(fā)現(xiàn)困頓感和疏離感，不僅表現(xiàn)為同上帝或某種穩(wěn)定價值系統(tǒng)的疏遠，而且還表現(xiàn)為同他人的疏遠。（詞義的引申）3The professor, annoyed at the interruption of his flow of eloquence, held up his hand：“Wait, just one minute, gentlemen. I have a few more pearls to cast.”那位教授口若懸河講得正起勁，突然受到學生的干擾，滿懷不悅，于是舉起手來說道：“稍等一下，諸位，我還有幾粒珍珠要投擲呢！”（成語典故）4Zhou came through to Kissinger as subtle, brilliant, and indirect, a politician of vision who refused to get bogged down in petty detail.在基辛格眼里，周恩來敏銳、聰慧而含蓄，是一位目光遠大，不斤斤于細節(jié)的政治家。5Any writer who deals with a fast-developing subject is faced with a dilemma in choosing a balance between history, present practice and future possibilities.任何一位想論述一門飛速發(fā)展學科的作者，每逢他在以往的歷史經(jīng)驗，現(xiàn)有的實際情況以及將來的可能發(fā)展這三者間均衡地取材時，都會感到左右為難。（修辭的平衡）6They were, in fact, very fine ladies; not deficient in good-humor when they were pleased, nor in the power of being agreeable when they chose it; but proud and conceited. 事實上，他們都是非常優(yōu)雅的小姐；她們并不是不會談笑風生，問題是在要碰到她們高興的時候；她們也不是不會待人和顏悅色，問題是在于她們是否樂意這樣做；可惜的是，她們一味驕傲自大。（語氣、韻味的翻譯）7Scientific exploration, the search for knowledge, has given man the practical abilities of being able to shield himself from the calamities of nature and the calamities imposed by other men.科學探索，知識追求，使人獲得了避免天災人禍的實力。(減縮)8For students of composition, an awareness that rhetorical patterns differ from one culture to another can help them become more quickly proficient in a writing pattern that is not native to them.學習寫作的人，若能意識到各種文化在修辭模式上的差別，則有助于他們迅速掌握非母語的寫作模式。（轉換詞性、語氣）9Life lasts the time a match flickers. How, then, can one afford not to make the most of it before it expires? 生命稍縱即逝，既然如此，一個人怎能再起生命之火熄滅以前不加以充分利用呢？（歸化）生命之短暫猶如火柴之一劃， （異化，貼近原文表達）10All the wisdom of the ages, all the stories that have delighted mankind for centuries, are easily and cheaply available to all of us within the covers of books but we must know how to avail ourselves of this treasure and how to get the most from it.書中藏有歷代的智慧格言和千百年來不斷激勵人類的事實傳說，人人皆可獲得，且方便經(jīng)濟，但我們必須懂得如何利用這些寶藏，懂得如何從中受益。（變換主語）11Light is made to change its normal straight-line course by being reflected off a mirror or some other special surface.光從鏡子或其他特制的表面反射出去，就改變其正常的光路。（被動的譯法）12There are no problems in the production of such a domestic robot to which we do not have already the glimmering of a solution.生產(chǎn)這樣的家用機器人，盡管仍存在許多問題，然而這些問題的解決，已初露端倪。已有頭緒/ 已有了苗頭。（否定的翻譯）13This book could not have been written or published without the help of dozens of people, and I am deeply grateful to all of them.本書的寫作和出版曾得到十多位友人的各種幫助，謹此一并深表謝意。（表達法：正反，反正？）14I feel I cannot let the occasion pass without writing a word of thanks for your very kind and acceptable thought in providing such a magnificent reunion dinner for us on Thursday evening last.上星期四晚，您為我們舉行了隆重的聚餐會。對于您作此友好而稱人心意的考慮，我感到不能就此了解，不予表示，故特寫此信以表謝意。（斷句：意群、話題斷句）15The Chinese, unlike westerners, are too enmeshed in their kinship to give themselves to do-or-die situations involving distant causes. On the other hand, they were much more tied psychologically to their kinship base. Their rule of equal division of inheritance reinforced this tie from generation to generation. 中國人不同于西方人，他們牢牢地囿于親屬關系，難以為了長遠事業(yè)而置身生死關頭的情況。另一方面，他們在心理上更多的為親屬關系所束縛，財產(chǎn)繼承的平分原則一代又一代地強化著這種束縛。16An excellent, all-round student with a congenial personality, Miss Ruel is a promising candidate for WOW, an international scholarship program for outstanding women around the world.魯爾小姐是一個全面發(fā)展的學生、品學兼優(yōu)，是WOW前程無量的候選人；WOW是乃是為世界各國杰出女性而設立的一個國際性的獎學金項目。（同位語的處理）17I should like to see in her eyes that strength of character which has enable her to stand firm in the face of difficulties, and that compassion for all humanity which she has revealed to me so often. I should want not merely to see the outline of her face, so that I could cherish it in my memory, but to study that face and find in it the living evidence of the sympathetic tenderness and patience with which she accomplished the difficult task of my education.我渴望看一看她雙眼中顯示的堅毅的性格，正是這種性格使她面對重重困難而堅定不移；還有那對整個人類的摯誠之愛，這種摯愛她也曾多次傾注于我。我不禁渴望看到她的臉龐，以便把她珍藏在我的記憶中，而且渴望能端詳她的面容，并從中找到她富于同情、柔情和耐心的活生生的表現(xiàn)，正是由于這種柔情和耐性，她完成了教育我的艱巨任務。（定語從句的翻譯）18The traders wanted safe access to large quantities of Oriental spices, which the European world had come to like, and which people needed for preserving food in days before the introduction of cold storage.商人們想平安無事地獲取大量的東方香料，這些香料已經(jīng)為歐洲人所喜愛，而且在沒有發(fā)明冷藏法的當時，香料也是人們儲藏食品所必須的。（定語從句的翻譯）19A gulf had opened between them over which they looked at each other with eyes that were on either side a declaration of the deception suffered. It was a strange opposition, of the like of which she had never dreamed - an opposition in which the vital principle of one was a thing of contempt to the other.他們之間產(chǎn)生了一條鴻溝，雙方隔溝相對而視，彼此的目光宣告受盡了對方的欺騙。這是一種奇特的對立。她連做夢也沒想到竟會鬧到這個樣子。由于這種對立，一方視為至關重要的原則，成了另一方不屑一顧的東西。（定語從句的翻譯）20Then we are faced with a choice between using technology to provide and fulfil needs which have hitherto been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn a given standard of living.于是我們就面臨一種選擇：要么利用技術提供并滿足迄今為止一直被視為并無必要的各種需求，要么利用技術縮短人們?yōu)榱司S持一定的生活水平而必須工作的時數(shù)。21Four milestones can be identified in the slow process by which meteorology has been transformed from the beginning stages when it embraced most of sciences, on through an era of narrow concern with local weather conditions to the present, when its subject matter is so broadened and changed that it has even acquired a new namethe atmospheric science.氣象學緩慢發(fā)展的過程中曾出現(xiàn)了四個里程碑：從包羅各種學科內(nèi)容的萌芽階段經(jīng)過只涉及當?shù)貧夂驐l件的階段，繼而發(fā)展到了目前階段。由于這門學科的題材如此之廣，變化如此之大，而今獲得了一個新的名稱：大氣科學。22Operations performed by his sterilized instruments and cleaned with his sterilized swabs left cuts which naturally healed, when under the old system they would have broken down into gangrene or some other of the dread hospital diseases.由于使用了他的消毒器械和藥棉，手術之后傷口會自然愈合；可是若按舊的一套手術方法，傷口就會惡化變?yōu)閴木?，或者染上其他可怕的醫(yī)療病癥。23You must fix in mind the symbols and formulae, definitions and laws of physics, no matter how complex they may be, when you come in contact with them, in order that you may understand the subject better and lay a solid foundation for further study.為了更好地學習物理學并為進一步學習打好堅實的基礎，當你接觸到物理學上的符號、公式、定義和定律時，不論它們多么復雜，你也必須牢牢記住。24 In short, a leader of the new school contends, the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.新學派的一位領袖人物堅持說，“總之，我們所說的科學革命，主要是指一系列工具的改進、發(fā)明和使用。這使得科學發(fā)展的范圍無所不及?！?5The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation.科學研究的方法，不過是人類思維活動必要的表達方式，也就是對一切現(xiàn)象進行思索并給以精確而嚴謹?shù)谋磉_方式。26The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match the growth of population, which means that we are heading