代詞1、 考點(diǎn)、熱點(diǎn)總結(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)1人稱(chēng)代詞和it的用法知識(shí)點(diǎn)2物主代詞和指示代詞的用法知識(shí)點(diǎn)3反身代詞的用法代詞：是用來(lái)代替名詞的詞。它是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)重要詞類(lèi)，也是測(cè)試的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容之一。常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)有： 人稱(chēng)代詞的主賓格及其句法功能； 形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的用法和區(qū)別； 指示代詞的用法； 反身代詞的用法及其語(yǔ)法功能； 不定代詞的用法；例1：人稱(chēng)代詞和it的用法人稱(chēng)代詞指表示“你，我，他”等人稱(chēng)的代詞，它有單復(fù)數(shù)，性別及主格與賓格的變化。人稱(chēng)代詞主格在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，人稱(chēng)代詞賓格在句中應(yīng)放在動(dòng)詞或介詞后充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)；人稱(chēng)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱(chēng)Iwe第二人稱(chēng)youyouyou第三人稱(chēng)hehimtheythemsheitit1、人稱(chēng)代詞的主格在句子中作主語(yǔ)。（1）單數(shù)人稱(chēng)并列作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其順序?yàn)椋骸澳?，她（他），我”。但承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候?qū)或We置于最前面。You, she and I all enjoy music. 我，你和她都喜歡音樂(lè)。I and he are wrong. 我和他都錯(cuò)了。（2）復(fù)數(shù)人稱(chēng)并列作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其順序?yàn)椋骸拔覀?，你們，他們”。We, you and they should return on time. 我們，你們和他們應(yīng)該按時(shí)回來(lái)。2、人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格在句子中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。My parents like her very much. 我父母非常喜歡她。Whats wrong with him? 他怎么了？練習(xí)：Look at the photo. The girl beside _ is Nancy. A.I B. my C.me D. mine It的用法1、人稱(chēng)代詞it通常指事物，也可指不知性別的人或嬰兒。 -Wheres tea grown? 什么地方種植茶？ -Its grown in the southeast of China. 中國(guó)東南部種植。 The baby is crying. It might be hungry. 那個(gè)嬰兒在哭，它可能是餓了。2、it 還可以指天氣，時(shí)間，距離等。Its very cold today. 今天非常冷。Its ten oclock now. 現(xiàn)在是10點(diǎn)鐘。3、It還有一些特別的用法（1）用作形式主語(yǔ)，常用于“Its+形容詞（+for/of sb.）+to do”句型中。 Its very important for us to learn English well.（2）用作形式賓語(yǔ)，用來(lái)代替動(dòng)詞不定式或從句，常用在動(dòng)詞make, find等后。 I found it hard to fly a kite.練習(xí)：_ is impolite to cut in line when you are waiting for a bus. A.This B. That C.It D. Which例2：物主代詞和指示代詞的用法物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。其各種形式如下表類(lèi)別單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)形容詞性物主代詞myyourHisHeritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyoursHisHersitsoursyourstheirs形容詞性物主代詞后面要接名詞，而名詞性物主代詞后面則不接名詞.I like my pen. I dont like hers.練習(xí)： Is that _ dog? No, _ is white. A . his ; His B. Her ; Its C. he ; his D. her ; Her指示代詞是用來(lái)指示人或事物的代詞，主要有this, that, these, those等。在句中做主語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)。1. this, these 指時(shí)間或空間上較近的人或事物；that, those指較遠(yuǎn)的人或事物。 This is a map of China and that is a map of the world.2. that, those指代上文提到的人或事物；this, these指代下文將要敘述的人或事物。 Those are the books which may be useful to you.3. 用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)敲門(mén)的人是誰(shuí)。 Whos that / it?練習(xí)：She had a cold yesterday. _ is why she didnt come to work. A. This B. Those C.These D. That例3：反身代詞的用法反身代詞是一種表示反身或強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞。它由第一人稱(chēng)，第二人稱(chēng)的形容詞性物主代詞和第三人稱(chēng)賓格，加上-self或-selves構(gòu)成。人稱(chēng)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)myselfourselves第二人稱(chēng)yourselfyourselves第三人稱(chēng)HimselfHerselfitselfthemselves 1、反身代詞在句中一般用作賓語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)，不可單獨(dú)做主語(yǔ)，也可作并列主語(yǔ)的后一部分。反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常用在enjoy, teach, help, buy, wash, look after等動(dòng)詞及一些介詞后。 The children teach themselves English.2、常用于固定搭配中enjoy oneself 玩的愉快 learn.by oneself 自學(xué) dress oneself 穿衣 help oneself to 隨便吃 by oneself 獨(dú)自 for oneself 親自練習(xí)：1.Each of the students is going to have_ examined before graduation. A.he B.him C.himself D. His 2. I guess Tom and his sister Celia enjoyed _ at the party. A. myself B.himself C. herself D. themselves補(bǔ)充：（一） few, a few, little 和a little(1) few和 a few 用來(lái)修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞，其中a few 表示肯定，“有一點(diǎn)”，few表示否定，“幾乎沒(méi)有”。 A few people can live to 100, but few can live to 150.（2） little和a little則用來(lái)修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞，其中a little 表示肯定，“有一點(diǎn)”；little表示否定，“幾乎沒(méi)有”。 There is a little time left. Hurry up! Bob couldnt buy the dictionary because he had little money on him.(3) a little 可修飾形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)和比較級(jí)。 That is a little expensive. Your work is a little more than mine. （二）another, other(s) 和 the other(s)(1) another可單獨(dú)使用，泛指三者或三者以上的“另一個(gè)”，也可修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，還可后接“大于一的基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”。 There are three pens on the desk. One is red, another is yellow, the third is black. Some players will stay in Canada for another seven days.(2) other可單獨(dú)使用但必須與the連用，表示”兩者或部分中的另一個(gè)或部分”，也可修飾名詞。The other可用來(lái)表示“兩個(gè)人或物中的另一個(gè)”，含有特指的意味。 One of my brothers is named Tony, the other is John.(3) others相當(dāng)于“other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，表示“另外的一些.（并非全部）”，單獨(dú)使用；the others相當(dāng)于“the other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，單獨(dú)使用，特指另外的全部人或物。Some of them are red; others are brown.Twenty of the class are boys, the others are girls.2、 典型例題例（一）1. My parents cant go to see the film tonight because _ are busy. A.him B. them C. they D. he2. Sally is a cute and lovely girl.We all like _. A. she B. her C. hers D.his3. Most young people find _ exciting to watch a football match. A. it B. this C. that D. one4.-Mom,I want to ask my grandpa a question. -Oh!_is reading a newspaper upstairs. A.He B.His C.Him D.Himself5.-Is this Sams bike or yours? -Its my bike, not_. A.yours B.him C.his D. he6. Sorry. _ made you angry. A.John and I B. I and John C.Me and John D.John and we7.we like Mr Green because he often tells _ funny stories in class. A.we B.us C. our D. ours8.Im go skating. Would you like to go with _ ? A. me B. I C. my D. mine9.-I havent got a digital camera. -I think you should buy_.Its useful for you. A.one B.this C.that D.it10.This isnt my dictionary. I left _ at home. A. my B. mine C. I D. Me例（二）1. _ police officers in the UK carry guns, but most of them dont. A. No B. Some C.Many D.All 2.This is a very old song, so _young people know it. A. few B.little C. a few D. a little3.There arent many oranges here, but you can take _ if you want to. A. few B. a few C. a little D.little4. Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take us _ time to go to Pudong International Airport. A. a few B.fewer C. a little D.less5.In order to keep healthy, you should eat_ fast food, _ fresh vegetables and take enough exercise. A. fewer / fewer B. less / more C. fewer / more D. less / less6.Can we do our work better with _money and _ people? A. less / few B. less / fewer C. little / fewer D.few / less7.Theres no _ way to do it. A.other B.the other C.another D others8.Some people like to rest in their free time._ like to travel. A.Other B.The others C.Others D.Another9.This cake is delicious! Can I have_ piece, please? A.other B.another C.others D.the other10.There were three books on my table.One is here. Where are _? A.others B.the others C.the other D.another3、 課后練習(xí)（一）選擇題1.They come from different _ A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys2. How many _ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato3.There are_ birds in that big tree. A. hundreds of B. five hundreds of C. five hundred of D. hundred of4.I like to eat cake with _. A. cherries B. cherry C.cherrys5. Though it rained heavily, _ were still playing on the playground. A. they B. them C. their D. Themselves6. Tom and _ will go to see our tea