1、 1 1 Lesson 43 Over the South Pole 1 1 Topics for discussion What famous explorers do you know about? What are the main differences between modern expeditions and those of fifty years ago or more? 1. What do you know about the ? 1 1 The map of the world 南極洲：Antarctica Latin/South/North America 1 1 A

2、ntarctica South Pole The last mainland discovered : Antarctica The southernmost point: South pole 1 1 (pole light) 1 1 Antarctic penguins are the most representative animal , a symbol of the Antarctic. There are a total of 21 species of penguins . Along the coast , at least six kinds of seals (海豹) l

3、ive . 1 1 Blue whales, the worlds largest animals. snowbird (雪鳥(niǎo)）, albatrosseslbtrs 信天翁 seagull 海鷗海鷗 , skuas skju: 賊鷗 1 1 Antarctica : Antarctica is the worlds most isolated continent, surrounded by a vast ocean . Antarctica is the worlds coldest continent, where the worlds lowest recorded temperatur

4、e of -89.2 degrees is observed so far. Antarctica is the worlds highest continent, Antarctica, the average altitude is 2350 meters. Antarctica is the worlds driest continent, near the South Pole, the annual precipitation 降水量 is close to zero, forming dry white desert. Antarctica has the largest amou

5、nt of snow and ice, greater than 95% of the worlds total ice and snow . 最偏遠(yuǎn)的 最冷的 最高的 最干燥的 最多數(shù)量的冰雪 1 1 The Antarctic is the most difficult continent to approach. Its not only far apart from other continents , but also surrounded by a number of kilometers of ice shelves; the waters around the Antarcti

6、c continent are also covered by thousands of huge floating icebergs, causing great difficulties and dangers for maritime navigation. 最難到達(dá)的大陸 1 1 Exploration For hundreds of years, in order to reveal its mysterious veil, thousands of explorers have headed for Antarctica . The first people to reach th

7、e South Pole Roald Amundsen (羅爾德 亞孟森) and his entourage, arrived on December 14, 1911. While, Amundsens competitor, Scott and his companions , on the return trip, were unable to bear hunger and almost extremely cold to death. 羅伯特羅伯特斯科特斯科特 Robert Falcon Scott 羅爾德羅爾德亞孟森亞孟森 Roald E. G. Amundsen 1 1 We

8、took risks, we knew we took them; things have come out against us, and therefore we have no cause for complaint, but bow to the will of Providence, determined still to do our best to the last . Had we lived, I should have had a tale to tell of the hardihood, endurance, and courage of my companions w

9、hich would have stirred the heart of every Englishman. These rough notes and our dead bodies must tell the tale, but surely, surely, a great rich country like ours will see that those who are dependent on us are properly provided for. 我們這么做是冒險(xiǎn)的，我們深知這點(diǎn)，運(yùn)氣沒(méi)有在我們這邊，這都是天意， 我們沒(méi)什么可抱怨，只能努力到最后一刻.如果我們得以幸存，我將向

10、世人 講述我的同伴的毅力、進(jìn)取和勇氣，并將以此激勵(lì)每一個(gè)英國(guó)人。我們的遺 骸和這些潦草的便條也將一定會(huì)講述我們的故事，而且我們富強(qiáng)的祖國(guó)會(huì)證 明，一定會(huì)證明，那些支持者我們的人的信心沒(méi)有被辜負(fù)。 羅伯特斯科特 1 1 Era Of Scientific Expedition 1 1 Assignment Surf the internet and search for the information about a person who was regarded as the “first person” in the human history. Briefly extract(摘錄) hi

11、s/her story (within 50 words.) Prepare to share it with other fellow classmates next week. No Columbus please. 1 1 1 1 pole n.（地球的）極 flight n. 飛行 (fly) explorer n. 探險(xiǎn)家 lie v. 處于 serious adj. 嚴(yán)重的 point n. 地點(diǎn) seem v. 似乎 crash v. 墜毀 sack n. 袋子 clear v. 越過(guò) aircraft n. 飛機(jī) endless adj. 無(wú)盡的 plain n. 平原 【Ne

12、w words and expressions】 Pole n. 桿；極點(diǎn)；電極 vt. 用竿支撐 North Pole, South Pole Under bare pole 海不張帆 Pole apart (or asunder) 分離的，截然相 反的，南轅北轍的 Up the pole 俚進(jìn)退兩難，處于困境 （=trap in dilema） 1 1 explorer n. 探測(cè)者，探測(cè)器；探險(xiǎn)家 Internet Explorer IE瀏覽器 The explorer organized an expedition to the North Pole . 那位考察者組織了一個(gè)去北極的探

13、險(xiǎn)隊(duì)。 navigator 1 1 趴著趴著 lie on ones stomach 仰臥仰臥 lie on ones back 處于，位于處于，位于/ 躺著躺著lie 過(guò)去式過(guò)去式 lay （過(guò)去分詞）（過(guò)去分詞）lain (現(xiàn)在分詞）現(xiàn)在分詞）lying 放置放置/下蛋下蛋 lay （過(guò)去式）（過(guò)去式）laid （過(guò)去分詞）（過(guò)去分詞）laid (現(xiàn)在分詞）現(xiàn)在分詞）laying 別惹事生非別惹事生非/ /別自找麻煩。別自找麻煩。 Let sleeping dogs lie.Let sleeping dogs lie. 1 1 1 1 1. He _ down for a rest. 他躺

14、下休息一會(huì)。他躺下休息一會(huì)。 2. He_ about his age. 他在年齡上撒了謊。他在年齡上撒了謊。 3. Please _ the packages on the table. 請(qǐng)把包裹放在桌上。請(qǐng)把包裹放在桌上。 4. The black hen _ an egg a day. 那只黑母雞每天生一個(gè)蛋。那只黑母雞每天生一個(gè)蛋。 5. His hat and gloves were _ on the table. 他的帽子和手套都放在桌上。他的帽子和手套都放在桌上。 6. Japan _ to the east of China. 日本在中國(guó)的東面。日本在中國(guó)的東面。 lay li

15、ed lay lays lying lies 1 1 serious: 1.I heard youre injured, is it serious? 2.Are you serious? I cant believe it. 3. My father is a serious man, we seldom make jokes in front of him. 嚴(yán)重的，認(rèn)真的， 嚴(yán)肅的 現(xiàn)在來(lái)說(shuō)正經(jīng)的現(xiàn)在來(lái)說(shuō)正經(jīng)的 and now to be seriousand now to be serious 當(dāng)真當(dāng)真 take for serious 1 1 serious This is a se

16、rious ceremony, stop fidgeting. （莊重的） Mayday! Mayday! This is serious matter. （危急的 ） 1 1 point : v. / n. 地點(diǎn)，地點(diǎn)， 要點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn) 1. The river turns north at this point. 2. I dont see the point of her last remark. 我不明白她最后那句話(huà)的意思。 3. Im in a hurry, so come to the point. 我趕時(shí)間，直接了當(dāng)說(shuō)出來(lái)吧。 在某個(gè)地方在某個(gè)地方 at one point

17、at one point 優(yōu)點(diǎn)優(yōu)點(diǎn) strong points strong points 他事業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)他事業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn) a turning point a turning point in his careerin his career 離題離題 beside the point beside the point 言歸正傳言歸正傳 get to the pointget to the point 1 1 1 1 1. (to be) + n/adj. 2. seem+to do 3.It seems/seemed +that從句 It seems so.= So it seems. 似乎是那

18、樣 seem v.似乎，好像 1 1 seem 暗示有一定根據(jù)的判斷 （往往接近事實(shí)） look 著重由視覺(jué)得出的結(jié)果 appear 強(qiáng)調(diào)外表給人的印象 （有時(shí)指實(shí)質(zhì)并非如此） 1 1 crash kr vt. ; 一袋的量一袋的量 Coal used to cost 3 shillings a sack. 以往一袋煤值三先令。 I bought three sacks of rice. 我買(mǎi)了三袋米。 Hit the sack = go to sleep 1 1 clearclear v. v. ( (凌空、不接觸地凌空、不接觸地) ) 越過(guò)越過(guò), , 跳過(guò)跳過(guò) clear the moun

19、tain 飛躍山峰 cleared the fence 越過(guò)籬笆 clear awayclear away 把把清除掉，收拾干凈清除掉，收拾干凈 Have you cleared away your books from the table? adj. 清楚的， 明確的 be be clearclear about about “對(duì)對(duì)明白，對(duì)明白，對(duì)明確明確” Im not clear about where they live. Have I made myself clear? 1 1 endless endless adj. adj. 無(wú)止境的無(wú)止境的; ; 沒(méi)完沒(méi)了的沒(méi)完沒(méi)了的 The

20、 childs endless crying made me mad. Your endless talking hinders me from my work. 你們談話(huà)沒(méi)完沒(méi)了，都妨礙我工作了。 Endless complaint/journey/arguments -less 是后綴，表示否定意味. hopeless; helpless; aimless; childless; tireless 1 1 Phrases 1.能做某事能做某事:be able to 2.飛越飛越:flight over = fly over 3.第一次第一次:for the first time 4.首先首

21、先:at first 5.拍照拍照:take a photograph = take a picture 6.大量的大量的:a great many of 7.陷入困境陷入困境:run into trouble = get into trouble 1 1 8.在某一個(gè)地方在某一個(gè)地方:at one point 9.似乎肯定似乎肯定:it seems certain that 10.丟棄丟棄:throw out 11.在視線(xiàn)中在視線(xiàn)中:in sight 1 1 比較can和be able to 表示成功地做了某事時(shí)，只能用was/were able to ， 不能用could。 He coul

22、d swim halfway before he got tired. (not correct) He was able to swim halfway before he got tired.( correct) can用于表示“能力”時(shí)是指現(xiàn)在的能力，過(guò)去或 將來(lái)的能力通常用was/were able to或 will/shall be able to表示。 1 1 比較比較can 和和be able to 1) cancould 表示能力;可能 (過(guò)去時(shí)用could)，只用于現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式只用于現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式 (could)。be able to可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)各種時(shí)態(tài)。 They w

23、ill be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告訴你消息了。 2)只用只用be able to a. 位于助動(dòng)詞后。 b. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后。 c. 表示過(guò)去某時(shí)刻動(dòng)作時(shí)。 d. 用于句首表示條件。 e. 表示成功地做了某事時(shí)，只能用表示成功地做了某事時(shí)，只能用was/were able to， 不能用could。 He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out。 = He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out。 注意：could不表示時(shí)態(tài)不表示

24、時(shí)態(tài) 1)提出委婉的請(qǐng)求，(注意在回答中不可用could)。 - Could I have the television on? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant。 2)在否定，疑問(wèn)句中表示推測(cè)或懷疑。 He couldnt be a bad man. 他不大可能是壞人。 1 1 She could/was able to swim when she was five years old. (ability) She swam the Channel when she was eleven. (statement of fact) The weather was b

25、ad, but she was able to swim the Channel. (completed action in the past) He couldnt/wasnt able to go to London yesterday because his wife was ill. (incomplete action in the past) 1 1 were finally able to Can I arent able to/couldnt 1 1 R.E. Byrd (Richard Evelyn Byrd): He was an American airman and p

26、olar explorer (極地探險(xiǎn) 家）. He was a pioneer in transatlantic and transpolar flights and flew to the North Pole in 1926 and to the South Pole in 1929. He made other expeditions to the Antarctic in 1933-5, 1939 and 1946-7. 1 1 First listen and then answer the question: 1 1 listen and answer: 1. Who succe

27、ssfully flew over the South pole for the first time according to the text? 2. When did the man successfully fly over the North Pole? 3. What were Byrd and his men able to do at first? 4. How was the plane able to clear the mountains? 5. Why did Byrd now know that he would be able to reach the South

28、Pole ? 1 1 The American explorer, R. E. Byrd, successfully flew over the North Pole first time. 2. Byrd and his team were able to take a lot of photographs of the mountains that lay below. The plane could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 miles. After Byrd ordered his men to throw out

29、 two heavy food sacks, the plane was able to rise. 1 1 【課文講解課文講解】 1、In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. fly over = clear 飛越飛越 for the first time 第一次第一次 （time :“次，回”，this time，last time，

30、next time， another time， each time，for the last time等） I remind you for the last time that if you dont hurry, youll miss the train. Give him these photos next time you see him. 美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家R.E.伯德在飛越北極伯德在飛越北極3年年 之后，于之后，于1929年第一次飛越了南極。年第一次飛越了南極。 1 1 2、Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take

31、 a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. though “雖然雖然，盡管，盡管” Although/Though I felt sorry for him ,I could do nothing. take a photograph of 拍拍的照片的照片 (take a picture of) He took a photograph of his house before he left home. run into trouble = get

32、 into trouble 遇到麻煩，陷入困境遇到麻煩，陷入困境 Each time he ran into trouble, he asked his parents for help. ( run / get into debt (負(fù)債）， run /get into difficulties （陷于困難 ）， run/get into danger (陷入險(xiǎn)境） 雖然開(kāi)始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的雖然開(kāi)始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的 大量照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。大量照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。 1 1 3、At one point, it seeme

33、d certain that their plane would crash. at one point 在某一地方，在某一時(shí)刻 At one point, he made up his mind to become a painter. 他曾一度 下決心要當(dāng)個(gè)畫(huà)家。 it seemed certain that 看起來(lái)肯定看起來(lái)肯定 It now seems certain that the meeting is going to be put off. “ it +系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+ 形容詞形容詞/名詞名詞+ that 從句從句” It was obvious that the snake c

34、ould not tell the difference between Indian music and jazz. It is important that you have talked to her. It is a great surprise that he got married to Jane. 1 1 4、It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. get over = fly over , clear 飛越飛越 rise to 上升至上升至 5、The plane was then able

35、 to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet. by 表示“相差，以相差，以之差之差”的意思 I missed the train by ten minutes. 我晚了10分鐘，沒(méi)趕上火車(chē)。 He is younger than me by two years. 他比我小兩歲。 于是飛機(jī)可于是飛機(jī)可 以上升了，以上升了， 它在離山頭它在離山頭 400英尺的英尺的 高度飛越了高度飛越了 過(guò)去。過(guò)去。 1 1 6for there were no more mountains in sight. 因?yàn)榍懊嬖贈(zèng)]有山了。 for 表示“因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)椤?/p>

36、。 in sight 表示在看得見(jiàn)的范圍內(nèi)在看得見(jiàn)的范圍內(nèi)、在可看見(jiàn)之處在可看見(jiàn)之處： No man was in sight. 一個(gè)人也看不見(jiàn)。 I kept my car in sight while fishing by a stream 我在小溪邊釣魚(yú)時(shí)，把汽車(chē)停在看得見(jiàn)的地方。 Follow that man and keep him in sight all the time. 要跟著那個(gè)人,一直盯著他. out of sight 1 1 南極南極 北極北極 第一次第一次 起初起初 拍拍的照片的照片 遇到麻煩遇到麻煩,陷入困境陷入困境 看起來(lái)肯定看起來(lái)肯定 立刻，馬上立刻，馬上 許

37、多，大量許多，大量 在視野中在視野中 毫不費(fèi)力地毫不費(fèi)力地 在某一個(gè)位置上在某一個(gè)位置上 the South Pole the North Pole for the first time at first take photographs of run /get into trouble It seems certain that at once a great many in sight without difficulties at one point 1 1 over, on, above can, could, be able to 區(qū)別區(qū)別 explorer, explosion a

38、t first at/in/on 詞組詞組 a great many lie, lay, lain / lay, laid, laid / lie, lied, lied run into seem to do sth. / seem to be + adj. / seem + adj. / It seems that rise, raise by in sight / out of sight without difficulty 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Retell the story: 1929- American explorer- Byrd South Pole first

39、time At first- many photographs- mountains- soon- serious trouble one point- certain- crash only get over- rose-10,000 feet ordered-throw out- food sacks able to rise- cleared- by 400 feet 1. knew- reach- South Pole-300 miles- no more mountains- sight 1 1 In 1929, three years after his flight _the N

40、orth Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole _. Though,_, Byrd and his men _take _photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran _serious trouble. At ne point, it seemed _ that their plane would _. It could only get over the mountains if it _to 10,00

41、0 feet. Byrd at once ordered his men to _two heavy food sacks. The plane was then able to rise and it_ the mountains _400 feet. Byrd now knew that he would be able to_ the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains_. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plai

42、ns_. over for the first timeat first were able toa great many into certain crash rose throw out clearedby reach in sight without difficulty 1 1 In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. 2.Tho

43、ugh, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. 美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家 R.E. R.E. 伯德在飛越北極伯德在飛越北極3 3年之后，于年之后，于19291929年年 第一次飛越了南極。第一次飛越了南極。 雖然開(kāi)始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的雖然開(kāi)始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的 大量照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。大量照片，但他們很快

44、就陷入了困境。 1 1 3. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. 4.Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks. The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet. 在有個(gè)地方，飛機(jī)似乎肯定要墜毀了。只有在飛至在有個(gè)地方，飛機(jī)似乎肯定要墜毀了。只有在飛至 10,00010,000英尺的高度時(shí)，它才能飛過(guò)這些山頭。英尺的高度時(shí)，它才能飛過(guò)這些山頭。 伯德馬上命令他的助手們把兩個(gè)沉重的食物袋扔掉，于伯德馬上命令他的助手們把兩個(gè)沉重的食物袋扔掉，于 是飛機(jī)可以上升了，它在離山頭是飛