Accountability問(wèn)責(zé) SPSTrainingJune2016Rev 4 Accountabilityagenda WhatisAccountability NecessaryConditionsforAccountability ManagementResponsibilities AccountabilityTracking 什么是責(zé)任責(zé)任必要條件管理職責(zé)責(zé)任追蹤 問(wèn)責(zé)議程 Whatisourgoalforemployeeaccountability Howdoweaddressemployeeaccountability Whataretheactiontrackerexpectations Howdowecreateaworkplacewhereeveryoneisaccountable Takeaways 我們對(duì)員工責(zé)任的目標(biāo)是什么我們?nèi)绾翁幚韱T工責(zé)任行動(dòng)跟蹤的期望是什么我們?nèi)绾蝿?chuàng)造一個(gè)工作地方讓所有人都負(fù)有責(zé)任 審核后可以帶走的結(jié)論 Whatisaccountability Thestateofbeingaccountable liable oranswerable Anindividualsobligationtoreport explainorjustify Demonstratesresponsibility ownershipandcommitment Accountabilityisaconceptseparatefromdisciplinaryaction 負(fù)責(zé)的 有義務(wù)的 或應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任的個(gè)人去報(bào)告 解釋和證明的義務(wù)論證責(zé)任 所有權(quán)和承諾責(zé)任是一個(gè)概念 與有紀(jì)律的行為分開(kāi) 什么是責(zé)任 Whyisaccountabilityimportant Resolveproblems Meettargetsregardingquality scrap fillrate safety Respectanddevelopmentforemployees Createsownership participationandresponsibility 解決問(wèn)題關(guān)于品質(zhì) 報(bào)廢 填充率 安全的目標(biāo)達(dá)成對(duì)員工尊重和開(kāi)發(fā)創(chuàng)造所有權(quán) 分享和責(zé)任心 為什么責(zé)任很重要 Necessaryconditionsforaccountability 1 Clearandmeasurabletargets 2 Reviewoftargetsatregularintervals 3 Nofaultculture 4 Feedback coachingandcorrectiveactions 清晰并可量測(cè)的目標(biāo)定期檢討目標(biāo)無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)文化反饋 指導(dǎo)和糾正措施 問(wèn)責(zé)的必要條件 1 Clearandmeasurabletargets Anysystemthatcreatesvaluemusthaveatarget Targetsensureorganizationalgoalsaremet Visualtargetsenhancereal timeproblemdiscovery Eachemployeeneedstounderstandtheirtargets Leadershipmustcommunicateimportanttargets Leadershipmustcommittofollowup 1 清晰和可量測(cè)的目標(biāo) 所有創(chuàng)造價(jià)值的系統(tǒng)必須有目標(biāo)目標(biāo)是確保組織的目標(biāo)達(dá)成可視化的目標(biāo)提高實(shí)時(shí)的發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題每個(gè)員的都必須清楚他們的目標(biāo)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層必須傳達(dá)重要的目標(biāo)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層必須致力于跟進(jìn) 2 Reviewoftargetsatregularintervals Frequencymustsupporttargetgoals Frequencymayvarybylevel projectsvsprocess hourlyvsdaily Setexpectationsandensuretimelyaction Createscoaching mentoringopportunities 頻率需以目標(biāo)為導(dǎo)向?qū)Σ煌乃筋l率可能會(huì)有變化 項(xiàng)目對(duì)比過(guò)程 每小時(shí)對(duì)比每天 設(shè)定預(yù)期并確保及時(shí)行動(dòng)創(chuàng)造教練和輔導(dǎo)機(jī)會(huì) 2 定期檢討目標(biāo) Hourlygoals example小時(shí)目標(biāo) Reviewoftargets 5questions Whatisyourtargetcondition Whatisyouractualcondition Whatobstaclesarepreventingyoufromachievingyourtargetcondition Whatobstaclesareyouaddressingnow Whatisyourplan WhencanIcomeandseetheresults 你的目標(biāo)是什么你的實(shí)際狀況又是什么什么阻礙了你達(dá)到目標(biāo)狀態(tài)你目前需要解決的問(wèn)題是什么 你的計(jì)劃是什么 我什么時(shí)候能夠看到結(jié)果 目標(biāo)回顧 5個(gè)問(wèn)題 3 Nofaultculture Employeesmustbeabletoraiseproblemsorconcernswithoutfear Fearofraisingproblemswillpreventdiscoveryandresolution Howcantheyhaveadifferentexperience Whatshouldyoudoornotdodifferently 員工必須能夠不害怕怕反映問(wèn)題或障礙害怕提出問(wèn)題將阻止發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決問(wèn)題如何讓他們有不同的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)銘?yīng)該做或不做一些的什么東西來(lái)顯示不同 無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)文化 Leadersroleinnofaultculture Takeeachproblemseriously Reassureemployeeandmakethemengage Reflectandcoachonemployeesplantoaddresscause Provideresourcestoaddresstheproblem Allowtheemployeetoexecuteontheplan 認(rèn)真對(duì)待每一個(gè)問(wèn)題安撫員工 并讓他們參與在員工計(jì)劃中加入反映和教導(dǎo)去解決根本原因提供資源去解決問(wèn)題允許員工去執(zhí)行計(jì)劃 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層在無(wú)過(guò)錯(cuò)文化中的角色 4 Feedback coaching actions Providespositivefeedbackbyverifyingthattasks Arebeingdone Arebeingvisuallycheckedoutintheworkplace Arecheckedinasupportiveandcollaborativeway Leadershipcoachesandmentorsemployees Assistinidentifyingabnormalconditions Askinvestigativequestionstodiscoverobstacles 4 反饋 教導(dǎo) 行動(dòng) 通過(guò)確認(rèn)工作提供積極的反饋 正在進(jìn)行 在工作場(chǎng)所能通過(guò)目視化檢查出來(lái) 支持和協(xié)作的方式下被檢查領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層教導(dǎo)和員工導(dǎo)師 幫助定義異常條件 問(wèn)探究性的問(wèn)題去發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題 4 Feedback coaching actions Leadershipreviewsresultsofeachopenaction Reviewobstacles Getfeedback Coachonrequiredaction Makesdecisions 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層審查每個(gè)沒(méi)有關(guān)閉的行動(dòng)結(jié)果 回顧障礙 得到反饋 指導(dǎo)所需的行動(dòng) 決策 4 反饋 教導(dǎo) 行動(dòng) Employeeaccountability Howdoweaddressemployeeaccountability Worktoresolvewhyexpectationswerenotmet Addressrootcauseissuesbasedonresults Askopenmindedinvestigatingquestions Example Whatpreventedyoufromhittingyourtarget 我們?nèi)绾翁幚韱T工責(zé)任努力解決為什么沒(méi)有達(dá)到預(yù)期處理基于結(jié)果的根本原因問(wèn)開(kāi)放性的問(wèn)題如什么阻礙了你達(dá)到你的目標(biāo) 員工責(zé)任 Accountabilityinvestigation Isthereaproblemwhereanemployeecouldnotdotheirworkproperly Didtheyknowhow Istheprocedurecorrectandunderstandable Weretheyproperlytrained Didtheyhavetherighttools resources Wasthereasafetyconcern 責(zé)任研究 是否存在員工不能正確地完成他們的工作 他們知道如何做嗎過(guò)程正確和容易理解嗎他們訓(xùn)練有素嗎他們是否擁有一些合適的工具 資源是否存在安全隱患 Haveyougoneandwatchedtheprocessforyourself Haveyoucommunicatedtotheemployeeyourconcernsaboutthemdoingthejobcorrectly Dootheremployeesmakethesamemistake Accountabilityinvestigation 你去看過(guò)這個(gè)過(guò)程了嗎 你有沒(méi)有跟員工溝通過(guò)你擔(dān)心他們不能正確的完成工作其他員工是否會(huì)犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤 責(zé)任研究 Istheprocesssound Toolsandequipmentinpropercondition Keyproductioncharacteristicsidentified Builtinstationqualitychecksinplace Mistakeproofingdevicesinplace Goodcommunicationandsupport Accountabilityinvestigation 責(zé)任研究 過(guò)程合理嗎 工具和設(shè)備狀況良好嗎 能識(shí)別關(guān)鍵生產(chǎn)特性嗎 工位的質(zhì)量檢查到位嗎 防錯(cuò)到位嗎 有良好的溝通和支持 Discipline Whenisdisciplinaryactionappropriate Employeenegligence Whenthereisnoefforttoimprove Failuretofollowstandardwork 什么時(shí)候進(jìn)行紀(jì)律處分恬當(dāng) 員工疏忽當(dāng)沒(méi)有努力去改善時(shí)不尊守標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作 紀(jì)律 Accountabilitydiscussion AsenioroperatorhasbeenrunningmachineAforoverayearnow Eachdaythisweekshehasmissedherexpectedtarget Theproductivitysheetshowsmachinedowntimethatseemstobeexcessivecomparedtoothershifts Thetargetisreasonableasothershiftsarehittingit Discussion Whoshouldbeaccountabletoensurethatthedailytargetismet Youareaskedtoinvestigate Usetheemployeeaccountabilityquestionsandthefivefocusingquestionstohelpguidewithyourinvestigation 一個(gè)資深的員工己經(jīng)運(yùn)行一個(gè)設(shè)備A超過(guò)一年 這個(gè)星期每天她都達(dá)不到目標(biāo)生產(chǎn)效率報(bào)表體現(xiàn)設(shè)備停機(jī)超過(guò)其他班的表現(xiàn)目標(biāo)是合理的 因?yàn)槠渌嗤ㄟ_(dá)到討論誰(shuí)應(yīng)該對(duì)確保每天目標(biāo)達(dá)成負(fù)責(zé)你被要求去研究 使用員工問(wèn)責(zé)和5個(gè)重要問(wèn)題去幫助你的研究 問(wèn)責(zé)討論 Examplesandsuggestions 1 Dailyaccountabilitymeetings 2 Gembawalks 3 Check How sMyProcess 4 Visualtargetsandfeedbackmechanisms 5 Leaderstandardwork LSW 1 每天問(wèn)責(zé)會(huì)議2 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)巡視3 檢查 我的過(guò)程如何4 目視化目標(biāo)和反饋機(jī)制5 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作 案例和建議 1 Dailyaccountabilitymeeting Directreportsreview5focusingquestions Target actual obstacles howaddressing followupdate Leaderreflectsandcoaches DotheanswersmakesenseincontextofPDCA Isrootcauseaddressed Isitasystemorpersonnelissue Reviewofplansandactions Whatisyourplan whatdidyouexpecttohappen whathappened whatdidyoulearn Assignnewfollowupdate 直接匯報(bào)確認(rèn)5個(gè)重要問(wèn)題 目標(biāo) 實(shí)際 阻礙 如何解決 跟進(jìn)日期領(lǐng)導(dǎo)反映和教導(dǎo) 答案合符PDCA邏輯嗎根本原因解決了嗎這是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)問(wèn)題還是個(gè)人問(wèn)題確認(rèn)計(jì)劃和行動(dòng) 你的計(jì)劃是什么 你期望發(fā)生什么 發(fā)生了什么 你學(xué)到什么指定新的跟蹤日期 1 每天問(wèn)責(zé)會(huì)議 2 Gembawalks Teamisfromproductionandsupportgroups Teamplusoperationsleaderobservethecell Focusisonproblemdiscovery RecordissuesonGembaboardforfollowup Verifyupdatesfromaccountabilitymeeting How syourprocess mayenhanceoperatorparticipation 團(tuán)隊(duì)來(lái)住生產(chǎn)和支援部門(mén)團(tuán)隊(duì) 生產(chǎn)主管對(duì)生產(chǎn)單元進(jìn)行觀察焦點(diǎn)放在發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題上在看板上記錄問(wèn)題確認(rèn)問(wèn)責(zé)會(huì)議中的更新 你的過(guò)程如何 將鞏固員工的參與感 2 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)巡視 3 How sMyProcess Operatordriven4Maccountabilityreportwithfeedbackmechanism MaterialsMethodsManpowerMachinesRed yellow greenstatusoncriticalproductioncategories 員工使用反饋機(jī)制驅(qū)動(dòng)4M責(zé)任報(bào)告材料方法人機(jī)器在重點(diǎn)工序上的紅色 黃色 綠色狀態(tài) 3 你的過(guò)程如何 Dai How smyprocess我的過(guò)程如何Sampleofadailysignoffsheetthatcanbeusedtoaddressaccountabilityissues 日常點(diǎn)檢表可以用于處理責(zé)任問(wèn)題Whencoulditbeused Newoperator Newprocess Areawhennothittingtarget Makesexpectationsclear highlightissuesearly什么時(shí)候使用 新員工 新過(guò)程 當(dāng)有區(qū)域沒(méi)有達(dá)到目標(biāo)時(shí) 讓期望清晰 更早的凸顯問(wèn)題 4 Visualtargets feedbackmechanisms Ideally theanswerstothe5focusingquestionsshouldbevisual AllowsforgreatertimetostudyandcoachonproblemsandPDCA Examples Andoncounters Productionboards Gemba accountabilityboards Standardworkdocuments Visualmanagement 5S Transparencyisthekeytosuccess 理想的 5個(gè)重要問(wèn)題的答案應(yīng)該被目視化允許有更多的時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí) 指導(dǎo)問(wèn)題和PDCA例如安燈計(jì)數(shù)器生產(chǎn)看板現(xiàn)場(chǎng) 責(zé)任看板標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文件目視化管理 5S透明度是成功的關(guān)鍵 4 目視化目標(biāo) 反饋機(jī)制 5 Leaderstandardwork LSW Identifieswhataleaderisaccountablefor LSWmustbedoneonsetschedule Primaryfunctionistoensuredirectreportsstandardworkisbeingdone Documentsexpectations Deviationswillhelptoidentifyproblems AccountabilityispartofyourdailyLSW 定義一個(gè)組長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該對(duì)什么負(fù)責(zé)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作須在設(shè)定的期限內(nèi)完成主要功能是確保直接匯報(bào)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作被完成書(shū)面的預(yù)期偏差將有助于識(shí)別問(wèn)題問(wèn)責(zé)是你每天的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作 5 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)工作 Accountabilitytrackingprocess Actiontracker Helpsintheaccountabilityprocess Usedonaregulardailybasis Recordsatleastthefollowing 1 Actionitemnumber2 What3 Who4 When5 Status 行動(dòng)跟蹤問(wèn)責(zé)過(guò)程的幫助日常工作中的使用至少記錄以下內(nèi)容1 行動(dòng)序號(hào)2 什么事情3 誰(shuí)去做4 什么時(shí)候做5 狀態(tài) 責(zé)任跟蹤過(guò)程 Accountabilitytrackingprocess What Obstacles correctiveactionsoropportunitiesforimprovementdiscoveredintheworkcell Notsoleresponsibilityoftheowner butusuallyateam Who Onlyoneprimarypersonisassignedthetask 什么事情阻礙 糾正措施或在生產(chǎn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)的改善機(jī)會(huì)不是負(fù)責(zé)人的主要責(zé)任 通常是一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)誰(shuí)只有一個(gè)主要的人被分配了主要任務(wù) 責(zé)任跟蹤過(guò)程 Accountabilitytrackingprocess When Reasonableduedatewithexpectationstocompletebythatdate Status Needaformalchecktoverifythatassignedandagreeduponactionhasbeencompleted Otherwisethereiszeroaccountabilityandzerofollow through Periodicallycheckactionstatusbetweenassignmentandcompletion andcheckwhencompleted 什么時(shí)候合理的完成日期 和期望完成日期狀態(tài)需要一個(gè)正式的檢查去確認(rèn)所分配的任務(wù)和議定的行動(dòng)己完成否則將沒(méi)有責(zé)任和沒(méi)有跟蹤定期檢查分配的任務(wù)和完成之間的行動(dòng)狀態(tài) 并在完成后再檢查一遍 責(zé)任跟蹤過(guò)程 ExampleonaGembaboard Accountabilityt