摘要摘要新聞播報(bào)作為大眾傳媒的方式之一，在輿論引導(dǎo)方面起著非常重要的作用；同時(shí)新聞播報(bào)作為語(yǔ)言使用的現(xiàn)象之一，其在語(yǔ)言選擇和使用方面也有獨(dú)到之處?？v觀對(duì)新聞的研究，更多的是從傳播學(xué)的角度分析新聞播報(bào)的各個(gè)組成方面。當(dāng)然也不乏從語(yǔ)言學(xué)角度的研究，但這些研究大多是靜態(tài)的研究，缺乏對(duì)新聞播報(bào)這一動(dòng)態(tài)過程的描述和解釋；對(duì)中英新聞的對(duì)比研究也大多是對(duì)相同或相似新聞文本的翻譯研究，而鮮有涉及文本背后的新聞制作人及新聞?dòng)^眾的意識(shí)和認(rèn)知機(jī)制；再者，已有的對(duì)新聞的研究沒有把新聞播報(bào)過程中的圖片畫面這一新聞播報(bào)中不可或缺的因素包括進(jìn)來。鑒于此，本研究擬對(duì)CCTV和BBC的整點(diǎn)新聞播報(bào)進(jìn)行中英語(yǔ)用順應(yīng)對(duì)比分析。本研究首先對(duì)英漢新聞播報(bào)過程中在語(yǔ)言選擇以及在語(yǔ)境選擇方面進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析，進(jìn)而用維索爾的語(yǔ)用順應(yīng)理論對(duì)這些選擇的順應(yīng)程度進(jìn)行了解釋并對(duì)這些選擇在形成新的語(yǔ)境方面的有效性進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步闡述。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)BBC和CCTV整點(diǎn)新聞在語(yǔ)言選擇層面存在差異語(yǔ)音和節(jié)奏方面，BBC新聞播報(bào)因有高低急緩的變化而能夠提示所播報(bào)內(nèi)容信息量的變化并用富于節(jié)奏的聲音吸引觀眾繼續(xù)收看下面的新聞，CCTV新聞?lì)l道播報(bào)的聲音和節(jié)奏因缺乏變化而顯得單調(diào)。詞語(yǔ)選擇方面，BBC在情態(tài)語(yǔ)氣詞選擇上更體現(xiàn)了新聞的客觀性，CCTV新聞?lì)l道在能愿動(dòng)詞上的選擇使所播報(bào)的新聞顯得主觀引導(dǎo)性更大。句子構(gòu)造層面，BBC的句子多是可以表示客觀性的被動(dòng)句，CCTV新聞?lì)l道的則多是主動(dòng)句，使所播報(bào)的新聞顯得客觀性不足。語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)方面，BBC世界新聞?lì)l道的新聞文本在導(dǎo)語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容排列上把事件放在首位，在每條新聞的內(nèi)容構(gòu)造上傾向于講述主要事件，CCTV新聞?lì)l道在導(dǎo)語(yǔ)中多把最重要的事件部分放于末尾，在每條新聞的內(nèi)容構(gòu)造上傾向于列舉細(xì)節(jié)。BBC和CCTV在語(yǔ)境選擇上也存在差異時(shí)間關(guān)系層面，BBC的每種新聞播報(bào)方式的時(shí)間要短于CCTV每種新聞播報(bào)方式的播報(bào)時(shí)間，BBC的選擇更便于收看者處理接收到的信息，并理解接收到的新聞信息?？臻g層面，BBC的播報(bào)人員和收看者的距離有遠(yuǎn)近的變化，而且多是遠(yuǎn)距離的播報(bào)，給收看者足夠的心理安全感，CCTV新聞?lì)l道在這方面沒有變化，多是近距離播報(bào)。道具使用層面上，BBC使用的道具明顯多于CCTV新聞?lì)l道，這種收看者取向型選擇更有助于收看者理解新聞內(nèi)容。在播報(bào)員動(dòng)作和衣飾層面，BBC世界頻道的播報(bào)員無論動(dòng)作還是衣飾都比CCTV的播報(bào)員豐富且隨意，給收看者營(yíng)造了舒適隨意的觀看語(yǔ)境，相對(duì)而言，CCTV新聞?lì)l道播報(bào)員的動(dòng)作衣飾偏正式，使觀看語(yǔ)境顯得單調(diào)無趣。LI摘要研究表明新聞制作人和新聞作家對(duì)語(yǔ)境的預(yù)先設(shè)定的意識(shí)程度能夠影響新聞的播報(bào)效果，新聞制作過程中應(yīng)從語(yǔ)言選擇和語(yǔ)境選擇兩個(gè)方面順應(yīng)觀眾心理世界、物理世界和交際渠道，提高新聞順應(yīng)度和有效性，這對(duì)新聞制作有一定的啟發(fā)意義。其次，本研究補(bǔ)充了語(yǔ)用順應(yīng)理論中關(guān)于交際渠道的論述，豐富了語(yǔ)用順應(yīng)理論。再次，本文用對(duì)比的方法研究CCTV和BBC新聞播報(bào)，豐富了語(yǔ)用對(duì)比研究的視角，對(duì)對(duì)比研究有一定的啟發(fā)和指導(dǎo)意義。關(guān)鍵詞新聞播報(bào)；對(duì)比分析；語(yǔ)言順應(yīng)；語(yǔ)境順應(yīng)IIIABSTRAET、ABSTRACTASAMEANSOFMEDIACOMMUNICATION，NEWSBROADCASTINGPLAYSALLIMPORTANTROLEINGUIDINGPUBLICOPINION；ATTHEGAMETIME,ASAPHENOMENONOFLANGUAGEAPPLICATION,NEWSBROADCASTINGHASITSOWNCHARACTERISTICSINWAYSOFLANGUAGECHOICEMAKINGANDLANGUAGEAPPLICATIONMOSTOFTHESTUDIESONNEWSFOCUSONANALYZINGTHECOMPONENTSOFNEWSBROADCASTINGFROMAPERSPECTIVEOFMEDIACOMMUNICATIONBESIDES，MANYSTUDIESONNEWSAREPURSUEDFROMALINGUISTICPERSPECTIVENEVERTHELESS，MOSTOFTHESELINGUISTICSTUDIESONNEWSBROADCASTINGARESTATIC，ANDEXPLANATIONONTHEDYNAMICPROCESSOFNEWSBROADCASTINGISNEEDED；SECONDLY,MOSTCOMPARATIVESTUDIESORLCHINESEANDENGLISHNEWSARELIMITEDTONEWSTRANSLATIONOFTHESAMESOURCE，WHICHARENOTSCIENTIFICENOUGHFORNEWSSTUDYFEATUREDBYONEFUNCTIONOFGUIDINGPUBLICOPINIONTHROUGHNEWSPRODUCTIONBYDIFFERENTSOURCES；THIRDLY,THEEXISTINGSTUDIESONNEWSHAVENODESCRIPTIONONPICTORIALELEMENTSOFNEWSBROADCASTING，WHICHISINDISPENSABLETOTHEDYNAMICPROCESSOFNEWSBROADCASTINGTHEREFORE，THISTHESISAIMSTOCONDUCTACOMPARATIVESTUDYONNEWSBROADCASTINGOFHOURNEWSFROMCCTVNEWSANDBBCWORLDWITHVERSCHUERENSPRAGMATICADAPTATIONTHEORYASTHEANALYZINGT001FIRSTLY,ACOMPARATIVEANALYSISONLINGUISTICCHOICESONVOICEANDINTONATION,WORDING，SENTENCESTRUCTUREANDTEXTORGANIZATIONANDCONTEXTUALCHOICESONTHEMANAGEMENTONTEMPORALANDSPATIALREFERENCES，THEUSEOFARTIFACTSANDTHEGESTURESANDAPPEARANCESOFANCHORPERSONSISCONDUCTED；ANDTHEN,VERSCHUERENSPRAGMATICADAPTATIONTHEORYISAPPLIEDTOEXPLAINTHEDIFFERENTDEGREEOFADAPTATIONWITHRESPECTTOAUDIENCESMENTALWORLD，SOCIALWORLDANDTHECOMMUNICATIVECHANNELBESIDESTHEEFFECTIVENESSOFTHESEDIFFERENTCHOICESINNEWSBROADCASTINGFROMCCTVNEWSANDBBCWORLDINPRODUCINGDESIRABLENEWSCONTEXTWILLALSOBESTATEDHERETHROUGHALLANALYSISOFTHEDIFFERENCESONLINGUISTICANDCONTEXTUALLEVELSINNEWSBROADCASTINGOFTHEHOURNEWSFROMCCTVNEWSANDBBCWORLD，THISTHESISHOLDSTHATTHOSEDIFFERENCESCOULDRESULTINDIFFERENTEFFECTIVENESSOFNEWSBROADCASTINGATLINGUISTICLEVELINTHEASPECTOFVOICEANDINTONATION,NEWSBROADCASTINGOFBBCWORLDISRICHINCHANGESINVOICEANDRHYTHM,MAKINGAUDIENCEFIGUREOUTTHEINFORMATIVEITEMSEASILYANDATTRACTINGAUDIENCESATTENTION,WHILECCTVNEWSHASNOSUCHRICHCHANGESINVOICEANDRHYTHM，MAKINGTHEIRBROADCASTINGPROCESSIVABSTRACTCOMPARATIVELYBORINGINTHEASPECTOFWORDINGCHOOSING，THEREAREFARLESSMODALAUXILIARIESINTHENEWSSCRIPTSFROMBBCWORLDTHANMODALVERBSFROMCCTVNEWS，WHICHDISPLAYSDIFFERENTDEGREEOFOBJECTIVENESSOFBROADCASTINGNEWSWITHWEAKOBJECTIVENESSOFCCTVNEWSINTHEASPECTOFSENTENCESTRUCTURES，THEREALEMOREPASSIVESENTENCESUSEDINNEWSSCRIPTSOFBBCWORLDTHANTHATOFCCTVNEWS，DISPLAYINGDIFFERENTDEGREEOFCREDIBILITYOFNEWSBROADCASTINGWITHCOMPARATIVELYLESSCREDIBLEEFFECTIVENESSOFCCTVNEWSTHANTHATOFBBCWORLDINTHEASPECTOFTEXTORGANIZATION，BBCWORLDHIGHLIGHTSWHATBYPUTTINGITATTHEBEGINNINGPARTOFEVERYLEAD，WHILECCTVNEWSPUTSUSUALLYWHYATFIRST，MAKINGITDIFFICULTFORAUDIENCETOPROCESSINFORMATIONCONTAINEDINLEADSBESIDES，NEWSITEMSFROMCCTVNEWSAREFILLEDWITHDETAILSWITHLITTLEINFORMATIONWHILETHOSEFROMBBCWORLDAREOFKEYPOINTS,CLEARANDDIRECTFORAUDIENCETOGRASPTHEMAJORPOINTSOFANEWSSTORYASFORPRAGMATICDEVICESCHOOSING，THEREAREFARMOREPRAGMATICDEVICESEMPLOYEDINTHENEWSSCRIPTSFROMCCTVNEWSTHANTHOSEFROMBBCWORLDASFORCONTEXTUALCHOOSING，THEREEXISTALSOFOURDIFFERENTPOINTSINTHEASPECTOFTEMPORALRELATIONS，THELASTINGTIMEOFEVERYBROADCASTINGSTYLEISSHORTERINBBCWORLDTHANTHATINCCTVNEWS，MAKINGITEASIERFORAUDIENCEOFBBCWORLDTOPROCESSEACHPIECEOFINFORMATIONTHANTHATOFCCTVNEWSINTHEASPECTOFSPATIALRELATIONS，THEREARECONSTANTCHANGESBETWEENSOCIALANDPERSONAL。DISTANCESINTHEPROCESSOFNEWSBROADCASTINGOFBBCWORLD，MAKINGAUDIENCECLOSETOEVENTSBROADCASTEDINANEWSSTORYANDCREATINGTHEAUDIENCEACOMPARATIVELYRELAXEDCONTEXT，WHILEINCCTVNEWSTHESPATIALDISTANCEBETWEENAUDIENCEANDANCHORPERSONSISCLOSE，MAKINGEVENTSPROXIMALTOAUDIENCESANDGIVINGTHEMAFEELINGOFINVASIONOFPERSONALSPACEINTHEASPECTOFARTIFACTS，THESETTINGSANDOBJECTSUSEDANDSEENBYAUDIENCEOFBBCWORLDAREMUCHMORETHANTHOSEOFCCTVNEWS，WHICHMAYHELPAUDIENCEPROCESSTHEINFORMATIONDISPLAYEDINBROADCASTINGNEWSPROCESSINTHEASPECTOFGESTURESANDAPPEARANCESOFANCHORPERSONS，THEGESTURESANDAPPEARANCESOFANCHORPERSONSOFBBCWORLDARELESSFORMALTHANTHOSEOFCCTVNEWS，CREATINGACOMPARATIVELYCOMFORTABLECONTEXTFORAUDIENCESOFBBCWORLDTHESTUDYSHOWSTHATTHEDEGREEOFSALIENCEOFNEWSPRODUCERSANDNEWSWRITERSTOWARDSTHEPRESETCONTEXTOFTVNEWSBROADCASTINGHASGREATBEARINGONTHEEFFECTIVENESSANDADAPTABILITYOFTVNEWSBROADCASTINGINNEWSPRODUCTION，ITISSUGGESTEDTHATATTENTIONMUSTBEGIVENTOADAPTATIONTOAUDIENCESMENTAL，SOCIAL，VABSTRACTPHYSICALWORLDSANDCOMMUNICATIVECHANNELATLINGUISTICANDCONTEXTUALLEVELSBESIDES，THISSTUDYHASARENEWEDEXPLANATIONOFCOMMUNICATIVECHANNELINADAPTATIONTHEORYBYVERSCHUEREN,RICHENINGTHEADAPTATIONTHEORYTHIRDLY,THISISACOMPARATIVESTUDYONCHINESEANDENGLISHNEWSBROADCASTINGPROCESS，SOITISCOMPLEMENTARYTOPRAGMATICCOMPARATIVESTUDYKEYWORDSNEWSBROADCASTING；CONTRASTIVEANALYSIS；LINGUISTICADAPTATION；CONTEXTUALADAPTATIONVI學(xué)位論文獨(dú)創(chuàng)性聲明本人聲明所呈交的學(xué)位論文是本人在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。據(jù)我所知，除了文中特別加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外，論文中不包含其他人已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究成果，也不包含為獲得直昌太堂或其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)的學(xué)位或證書而使用過的材料。與我一同工作的同志對(duì)本研究所做的任何貢獻(xiàn)均已在論文中作了明確的說明并表示謝意。學(xué)位論文作者簽名手寫隹哥芳簽字日期，矽留年，】月；。ET學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書本學(xué)位論文作者完全了解直昌態(tài)堂有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定，有權(quán)保留并向國(guó)家有關(guān)部門或機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和磁盤，允許論文被查閱和借閱。本人授權(quán)直昌太堂可以將學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行檢索，可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制手段保存、匯編本學(xué)位論文。同時(shí)授權(quán)中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)信息研究所將本學(xué)位論文收錄到中國(guó)學(xué)位論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，并通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)向社會(huì)公眾提供信息服務(wù)。保密的學(xué)位論文在解密后適用本授權(quán)書學(xué)位論文作者簽名嚆哥苦導(dǎo)師簽名編干簽字目期Z腳年12月吾。日簽字日期塒年土月多日CHAPTERIINTRODUCTION11RESEARCHBACKGROUNDTHEAPPEARANCE，SURVIVALANDDEVELOPMENTOFHUMANSOCIETYCANNOTDOWITHOUTINFORMATIONCOMMUNICATIONBETWEENEACHOTHERWITHNEWSASTHEBASICCONTENTTHEMOREDEVELOPEDTHEHUMANSOCIETYIS，THEMOREFREQUENTWILLNEWSCOMMUNICATIONBETWEENHUMANBEINGSBECOMEANDTHEMOREVARIOUSANDADVANCEDWILLTHEMEANSOFHUMANNEWSCOMMUNICATIONBECOMEQ氓WUXIANG，1998810AMONGOTHERS，MASSMEDIAISAVITALMEANSINDISPENSABLEFORTRANSMITTINGINFORMATIONINMODEMSOCIETYWITHINTHEMEDIA，NEWSISPRIMARYLANGUAGEGENREANDISSEENASTHEKERNELOFMEDIACONTENTITFILLSPAGESOFTHEDAILYNEWSPAPERANDHOURSOFRADIOAND“IVTIMEITISTRUETHATINRECENTYEARSESSAYSANDPAPERSABOUTNEWSAGEEASILYFOUNDINACADEMICJOURNALSTRADITIONALLY,THESTUDYONNEWSBROADCASTINGFILLSWITHINTHERESEARCHSCOPEOFMEDIACOMMUNICATIONANDRECENTLYITHASATTRACTEDTHEATTENTIONOFLINGUISTICSCHOLARSACCORDINGTOCOTTER2001，THEREARETHREEMAINAPPROACHESTOTHESTUDYOFMEDIADISCOURSE，WHICHCANBECHARACTERIZEDAS1DISCOURSEANALYTICPRAGMATICSVERSCHUEREN，1985；WORTHAMLOCHER，1996，CONVERSATIONANALYSISGREATBATCH，1998，VARIATIONBELL，1999，LABOVIANNARRATIVEANALYSIS03ELL，1991；VANDIJK，1988ANDINTERACTUALSOCIOLINGUISTICSGOFFMAN，1981；COTTER,1999A；2SOCIOLINGUISTICINVOLVINGVARIATIONANDSTYLEINTHEMEDIAORASIMILARCLOSEANALYSISOFLANGUAGESANTAAN南1999；JAFFE，1999；3NONLINGUISTICSTUDIESONPOLITICALSCIENCE，MEDIA,ORCOMMUNICATIONPARADIGMSAND，TOSOMEDEGREEINCULTUREJAMIESON，1996；CAMPBELLJAMIESON，1990CLIAO,2004HOWEVER，STUDIESONTVNEWSBROADCASTINGASADYNAMICPROCESSARERAREMOREOVER,ACONTRASTIVESTUDYONCHINESEANDENGLISHTVNEWSBROADCASTINGFROMCCTVNEWSANDBBCWORLDISORIGINALADAPTATIONTHEORYPROPOSEDBYVERSCHUEREN2000ISAPERSPECTIVEONLANGUAGE，WHICHCANBEADOPTEDTOINTERPRETVARIOUSLINGUISTICSPHENOMENAINACOMPARATIVELYCOMPREHENSIVEWAYITHASPROVEDBYLOTSOFSCHOLARSTHROUGHAPPLYINGTHISTHEORYTOVARIOUSPRAGMATICPHENOMENATHATTHISTHEORYISFAIRLYEFFECTIVEININTERPRETINGPRAGMATICPHENOMENANEVERTHELESS，THISTHEORYISRARELYAPPLIEDINTHEFIELDOFSTUDYINGNEWSBROADCASTINGINAPERSPECTIVEOFCONTRASTIVESTUDYTHUS，THISTHESISISATENTATIVECHAPTERIINTRODUCTIONSTUDYINAPPLYINGTHEADAPTATIONTHEORYTONEWSBROADCASTINGINCHINESEANDENGLISHFROMCCTVNEWSANDBBCWORLDINOTHERWORDS，INTHISTHESIS，WEWILLADOPTTHEADAPTATIONTHEORYASOURTHEORETICALFRAMEWORKVERSCHUERENHOLDSTHAT“THEGENERALCONCERNFORTHESTUDYOFLINGUISTICPRAGMATICSISTOUNDERSTANDTHEMEANINGFULFUNCTIONINGOFLANGUAGEASADYNAMICPROCESSOPERATINGONCONTEXTSTRUCTURERELATIONSHIPSATVARIOUSLEVELSOFSALIENCE“VERSCHUEREN,200069HEEXPOUNDSTHATLANGUAGEUSEISAPROCESSOFCONTINUOUSMAKINGOFLINGUISTICCHOICESIBID68THISOPINIONHOLDSTRUEFORTVNEWSBROADCASTINGINTHEFOLLOWINGCHAPTERSOFTHISTHESIS，WEWILLILLUSTRATEINDETAILTHEENLIGHTENMENTOFADAPTATIONTHEORYONTVNEWSBROADCASTINGFROMACONTRASTIVEPERSPECTIVE12NEWS，NEWSLANGUAGEANDTVNEWSBROADCASTINGTHEWORD“NEWSDERIVESFROMGREECEINAMERICANREPORTERJOESTSOPINION，THEWORDNEWSCOMESFROMTHEWORDNEWITISCLEARTHATFRESHNESSISONEOFTHEMOSTESSENTIALFEATURESOFNEWSANDTHEREAREOTHERDEFINITIONSONNEWSNEWSISANYTHINGTHATWILIMAKEPEOPLETALKTHATISHOWCHARLESADANA,EDITORFROM1868TO1897OFTHELEGENDARY“NEWSPAPERMANSNEWSPAPER”，THENEW場(chǎng)心SUN，DEFINEDNEWSTYPICALDEFINITIONSOFNEWSSUGGESTEDBYJOURNALISTSINCLUDENEWSISTHESAMETHINGHAPPENINGTODIFFERENTPEOPLE”，NEWSISWHATTHEEDITORTHINKSISNEWS”，ORNEWSIS“WHATIMINTERESTEDIN”TIAN，2006SUCHCOMMENTSILLUSTRATETHATTHECRITICALTASKOFCAPTURINGNEWSISENTRUSTEDTOANINDESCRIBABLESKILLWHOSEWORKINGSAREUNCERTAINONEOFTHEOLDESTDEFINITIONSOFNEWSSAYSTHATWHENADOGBITESAMAN，ITISNTNEWS，BUTWHENAMANBITESADOG，ITSNEWSOFCOURSE，ABOUTTHEDEFINITIONOFNEWS，DIFFERENTSCHOLARSHAVEDIFFERENTEXPLANATIONSOMETYPICALOPINIONSGIVENBYNEWSSCHOLARSALEASFOLLOWSNEWSISAKINDOFNEWANDIMPORTANTFACTSNEWSISANIMPORTANTFACTTHATTHEPUBLICWILLKNOW,SHOULDKNOW,BUTHAVENTKNOWNNEWSISTHEREPORTGIVENBYNEWSPAPER,NEWSAGENCIES，BROADCASTSTATIONS，ANDTVSTATIONSONTEMPORARYPOLITICALORSOCIALEVENTSNEWSISTHESPREADOFFACTSTHATHAVEJUSTCHANGEDNEWSISTHEREPORTOFIMPORTANTFACTSTHATHAPPENRECENTLYANDABOUTWHICHPEOPLEALECONCEMEDLEI，19976768，OFZHANG，20062CHAPTERIINTRODUCTIONLUPOINTEDOUTINHISOURFUNDAMENTALSOFJOURNALISMTHATNEWSISTHEREPORTOFWHATHASHAPPENEDRECENTLYTHISDEFINITIONISUNIVERSALLYACCEPTEDASACOMPARATIVELYSCIENTIFICONEXUHOLDSTHATLUSDEFINITIONREPRESENTSTHREENATURESOFNEWS，NEW,FACTSANDREPORT,WHICHSHOWSTHATNEWSISREAL，TIMELYANDPUBLICHOWEVER,HEEXTENDSLU，SDEFINITIONBYSAYINGTHAT“NEWSISTHEMOSTTIMELYREPORTONFACTSTHATHAVEHAPPENED，AREHAPPENINGORWILLHAPPEN”LU，20034，CFZHANG，2006BUTFROMTHELINGUISTICPERSPECTIVE，NEWSHASAQUITEDIFFERENTIMAGEFROMTHATACCEPTEDBYJOUMALISTICMAJORITYNEWSISATYPICALEXAMPLEOFLANGUAGEINUSE，ANDOFSOCIALSTRUCTUREDMEANINGNEWSISNOTTHENEWSWORTHYEVENTITSELF,BUTRATHERTHEREPORTOR“ACCOUNTOFALLEVENTITHASGONEBEYONDWORDSITISSOCIALANDCULTURALINSTITUTIONAMONGOTHERSFOWLER1991DEFINESNEWSASASOCIALPRACTICEANDCONSTRUCTEDBYTHESOCIALANDPOLITICALWORLDONWHICHITREPORTSWHATEVENTSAREREPORTEDISNOTAREFLECTIONOFTHEIMPORTANCEOFTHOSEEVENTS，BUTREVEALSTHEOPERATIONOFACOMPLEXANDARTIFICIALSETOFCRITERIAFORSELECTIONCCBEN，2006FOWLERALSONOTESTHATNEWSPAPERCOVERAGEOFWORLDEVENTSISNOTFAIRRECORDINGOF“HARDFACTS”，ANDALLNEWSISINEVITABLYMEDIATEDANDRIONEWSMEDIUMCANBECOMPLETELYNEUTRALORUNBIASED”INFACT,DIFFERENTNEWSMEDIUMWILLREPORTDIFFERENTLYINBOTHCONTENTANDPRESENTATION,SHOWINGDISAFFECTIONANDALSOAFFILIATIONTOPARTICULARTOPICSTHUS，ITCANBEJUDGEDTHATTHEPROCESSOFNEWSREPORTINGISTOMOREORLESSDEGREEMANIPULATEDBYTHENEWSWRITER,ANDTHEDIFFERENCESINREPORTINGARELARGELYDUETOTHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENINDIVIDUALWRITERSITISREASONABLEFORFOWLERTOSAYTHATTHEWORLDOFTHEPRESSISNOTTHEREALWORLD，BUTAWORLDSKEWEDANDJUDGEDFOWLER,19911112，CFCHEN，2006FAIRCLOUGH2001GOESFURTHER，CLAIMINGTHATMASSMEDIADISCOURSEINVOLVESHIDDENRELATIONSOFPOWERTEXTPRODUCERSMAYSUCCEEDINMANIPULATINGAUDIENCESTOACCEPTTHEIRVIEWOFPARTICULAREVENTS。BYNEWSREPORTING，ITMEANSNEWSAGENCIESMAKEPUBLICLYKNOWWHATHASHAPPENEDANDCHANGEDRECENTLYTHROUGHSUCHNEWSMEDIAASNEWSPAPERS，RADIOBROADCASTINGORTVBROADCASTINGQIU,WUXIANG，1998810TVNEWSBROADCASTINGISONEAMONGVARIOUSNEWSREPORTINGSTYLESANDISINTHEDOMINANTPLACEBECAUSEOFTHEPOPULARITYOFTELEVISIONSINMODEMSOCIETYTHEREFORE，“IVBROADCASTINGWILLSERVEASTHEBREAKTHROUGHPOINTOFTHEAUTHORSSTUDY313RESEARCHMETHODOLOGYANDDATACOLLECTIONAS缸ASMETHODOLOGYISCONCERNEDTHEMAJORITYOFTHESTUDYRELIESONTHEQUALITATIVEANALYSISOFTHEDATATHEPRESENTRESEARCHISBOTHDATADRIVENANDTHEORYDRIVENWITHOUTANYREADYMADEFRAMEWORKATHANDNORANYHYPOTHESISPROPOSEDBEFOREHAND，THEINVESTIGATIONBEGINSWITHFIXINGAWORKINGDEFINITIONFORTHERESEARCHOBJECT，NAMELY,TVNEWSBROADCASTING，WHICHPROVIDESAGUIDELINEFORTHEFOLLOWINGSTAGEOFTHEEFFORTCONSUMINGSEARCHFORDATAKEEPINGTHEDATACOLLECTEDINMIND，WECARRYOUTACAREFULOBSERVATIONANDANALYSISONTHEBASISOFVERSCHUERENSADAPTATIONTHEORY,EXPLORETHEMANIPULATIONOFTELEVISIONNEWSBROADCASTINGSFROMCCTVNEWSANDBBCWORLD，SEEKTHEUNDERLYINGREASONSFORTHEDIFFERENTOPERATIONONLINGUISTICANDNONLINGUISTICCHOICEMAKINGINTHEPROCESSOFTVNEWSBROADCASTINGWHILETAKINGSOCIAL，CULTURALANDCOGNITIVEFACETSINTOCONSIDERATION，ANDFINALLYPROPOSESEVERALPIECESOFSUGGESTIONSFORTVNEWSBROADCASTINGFORGUIDINGPUBLICOPINIONMUCHBETTERANDATTHESAMETIMEREALIZEHIGHLEVELDEGREEOFEFFECTIVENESSASMENTIONEDABOVE，THEPRESENTSTUDYISMAINLYAQUALITATIVEONEAQUALITATIVESTUDYREQUIRESBOTHIDEASANDDATATHEDATACANNOTBEANALYZEDWITHOUTIDEAS；ATTHESAMETIME，THEIDEASMUSTBESHAPEDANDTESTEDBYTHEDATADEY,19937，OFZHANG，200614THUS，DATACOLLECTIONPLAYSAFUNDAMENTALROLEINTHISSTUDYBBCWORLDANDCCTVNEWSCANBETAKENASREPRESENTATIVECHANNELSFORENGLISHANDCHINESETVNEWSBROADCASTINGRESPECTIVELYTHUS，THEDATAINVESTIGATEDINTHISTHESISAREMAINLYEXTRACTEDFROMTHEHOURNEWSOFTHESETWOCHANNELSTHEREARETOGETHERFOURNEWSSCRIPTSOFHOURNEWSFROMTHESETWOCHANNELS，WITHTWOFROMBBCWORLDANDTHEOTHERTWOFROMCCTVNEWSTHESEDATAAREALLRECORDEDBYTHEAUTHORBYUSINGREALPLAYER,SOFTWAREFORPLAYINGANDRECORDING，ANDARESAVEDINTHEAUTHORSPERSONALCOMPUTERFORFURTHERANALYSIS14ACADEMICVALUEANDPRAGMATICSIGNIFICANCESINCEITISFIRSTPROPOSEDBYVERSCHUEREN，THEADAPTATIONTHEORYHASBEENWIDELYAPPLIEDTOINTERPRETINGVARIOUSLINGUISTICANDINTERDISCIPLINARYPHENOMENAHOWEVER，ITHASNEVERENTEREDTHEFIELDOFMEDIACOMMUNICATIONSUCHASTVNEWSBROADCASTINGTRADITIONALSTUDYONNEWSBROADCASTINGFALLSWITHINTHERESEARCHSCOPEOFMEDIACOMMUNICATIONRECENTLY,MOREANDMORESTUDIESHAVEBEENBECOMINGINTERDISCIPLINARYANDINTHERESEARCHFIELDOFLINGUISTICS，STUDYONMEDIACOMMUNICATIONISBECOMING4CHAPTERIINTRODUCTION一_MOREANDMOREPOPULARHOWEVER,MOSTOFTHESTUDIESONMEDIACOMMUNICATIONFOCUSONNEWSTEXTSORREPORTSFROMNEWSPAPERSBUTNOTONNEWSBROADCASTINGPROCESSFROMTVPROGRAMSANDNONEOFTHEMHAVEADOPTEDTHEADAPTATIONTHEORYININTERPRETINGTHISPHENOMENON。BESIDES,FEWOFTHEMALEOFCONTRASTIVESTUDIESTHUS，ITISFIMLLVBELIEVEDTHATTHISSTUDYOFADOPTINGTHEADAPTATIONTHEORYININTERPRETINGTHEPHENOMENONOFNEWSBROADCASTINGFROMBBCWORLDANDCCTVNEWSWILLPROVIDESUPPLEMENTARYHELPINTHEDEVELOPMENTOFPRAGMATICADAPTATIONTHEORY,CONTRASTIVESTUDYANDCLLIILESEILEWSPROGRAMPRODUCTIONTHISTHESISISACONTRASTIVESTUDYFROMAPRAGMATICADAPTATIONPERSPECTIVE，SOITISBELIEVEDTHATTHEFINDINGSOFTHISSTUDYWILLBETHEORETICALLYCONSTRUCTIVEFORCONTRASTIVELINGUISTICSATTHELEVELOFPRAGMATICCONTRASTINTHISTHESIS，THEADAPTATIONTHEORYWILLBETENTATIVELYAPPLIEDTOINTERPRETTHEPHENOMENONOFTVNEWSBROADCASTING，WHICHISQUITEDIFFERENTFROMITSORIGINALAPPLIEDFIELDININSTANTCONVERSATIONFROMTHISPOINTOFVIEW，THISSTUDYWILLENLARGETHEEXPLANATORYPOWEROFTHEADAPTATIONTHEORYONEOFTHEFINDINGSOFTHISRESEARCHISCONCERNEDWITHTHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENNEWSBROADCASTINGINENGLISHANDCHINESEFROMBBCWORLDANDCCTVNEWSRESPECTIVELY,SOTHISMAYBEHELPFULFORTHETVNEWSPROGRAMPRODUCTIONINCHINABECAUSETHEDATAOFTHISRESE孤CHALEALLSTANDARDUSAGESFROMCHINESEANDENGLISH，SOTHEFINDINGSMAYBETOSOMEDEGREEBENEFICIALTOFOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDSTUDYING15ORGANIZATIONOFTHETHESISTHETHESISISCOMPOSEDOFSIXCHAPTERSCHAPTERONEISAGENERALINTRODUCTIONOFTHERESEARCH，INCLUDINGABRIEFIILTLODUCTIONOFTHEREASONSFORSTUDYINGTVNEWSBROADCASTINGFROMAPRAGMATICPERSPECTIVE，SELECTINGADAPTATIONTHEORYANDCONDUCTINGACONTRASTIVESTUDYOFCHINESEANDENGLISHWITHTVNEWSBROADCASTINGFROMCCTVNEWSANDBBCWORLDASRESEALCHDATATHEDEFINITIONOFNEWSANDNEWSBROADCASTINGANDTVNEWSBROADCASTING,METHODOLOGY,SIGNIFICANCEOFTHERESEARCH，ANDORGANIZATIONOFTHETHESISCHAPTERTWOISLITERATUREREVIEWOFTHEPREVIOUSSTUDYONNEWSANDNEWSBROADCASTING，PROPERTIESOFNEWSBROADCASTINGANDBROADCASTNEWSLANGUAGETHEAUTHORWILLINVESTIGATETHECHARACTERISTICSANDLINGUISTICFEATURESOFNE、VSBROADCASTINGINTHISCHAPTERCHAPTERTHREEISTHETHEORETICALFOUNDATIONOFTHEWHOLETHESISTHISCHAPTER5EXPLAINSTHEMAJORCONTENTSOFTHEADAPTATIONTHEORY,ANDTHENEXPLORESITSAPPLICATIONTOTVNEWSBROADCASTINGACCORDINGTOVERSCHUEREN，LANGUAGEUSEISAPROCESSOFCHOICEMAKING，WHICHREFERSTOADAPTATIONOFLANGUAGESTRUCTUREINREGARDTOCONTEXTINADYNAMICWAYATVARIOUSLEVELSOFSALIENCENODOUBT，THEPROCESSOFTVNEWSBROADCASTINGCONSISTSOFPREDOMINANTLYCONSCIOUSMAKINGOFLINGUISTICCHOICES，F(xiàn)ORWHICHTHELANGUAGEINTERNALREASONSARETHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENTHETWOLANGUAGESANDTHELANGUAGEEXTERNALREASONSAREINBROADSENSECONTEXTUALELEMENTSCHAPTERFOURDISPLAYSTHEMAJORDIFFERENCESBETWEENCHINESEANDENGLISHTVNEWSBROADCASTINGFROMCCTVNEWSANDBBCWORLDFIRSTLY,WEWILLDISPLAYALINGUISTICCOMPARISONONTVNEWSBROADCASTINGFROMCCTVNEWSANDBBCWORLDONTHELEVELOFVOICEANDINTONATION,WORDING，SENTENCESTRUCTUREANDTEXTORGANIZATIONSECONDLY,WEWILLDOACONTEXTUALCOMPARISONONTVNEWSBROADCASTINGONTHELEVELOFTHEMANAGEMENTOFTEMPORALANDSPATIALREFERENCES，THEUSEOFARTIFACTSANDTHEGESTURESANDAPPEARANCESOFANCHORPERSONSOFCCTVNEWSANDBBCWORLDRESPECTIVELYCHAPTERFIVEISTHESOULOFTHETHESISTHISCHAPTERPROVIDESADETAILEDANALYSISOFTVNEWSBROADCASTINGFROMTHEPERSPECTIVEOFPRAGMATICADAPTATIONWEWILLEXPLOREHOWTHECHOICESMADEBYTVPRODUCERSANDNEWSWRITERSOFCCTVNEWSANDBBCWORLDAREADAPTEDTOTHEAUDIENCESMENTALWORLD，SOCIALWORLD，PHYSICALWORLDANDCOMMUNICATIVECHANNELREQUIREDBYTVNEWSBROADCASTING，HOWTHEDIFFER