.,1,Unit2GrammarandUsage,Modalverbs,.,2,JackIhavegoodnewsforyou!RoseWhat?JackTheeducationaldepartmenthascarriedoutrulestoreducestudentstoomuchstudyload.RoseReally?Ifso,Idonthavetostayuplatetodosomuchhomeworkandmymommayallowmetoplaycomputergames.JackThebestthingIthinkisthatIcanhavemoresparetimetotakeexerciseafterclass.RoseSure.Bytheway,whoisyourfavoritesportsstar?JackLiuXiang,Ishouldsay.RoseTellmesomethingabouthim.JackWell,maybeIcanshowyousomephotos.,.,3,一.Weusemodalverbstotalkabout:,1.Ability（能力）2.Obligation（義務(wù)）3.Certainty（可能性）4.Permission（允許）,.,4,二.Wealsousemodalverbsto:,5.Makerequests（提出請(qǐng)求）6.Makesuggestions（提出建議）7.Makeoffers（提供幫助）8.Giveadvice（提出意見）,.,5,1.Ability(能力):,LiuXiangcanrunthe110mhurdleracewithin13seconds.,.,6,can/could:,1.can一般表示與生俱來的能力或者一種客觀可能性,還可以表示請(qǐng)求和允許。,LearningEnglish_bedifficult.,can,Mancannotlivewithoutair.,_Iuseyourbike?,Can,.,7,can/could:,2.在疑問句中，用could可表示請(qǐng)求，語氣較委婉。,_Ihavethetelevisionon?Yes,you_./No,you_,Could,Heasksifhe_smokehere.,could,can/may,cant/Imafraidnot,.,8,can/could:,3.表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中）,Hessuchanicepersonthathe_committhecrime.,cant,你怎么會(huì)如此地粗心！,Howcanyoubesocareless!,Canthisbetrue?,.,9,can/could:,4.cannever/canttoo表示“無論怎樣也不過分”，“越越好”。,你過馬路的時(shí)候再小心也不為過。,Youcantbetoocarefulwhilecrossingtheroad.,.,10,Attention:,can/beableto區(qū)別:,Edisonalwayswonderedwhyhenscouldhatch(孵)chickenswhilehewasnotableto.,Question:Arethetwomodalverbsinterchangeable(互換)?Ifnot,why?,can表示與生俱來的能力或一種客觀可能，而beableto更加強(qiáng)調(diào)通過后天的學(xué)習(xí)和努力獲得的能力，或者在某個(gè)客觀的場(chǎng)合和背景下，能做到的事情。,.,11,Attention:,can/beableto區(qū)別:,AbigfirebrokeoutinABChotelyesterday.Luckily,everyone_runoutofthebuilding.,wasableto,2.She_speakbothEnglishandFrench.,can,.,12,Imsotired!Ihavetodothetrainingforatleast10hoursaday!,2.Obligation(義務(wù)):,yethemustworkhardtowinthegoldmedal.,AlthoughLiuXiangissogiftedinhurdlerace,.,13,Attention:,advisability,necessity,oughtto/should,haveto,must,Yourmotherbringsyouupandtakesgoodcareofyou,sowhensheisold,you_lookafterherinreturn.,A.canB.mayC.havetoD.must,.,14,ShiDongpengmightwinamedalattheOlympicGames.,Althoughthechanceofwinningamedalissmall,Illtrymybest!,3.Certainty(可能性):,.,15,Attention:,veryuncertain,almostcertain,might,should,must,may,could,oughtto,will,1.He_beathome.,2.He_beathome,forhejustcalledmefromhishome15secondsago.,A.mayB.mightC.must,A.mayB.mightC.must,(can),.,16,must表示肯定的猜測(cè)，譯為“一定”，不能用于否定句或疑問句。Thismustbeyourpen.Hemustbedoinghishomeworknow.Hemusthavearrivedalready.,must,.,17,must,2.表示“堅(jiān)持”（常用于固定句型：ifyoumustdosth.如果你非得要做某事）,如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開。,Ifyoumustleave,doitquietly.,.,18,Attention:,They_bedoingtheexperimentinthelab.Why？Becausethelightsarestillburning.,A.couldB.canC.mustD.would,.,19,4.Permission(允許):,MayIeatKFCifIwinthegoldmedal?,.,20,may/might:,1.表示許可。表示請(qǐng)求、允許時(shí)，might比may的語氣更委婉一些。,Might/MayIuseyourcomputer?Yes,youcan./No,youcant/mustnt.,.,21,may/might:,2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。,3.表示推測(cè)、可能（只用于肯定句，疑問句則要用can或could）。,祝你成功！,Mayyousucceed.,Hemaybeverybusynow.,Mayyoubehappyallyourlife.,.,22,5.Makingrequests(提出要求):,Canyouhelpmewithmytraining?,Idontknowhowtousethisequipment!,willcancouldwould,informal,formal,.,23,6.Makingsuggestions(提出建議):,Shallwedothetraininginthemorning?,Itstoohottotakeexerciseintheafternoon.,.,24,shall:,1.Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對(duì)方的意見、向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示或提供幫助。,1.Shallwebeginourlesson?2.Whenshallhebeallowedtoleavehospital?3.ShallIcarrythisbagforyou?,.,25,shall:,2.Shall用于第二、第三人稱，表示說話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。,Youshallfailifyoudontworkharder.Heshallbepunishedaccordingtotherule.等我讀完這本書，就會(huì)給他的。,HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.,警告,威脅,允諾,.,26,7.Makingoffers(提供幫助):,Dontworry,dear,Iwillwashthemrightaway.,Mom,mydirtyclotheshavebeenpiledup!Idonthavetime,.,27,will/would:,1.表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，would比will委婉客氣。,sentencepattern,Wouldyouplease,Wouldyoumind,Wouldrather,Wouldyoulike,.,28,will/would:,2.表示意志、愿望和決心。,Iwillneverdothatagain.,.,29,will/would:,3.可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性。翻譯為“經(jīng)常、慣于、總是”。,1).Theoldman_haveasmokeunderabigtreeeveryafternoonafterhefinishedhisfarmwork.,would,.,30,2).門就是打不開!,Thedoorwontopen.,.,31,will/would:,Attention:,Iwillgototheparkwithyoutomorrowifyouwilloffermelunch.,Question:Isthissentencecorrect?Why?,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表示“意愿”,.,32,8.Givingadvice(提出意見):,Youshouldnot/oughtnottoeatsomuchbeforerunning.,Howdelicious!,.,33,should:,1.Should表示勸告、建議、命令，其同義詞是oughtto；在疑問句中，通常用should代替oughtto。,ShouldIopenthewindow?,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。,Weshouldlearnfromeachother.,.,34,should:,2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should用于第一人稱時(shí)可以表示說話人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語氣。,RoseSure.Bytheway,whoisyouridol?JackLiuXiang,Ishouldsay.,Ishouldadviseyounottodothatagain.,.,35,3.should表示意外或驚訝常譯為“居然，竟然”。Icantbelievesuchagentlemanshouldbesorudetotheold.我不敢相信這樣一個(gè)紳士居然對(duì)老人如此無禮。,should:,.,36,4.should表示猜測(cè)時(shí)，一般指按經(jīng)驗(yàn)或邏輯判斷，翻譯成“照說應(yīng)該，估計(jì)，想必”,should:,-WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.-They_bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need,.,37,Tobecontinued,.,38,三.“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone”的用法,（1）musthavedone對(duì)過去某事的十分肯定猜測(cè)（2）may/mighthavedone對(duì)過去某事的可能性猜測(cè)（3）cant/couldnthavedone對(duì)過去某事的否定猜測(cè)（4）should/oughttohavedone過去應(yīng)該做而未做（5）shouldnt/oughtnttohavedone過去不應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上做了（6）neednthavedone本沒有必要做的事實(shí)際卻做了（7）couldhavedone本來能夠做的（有能力做）事實(shí)際卻未做到,.,39,Letshaveatry!,.,40,Practice,Withsomuchworkonhand,you_toseethegamelastnight.A.mustntgoB.couldhavegoneC.shouldntgoD.shouldnthavegone,2.Therewasplentyoftime.She_.A.mustnthavehurriedB.couldnthavehurriedC.mustnothurryD.neednthavehurried,.,41,Practice,3.IsawMaryinthelibraryyesterday.-You_her.Sheisstillabroad.A.mustntseeB.canthaveseenC.mustnthaveseenD.couldntsee,4.AuntMary_thetrain,otherwiseshewouldhavearrivedherebynow.A.musthavemissedB.shouldhavemissedC.hadmissedD.mightmiss,.,42,四.可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need、dare,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(+動(dòng)詞原形),行為動(dòng)詞,need,dare,1.無人稱和數(shù)的變化;,2.尤其用于：,*否定句及疑問句中;,*在if/whether之后;,*或與hardly,never,noone,nobody連用;,3.常以neednt和darent的形式出現(xiàn);,4.dare有其過去時(shí)dared.,多用于肯定句;(sb.)nee