1、 十種翻譯技巧（三）十種翻譯技巧（三） 正說反譯和反說正譯法(negation) 語態(tài)變換法(voice changes) 引申法 （extension） 正說反譯和反說正譯法正說反譯和反說正譯法(negation) 這種方法是指為照顧目的語習(xí)慣，原語中肯定的或否定的表達(dá)可以轉(zhuǎn)換成目的語中否定的或肯定的表達(dá)。One by one, these friends, acquaintances, and strangers from the different times of my shortened life stood by the casket to say farewell,adieu,z

2、aijen. 參考譯文：在我提前結(jié)束的生命里，我在不同時(shí)期所結(jié)交的朋友，認(rèn)識(shí)的熟人，還有一些陌生人，都一一走到我的棺材前，操著不同的語言跟我說“再見”。2. And before Marlena could lash into him for such a callous remark , he aimed his finger toward the other side of the lobby.參考譯文：不等朱馬琳指責(zé)他對(duì)別人漠不關(guān)心，他便朝大廳的另一頭指了指。 3. The major reason given was that the girls own expectations de

3、clined because neither their families nor their teachers expected them to prepare for a future other than that of marriage and motherhood. 主要原因是姑娘們對(duì)自己的期望降低了，因?yàn)闊o論家人還是老師都只是期望她們將來能結(jié)婚生子。 4. The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human

4、 mind. 譯文：科學(xué)研究的方法只是人類思維活動(dòng)的必要表達(dá)方式。 5. It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price. (開這么高的價(jià)，簡(jiǎn)直是敲竹杠。) 6. You cannot attach too much importance to the matter. (你應(yīng)該非常重視這件事情。) 7. He is no less clever than his brother. (他和他兄弟一樣聰明。) 8. The man over there is none other than our principal. (站在那兒的人正是

5、我們的校長(zhǎng)。) 9無論如何，她算不上一位思維敏捷的學(xué)生。 She can hardly be rated as a bright student. (正譯) She is anything but a bright student. (反譯) Im blest if I know. 我一點(diǎn)也不知道。 He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. 他這個(gè)人優(yōu)柔寡斷，而且總是反復(fù)無常。 Miss Fairlie kept to her room all day. 范俐小姐整日足不出戶。 13，油漆未干 Wet paint 14

6、，他新雇來的女傭人懶得出奇，飯量到很大，真是一個(gè)無用而又累贅的東西。無用而又累贅的東西。 His newly employed woman servant was extremely lazy and ate a lot , no more than a white elephant. 15，.Her husband hates to see her stony face. 她丈夫不愿不愿見到她那毫無表情毫無表情的臉。 16，He knew he was mortally ill. 他知道他得的事不治之癥。 語態(tài)變換法語態(tài)變換法(voice changes) 英語被動(dòng)句多與漢語，因而翻譯是要進(jìn)

7、行相應(yīng)的語態(tài)調(diào)整。In some of the European countries, the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance. 在有些歐洲國(guó)家里，人民享受最廣泛的社會(huì)福利，如醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)等。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)主動(dòng)語態(tài)）The robot sifter has been put into use. 自動(dòng)篩機(jī)已投入使用。3. The shell parts of reactor pressure vessels have been often fabricated with formed plat

8、es welded together.反應(yīng)堆壓力容器的殼體常常由成型鋼板焊接而成。 4. All the sounds are fed into a computer and analyzed. 把所有的聲音輸入電腦進(jìn)行分析。 5. It would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt. 如果人們不強(qiáng)烈地感受到損失，那倒是奇怪了。 6. They were given a hearty welcome. 他們受到熱烈歡迎。 7. I was so impressed by these words that I used them l

9、ater for a Christmas card. 我為這些話深深感動(dòng)，后來我就把它們寫在圣誕卡上。 8. Last year the region was visited by the worst drought in 60 years. 去年該地區(qū)遭遇了六十年一遇的旱災(zāi)。 9. The ship was destined for London. 這艘船開往倫敦。 10. Rainbows are formed when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky. 陽光穿過空氣中的小水珠就形成了彩虹。 引申法引申法 1.

10、 It is not easy to become a member of that clubthey want people who have plenty of money to spend, not just every Tom, Dick and Harry. 誤譯：要加入個(gè)俱樂部并不容易他們要的是有錢花的人，不只是湯姆、迪克和哈利等。 正確譯文：要加入那個(gè)俱樂部并不容易他們要的是有錢花的富人，不是隨便哪個(gè)平民百姓。 Dogs dont speak in the future tense. They live in the moment. 狗不顧將來，只管眼前。 3. I visite

11、d various parts of my own country; and had I merely a lover of fine scenery, I should have felt little desire to seek elsewhere its gratification, for on no country have the charms of nature been more prodigally lavished. Her mighty lakes like oceans of liquid silver; her mountains with their bright

12、 aerial tints; her valleys, teeming with wild fertility; her tremendous cataracts, thundering in their solitudes; her boundless plains, waving with spontaneous verdure; her broad deep rivers, rolling in solemn silence to the ocean; her trackless forests, where vegetation puts forth all its magnifice

13、nce; her skies, kindling with the magic of summer clouds and glorious sunshine, no, never need an American look beyond his own country for the sublime and beautiful of natural scenery. 我游遍祖國(guó)山河，如果單是為欣賞美景，那我就犯不著去別處尋找這種欲望的滿足感；因?yàn)樵跊]有別的國(guó)家象美國(guó)這樣有如此迷人的自然景色了：廣闊的湖泊，如銀波閃耀的大海；崇山峻嶺，鋪上空靈爽朗的色彩；深邃的峽谷，繁茂的草木；鳥獸眾多，激蕩的瀑

14、布在寂靜的荒原中轟鳴而下；無邊的平原，連綿起伏，蓊蓊郁郁；深而寬闊的河流，浩浩蕩蕩，無聲無息地奔流入海；人跡罕至的森林，處處顯露著豪爽的景觀；夏日的天空，云朵變幻莫測(cè)，陽光燦爛 不，一個(gè)美國(guó)人永遠(yuǎn)不必去國(guó)外尋找宏偉壯麗的美景！ 4, Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of

15、the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life. 青春不只是人生的一個(gè)階段；它是一種心境。它不是指紅潤(rùn)的臉頰，紅色的嘴唇和柔軟彎曲的膝蓋；而是指意志力、豐富的想象力、充沛的情感。它是生命深泉之清新。 青春不是年華，而是心態(tài)；青春不是粉面、紅唇、柔膝，而是堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志，恢弘的想象，炙熱的戀情；青春是生命深泉的自在涌流。 5. Every life has its roses and thorns. 每個(gè)人的生活都有甜有苦。 6. New York is not Mecca to me. 紐約不是我心中的圣城。 紐約不是我向

16、往的地方。 郭彩娣笑了，贊賞他的口才說：“說話真會(huì)繞彎?！保ㄉ虾５脑绯浚〨uo Caidi smiled and said appreciatively: “He certainly knows how to keep you guessing.” 8，Long-stemmed models ankled through the lobby () 身材修長(zhǎng)的模特們裊裊婷婷地走過大廳。 9、Haie gazes thoughtfully at his great paws and winks at me. The thrashing was the high water mark of his

17、life. He tells me he often dreams of it (Brick Remarque: ) 哈伊面帶沉思地盯著自己的一雙大手，對(duì)我眨了眨眼。他一生最好的時(shí)候，就是在家鄉(xiāng)打粒脫谷那會(huì)兒。他告訴我說他常常夢(mèng)見那些日子 10 ，The project is an economic albatross from the start 這個(gè)項(xiàng)目從一開始就是一個(gè)擺脫不了的經(jīng)濟(jì)難題 11，她怕碰一鼻子灰，話到嘴邊，他又把它吞了下去。 She was afraid of being snubbed, so she swallowed the words that came to her

18、 lips. 12， 為頭一人，頭戴武巾，身穿團(tuán)花線袍，白凈面皮，三綹髭須，真有龍鳳之表。（儒林外傳） The leader of the band wore a military cap and flowered silk costume. He has a clear complexion, his beard was fine and he looked every inch a King. 13，那柳湘蓮原系世家子弟，.素性爽俠，不拘細(xì)事，酷好耍槍舞劍，賭博吃酒，以至眠花臥柳，吹笛彈箏，不所不為。 Liu Xiang-lian was a young man of excellent

19、familyHe was of a dashing impulsive with spear or saber, drinking, and gambling, but be was not averse play on both the flute and zither. 14, 我要有個(gè)三長(zhǎng)兩短，你給玉山捎個(gè)話?。ǘ霹i程保衛(wèi)延安） If anything should happen to me, let Yushan know! 15，He is a rolling stone ,I dont think he can go far. 他是一個(gè)見異思遷見異思遷的人，我想他不會(huì)有多大出息。 16，By th