八、狀語從句【考點(diǎn)直擊】1時(shí)間狀語從句2條件狀語從句3原因狀語從句4結(jié)果狀語從句5比較狀語從句6目的狀語從句7讓步狀語從句8地點(diǎn)狀語從句【名師點(diǎn)睛】用來修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞，副詞和形容詞的從句叫狀語從句。根據(jù)其含義狀語從句可分為時(shí)間狀語從句，地點(diǎn)狀語從句，條件狀語從句，原因狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，比較狀語從句，目的狀語從句，讓步狀語從句。1時(shí)間狀語從句1時(shí)間狀語從句常用WHEN,AS,WHILE,BEFORE,AFTER,SINCE,TILL,UNTIL,ASSOONAS等連詞來引導(dǎo)。例如ITWASRAININGHARDWHENGOTTOSCHOOLYESTERDAYWHILEHEWASDOINGHISHOMEWORK,THETELEPHONERANGASHEWALKEDALONGTHELAKE,HESANGHAPPILYHEHADLEARNEDALITTLECHINESEBEFOREHECAMETOCHINAAFTERHEFINISHEDMIDDLESCHOOL,HEWENTTOWORKINAFACTORY2在時(shí)間狀語從句里，通常不用將來時(shí)態(tài)，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。例如ILLRINGYOUUPASSOONASIGETTONEWYORKIWILLTELLHIMEVERYTHINGWHENHECOMESBACKHEWONTBELIEVEITUNTILHESEESITWITHHISOWNEYES3在帶有TILL或UNTIL引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的主從復(fù)合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含義是“一直到時(shí)”，謂語動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果主句用否定式，其含義是“直到才”,“在以前不”,謂語動(dòng)詞可用瞬間動(dòng)詞。例如THEYOUNGMANREADTILLTHELIGHTWENTOUTLETSWAITUNTILTHERAINSTOPSWEWONTSTARTUNTILBOBCOMESDONTGETOFFUNTILTHEBUSSTOPS2條件狀語從句1條件狀語從句通常由IF,UNLESS引導(dǎo)。例如WHATSHALLWEDOIFITSNOWSTOMORROWDONTLEAVETHEBUILDINGUNLESSITELLYOUTO2在條件狀語從句里，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。例如ILLHELPYOUWITHYOURENGLISHIFAMFREETOMORROWHEWONTBELATEUNLESSHEISILL3“祈使句ANDOR陳述句”在意思上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)帶有條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句。例如HURRYUP,ORYOULLBELATEIFYOUDONTHURRYUP,YOULLBELATESTUDYHARDANDYOUWILLPASSTHEEXAMIFYOUSTUDYHARD,YOUWILLPASSTHEEXAM3原因狀語從句1原因狀語從句通常由BECAUSE,SINCE,AS引導(dǎo)。例如HEDIDNTCOMETOSCHOOLBECAUSEHEWASILLASITISRAINING,WESHALLNOTGOTHEZOOSINCEYOUCANTANSWERTHEQUESTION,ILLASKSOMEONEELSE2BECAUSE表示直接原因，語氣最強(qiáng)。BECAUSE引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句多放在主句之后?；卮鹩蒞HY提出的問題，只能用BECAUSE。AS和SINCE語氣較弱，一般用來表示明顯的原因。由AS和SINCE引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從居多放在句首。例如WHYARENTGOINGTHEREBECAUSEIDONTWANTTOASHEHASNOCAR,HECANTGETTHEREEASILYSINCEWEHAVENOMONEY,WECANTBUYIT3BECAUSE和SO不能同用在一個(gè)句子里。4結(jié)果狀語從句1結(jié)果狀語從句由SOTHAT,SUCHTHAT,SOTHAT引導(dǎo)。例如HEISSOPOORTHATHECANTBUYABIKEFORHISSONSHEISSUCHAGOODTEACHERTHATEVERYBODYLIKESHERMYPENCILFELLUNDERTHEDESK,SOTHATICOULDNTSEEIT2SOTHAT語SUCHTHAT可以互換。例如在由SOTHAT引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，SO是副詞，與形容詞連用。其結(jié)構(gòu)是“SO形容詞（副詞）THAT從句”。例如HEWASSOGLADTHATHECOULDNTSAYAWORDTHEHALLISSOBIGTHATITCANHOLD2,000PEOPLEMOTHERLIVESSOFARAWAYTHATWEHARDLYEVERSEEHER在由SUCHTHAT引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，SUCH是形容詞，它修飾的可以是單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也可以是不可數(shù)名詞；名詞前面可以帶形容詞，也可不帶。如果是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，前面需加不定冠詞A或AN。例如ITWASSUCHAHOTDAYTHATNOBODYWANTEDTODOANYTHINGHEHADSUCHLONGARMSTHATHECOULDALMOSTTOUCHTHECEILINGHEMADESUCHRAPIDPROGRESSTHATHEDIDVERYWELLINTHEMIDTERM有時(shí)上述兩種結(jié)構(gòu)是可以互換的。例如ITWASSUCHAWONDERFULFILMTHATALLOFUSWANTEDTOSEEITAGAINTHEFILMWASSOWONDERFULTHATALLOFUSWANTEDTOSEEITAGAINITISSUCHANIMPORTANTMATCHTHATNOBODYWANTSTOMISSITTHEMATCHISSOIMPORTANTTHATNOBODYWANTSTOMISSIT3如果名詞前由MANY,MUCH,LITTLE,FEW等詞修飾時(shí)，只能用SO,不用SUCH。例如SOONTHEREWERESOMANYDEERTHATTHEYATEUPALLTHEWILDROSESHEHASSOLITTLETIMETHATHECANTGOTOTHECINEMAWITHYOU5比較狀語從句比較狀語從句通常由ASAS,比較級(jí)THAN等連詞引導(dǎo)。例如TOMRUNSFASTERTHANJOHNDOESTHISCLASSROOMISASBIGASTHATONE6目的狀語從句1目的狀語從句通常由SOTHAT,INORDERTHAT引導(dǎo)。例如WESTARTEDEARLYSOTHATWECOULDCATCHTHEFIRSTTRAINHESTUDIESHARDSOTHATHECOULDWORKBETTERINTHEFUTUREWEUSEDTHECOMPUTERINORDERTHATWEMIGHTSAVETIME2SOTHAT既可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。區(qū)別這兩種從句的辦法有兩個(gè)1目的狀語從句里往往帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞CAN,COULD,MAY,MIGHT等。2從意思上看，目的狀語從句往往表示的目的很明確。例如SPEAKCLEARLYSOTHATTHEYMAYUNDERSTANDYOU目的狀語從句JACKISBADLYILLSOTHATHEHASTOREST結(jié)果狀語從句7讓步狀語從句1讓步狀語從句通常由ALTHOUGH,THOUGH等連詞引導(dǎo)。例如THOUGHHEISYOUNG,HEKNOWSALOTALTHOUGHIAMTIRED,IMUSTGOONWORKING2ALTHOUGHTHOUGH不能用在同一個(gè)句子中。例如我們不能說THOUGHITWASRAININGHARD,BUTHESTILLWENTOUT應(yīng)該說THOUGHITWASRAININGHARD,HESTILLWENTOUT或ITWASRAININGHARD,BUTHESTILLWENTOUT8地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句常常由WHERE來引導(dǎo)。例如GOWHEREYOULIKEWHERETHEREISAWILL,THEREISAWAY【實(shí)例解析】12004年北京市海淀區(qū)中考試題YOUWILLSTAYHEALTHY_YOUDOMOREEXERCISE,SUCHASRUNNINGANDWALKINGAIFBHOWCBEFOREDWHERE答案A。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞的選擇。從意思上看，從句應(yīng)是一個(gè)條件狀語從句，在這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有IF能引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，所以選A。22004年江西省中考試題SHALLWEGOONWORKINGYES,_IPREFERTOHAVEARESTAWHENBIFCBECAUSEDTHOUGH答案D。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞的選擇。從意思上看，只有選THOUGH才能說得通。32004年徐州市中考試題NONEOFUSKNEWWHATHADHAPPENED_THEYTOLDUSABOUTITAWHENBUNTILCAFTERDTHOUGH答案B。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞選擇。本句的意思是“在以前我們沒人知道這件事?！币磉_(dá)著一意思應(yīng)用“NOTUNTIL”這一句型。42004年泉州市中考試題IHOPEYOULLENJOYYOURTRIP,DEARTHANKYOU,MUMILLGIVEYOUACALL_IGETTHEREAUNTILBASSOONASCSINCEDTILL答案B。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞的選擇。本題的意思是“一到那里，我就給你打電話。”要表達(dá)這個(gè)意思應(yīng)選用ASSOONAS?！局锌佳菥殹恳粏雾?xiàng)填空1_HESOLD,HECANSTILLCARRYTHISHEAVYBAGATHOUGHBSINCECFORDSO2DOYOUKNOWIFHE_TOPLAYBASKETBALLWITHUSITHINKHEWILLCOMEIFHE_FREETOMORROWACOMESISBCOMESWILLBECWILLCOMEISDWILLCOMEWILLBE3INTHEZOOIFACHILD_INTOTHEWATERANDCANTSWIM,THEDOLPHINSMAYCOMEUP_HIMAWILLFALLTOHELPBFALLSTOHELPCWILLFALLHELPDFALLSHELPING4IDONTREMEMBER_HEWORKEDINTHATCITYWHENHEWASYOUNGAWHATBWHICHCWHEREDWHO5WEWILLSTAYATHOMEIFMYAUNT_TOVISITUSTOMORROWACOMESBCOMECWILLCOMEDISCOMING6THEPOLICEASKEDTHECHILDREN_CROSSTHESTREET_THETRAFFICLIGHTSTURNEDGREENANOTBEFOREBDONTWHENCNOTTOUNTILDNOTAFTER7IWASLATEFORCLASSYESTERDAY_THEREWASSOMETHINGWRONGWITHMYBIKEAWHENBTHATCUNTILDBECAUSE8ILLGOSWIMMINGWITHYOUIFI_FREETOMORROWAWILLBEBSHALLBECAMDWAS9INTHEEXAM,THE_YOUARE,_THE_MISTAKESYOUWILLMAKEACAREFULLITTLEBMORECAREFULFEWESTCMORECAREFULFEWERDMORECAREFULLESS10YOUSHOULDFINISHYOURLESSONS_YOUGOOUTTOPALYABEFOREBAFTERCWHENDWHILE11IHURRIED_IWOULDNTBELATEFORCLASSASINCEBSOTHATCASIFDUNLESS12WHENYOUREADTHEBOOK,YOUDBETTERMAKEAMARK_YOUHAVEANYQUESTIONSAWHICHBTHATCWHEREDTHOUGH13THETEACHERRAISEDHISVOICE_ALLTHESTUDENTSCOULDHEARHIMAFORBSOTHATCBECAUSEDINORDER14HETOOKOFFHISCOAT_HEFELTHOTABECAUSEBASCIFDSINCE15ITIS_THATWEDLIKETOGOOUTFORAWALKAALOVELYDAYBTOOLOVELYADAYCSOLOVELYADAYDSUCHLOVELYADAY16MARYHAD_MUCHWORKTODOTHATSHESTAYEDATHEROFFICEALLDAYASUCHBSOCTOODVERY17_IFELTVERYTIRED,ITRIEDTOFINISHTHEWORKAALTHOUGHBBECAUSECASDASIF18_THEDAYWENTON,THEWEATHERGOTWORSEAWITHBSINCECWHILEDAS19_WELLYOUCANDRIVE,YOUMUSTDRIVECAREFULLYASOLONGASBINORDERTHATCNOMATTERHOWDTHEMOMENT20WRITETOMEASSOONASYOU_TOBEIJINGAWILLGETBGETCGETTINGDGOT二根據(jù)中文意思完成下列英語句子1不管他跟我開什麼玩笑，我都不生氣。IAMNOTANGRYWITHHIM,_JOKESHE_ONME2布魯斯太太對(duì)學(xué)生非常親切，以至于學(xué)生把她當(dāng)做母親。MRSBRUCEWAS_KINDTOHERSTUDENTS_THEY_HER_THEIRMOTHER3只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會(huì)滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。OURPARENTSWILLBEPLEASEDWITHOURPERFORMANCE_WETRYOURBEST4你一到上海就給我打個(gè)電話好嗎WIL