1、Unit1 同步檢測.閱讀理解When Alfred Nobel created the prizes that bear his name，he decided that they be given for work done in the previous year.But it has led to all kinds of troubleas it did once again this month，when the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology was awarded to a dead man.It is a complex story

2、，one that could not have been foreseen when Nobel，the Swedish inventor，died in 1896.But it all traces back to his will，written at a time when international prizes were an original idea.Nobel did not say why he wanted to reward scientists who “made the most important discovery” during the previous ye

3、ar.One can guess that he wanted to reward present­day innovation and not to give tombstone awards to Galileo，Hippocrates，and other scientists from centuries past.But will and science often got involved.The one­year timing proved impractical；scientific findings generally need to be tested，s

4、ometimes for decades，before their value is appreciated.Perhaps to avoid the Galileo problem，the Nobel Foundation did state clearly that the award be given only to living people；that rule was made formal in the 1970s.But the rule against posthumous awards has now been violated several timesmost recen

5、tly this month，when the prize in medicine was given to Dr.Ralph MSteinman，a scientist at Rockefeller University，who died three days before his election.His discovery，called dendritic cells，took place in 1973.The first posthumous winner was the poet Erik Karlfeldt.Karlfeldt had refused his selection

6、in 1918 because he was a longtime member of the Swedish Nobel Academy.When he was selected again in 1931，he had died that April.What happens if a candidate dies? The Nobel Foundation might consider changes at its next meeting.One possibility would be to withhold (阻止) the announcement of an award unt

7、il a Nobel official hears the winners voice on the famous notification calls.【文章大意】諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)是一個(gè)國際獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，用來獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)前一年在科學(xué)上取得重大發(fā)現(xiàn)的人。諾貝爾基金會明確說明這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)只頒給活著的人，但科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)需要時(shí)間來檢驗(yàn)。諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)能頒給死去的人嗎？或許諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)需要一些變革？1What did Alfred Nobel create the prizes for?ATo make himself remembered forever.BTo attract international attention to Swed

8、en.CTo encourage contributions to mankind.DTo honor some dead outstanding discoverers.解析：選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“he decided that they be given for work done in the previous year.”和第三段中的“One can guess that he wanted to reward present­day innovation”可知，創(chuàng)立諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的目的就是獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)其所在時(shí)代的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)或重大成就。2Why has the Nobel Pri

9、ze brought about trouble?AThe one­year timing is not workable.BNobel Foundation tries to break his will.CNobels fortune is not well managed.DCandidates are hard to be selected worldwide.解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“The one­year timing proved impractical；scientific findings generally need to be test

10、ed，sometimes for decades，before their value is appreciated.”可知答案。3What do the examples of the scientist Ralph MSteinman and the poet Erik Karlfeldt suggest?AThe Nobel Foundation should obey the rules.BSome rules of the prize call for reform.CThe Nobel Academy failed to perform their duty.DThe winner

11、 should live a very long life.解析：選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文可知，諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)規(guī)定只頒發(fā)給健在的科學(xué)家，可是這一年的諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)?lì)C發(fā)給了已經(jīng)去世的Ralph MSteinman，1931年的諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)?lì)C發(fā)給了已逝的詩人Erik Karlfeldt，這兩個(gè)例子足以說明諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的一些規(guī)定需要改革。4According to the last paragraph，the Nobel Prize is announced to the winner_Ain secretBthrough a visitCby e­mailDon the telephone解析：選

12、D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句話中的“until a Nobel official hears the winners voice on the famous notification calls”可知答案。.七選五補(bǔ)缺題Doctors Say Most Heart Disease PreventableHeart disease is the number one killer，worldwide，of men and women over the age of 60.But people of all ages die of heart attacks each year.And

13、 while death rates have declined in the US.and many western European countries，they are on the rise in the developing world.1._No one would have guessed that Barbara Teng would have a heart attack.She was not overweight.She did not smoke or exercise.“In 2004，the week after I turned 49，when I was on

14、a business trip in Chicago，I had a major heart attack，” she said.2._ She now exercises daily，and monitors her heart health.Dr.Patrice Nickens，who is with the National Heart，Lung and Blood Institute，thinks that heart disease is 82 percent preventable.“3._” she said，“Men are also facing the same probl

15、em，and the key to staying healthy is knowing your numbers”“Your weight，your blood cholesterol，blood sugar and your blood pressure are important numbers that can help you take action and reduce your risk，” she said.4._“And the steps to take are simple: dont smoke，maintain a healthy weight，exercise，kn

16、ow your numbers and talk to your physician and control these risks，” she said.African­Americans are at higher­than­average risk for heart disease and stroke；people dont even know they have it，which increases the risk.Medstar Washington Hospital Center is trying to reach this populatio

17、n.5._For example，helping the people monitor their blood pressure.If people realize they are at risk for heart disease，thell make lifestyle changes: lose weight，exercise，eat the right foods and keep in touch with a doctor.AA healthy lifestyle can prevent heart disease.BSo we must cure heart disease.C

18、It is the leading cause of death for women.DWith the right training，they can play an important role in community health.EAnd that changed her life.FLack of exercise causes heart attacks.GYet most heart disease is preventable.答案：15GECAD.完形填空Nowadays，its not easy being a teenager，nor is it easy being

19、a parent.Parents are _1_advice for their children on what to learn，but when it comes to _2_ to live，as a matter of fact，they often have _3_to say.As a result，children may grow up with good manners and much _4_，but without any idea how to _5_ their life.Here are some basics to help.Firstly，build prop

20、er relationships.“No man is an island.”So _6_ with friends will have a sense of belonging and not _7_from loneliness，whose ill effects have been _8_ among the elderly.If the young are surrounded by friends and relatives，they are more _9_ to recover from their illnesses.Then，try to be honest.Children

21、 must be taught to stay honest.It takes courage and training to be honest when people are getting away with cheating and _10_ all around.Be _11_ of money.Explain to children that credit cards must be used _12_and that when buying something using a credit card，they can easily end up paying two or thr

22、ee times more than in cash.Suppose your child _13_ a new bicycle that costs $150._14_ paying the cash，give him some _15_ pocket money.And by putting aside $15 each week，he will be able to buy it for himself in only ten weeks.Another thing to keep in mind is to expect a lot from your child，but not ev

23、erything，which is also _16_So give your child space to _17_If your child is _18_ to discuss something，dont force him to do that.Instead，let him _19_ to solve things by himself.At the same time，_20_ him that youre always there for him if he seeks advice or help.【文章大意】如今，當(dāng)父母不容易，特別是講到“如何生活”這個(gè)話題時(shí)，父母們似乎也

24、很難講清楚，本文給父母提出了一些建議。1A.full of Bshort of Cproud of Dafraid of解析：選A。在學(xué)習(xí)方面，父母們對孩子有一籮筐的建議。full of“充滿”，表示很多；short of“短缺”；proud of“對感到驕傲”；afraid of“對害怕”。根據(jù)語境可知應(yīng)選A。2A.why Bwhether Cwhere Dhow解析：選D。事實(shí)上，當(dāng)提到“如何(how)生活”這個(gè)話題時(shí)，父母們幾乎不知道該說什么。3A.much Blittle Cenough Deverything解析：選B。參見上題解析。little表示“很少的”，符合語境。4A.kno

25、wledge BenergyCmoney Dhumor解析：選A。結(jié)果，孩子們懂禮貌，知識豐富(much knowledge)，卻不知道怎么控制(manage)自己的生活。 5A.save Bimagine Cmanage Dearn解析：選C。參見上題解析。 save“拯救”；imagine“想象”；manage“控制”；earn“賺得”。根據(jù)語境可知答案為C。6A.adults Bparents Cteachers Dteenagers解析：選D。所以有朋友的青少年會有一種歸屬感不會感到孤獨(dú)。根據(jù)語境可知，這里談?wù)摰膶ο笫乔嗌倌?teenagers)。7A.die Bsuffer Clea

26、rn Dbenefit解析：選B。參見上題解析。die from“死于”；suffer from“遭受”；learn from“向?qū)W習(xí)”；benefit from“從受益”。根據(jù)語境可知答案為B。8A.observed Breplaced Cignored Dshared解析：選A。孤獨(dú)感的副作用可以從老年人身上觀察(observed)到。replace“代替”；ignore“忽略”；share“分享”。根據(jù)語境可知答案為A。9A.difficult Bcontent Clikely Dconfident解析：選C。如果年輕人被親友包圍，他們就更有可能(likely)從疾病中恢復(fù)過來。diff

27、icult“困難的”；content“滿意的”；confident“自信的”。10A.guaranteeing BapologizingCpromising Dlying解析：選D。當(dāng)人們作弊和說謊(lying)卻未受到懲罰時(shí)，更需要勇氣和鍛煉來保持誠實(shí)的品質(zhì)。此處用lying和前面的cheating并列。guarantee“保證”；apologize“道歉”；promise“允諾”。11A.aware Bshort Cgenerous Dcareful解析：選D?；ㄥX需謹(jǐn)慎。careful“小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的”，符合語境。aware“意識到的”；short“短缺的”；generous“慷慨的”。

28、12A.responsibly BpatientlyCfrequently Dimmediately解析：選A。向孩子們解釋，必須負(fù)責(zé)地(responsibly)使用信用卡，否則他們會輕易地刷卡消費(fèi)。patiently“耐心地”；frequently“頻繁地”；immediately“立刻”。根據(jù)語境可知答案為A。13A.loses Bwants Crepairs Dsteals解析：選B。假設(shè)你的孩子想要(wants)一輛新自行車。14A.In favour of BIn spite ofCRather than DIn return for解析：選C。定期給他一些零花錢，而不是(Rathe

29、r than)用現(xiàn)金全額付款。in favour of“支持，贊成”；in spite of“盡管，不管”；in return for“作為的回報(bào)”。根據(jù)語境可知答案為C。15A.necessary Bextra Cregular Dspare解析：選C。參見上題解析。regular“有規(guī)律的”，符合語境。necessary“必須的”；extra“多余的”；spare“空余的”。16A.important BstrangeCobvious Dtroublesome解析：選A。另外一點(diǎn)需要銘記的是，要對孩子很多期待，但同樣重要的(important)是，不能對每件事都飽含期望。strange“奇

30、怪的”；obvious“明顯的”；troublesome“麻煩的”。根據(jù)語境可知選A項(xiàng)。17A.relax Bwork Cplay Dgrow解析：選D。給孩子成長(grow)的空間。18A.satisfied Bunwilling Cready Dfrightened解析：選B。如果孩子不愿意(unwilling)談?wù)撃臣?，那么不要勉?qiáng)他。satisfied“滿意的”；ready“準(zhǔn)備好的”；frightened“害怕的”。根據(jù)語境可知答案為B。19A.volunteer Brefuse Cattempt Dafford解析：選C。讓他們自己嘗試(attempt)去解決問題。volunte

31、er“自愿做”；refuse“拒絕”；afford“買得起”。根據(jù)語境可知答案為C。20A.remind Bencourage Cinform Dwarn解析：選A。同時(shí)提醒(remind)他，如果他需要建議或幫助，你隨時(shí)都在身邊。encourage“鼓勵(lì)”；inform“通知”；warn“警告”。根據(jù)語境可知答案為A。.語法填空Mary：Our guest today is Chef Michael Wilson.Thanks again for 1._ (join) us，Mr.Wilson.Mike：Oh，its my 2._ (please)And please，call me Mik

32、e.Mary：OK，Mike，you 3._ (cook) since you were a kid，and youve been a professional chef for over twenty years.What is it about cooking that you love so much?Mike：Its the best way for people to communicate，in my opinion.You dont need language，you dont have to have 4._ in common.All you need is to like

33、to eat and drink，5._ most people do.Its easy to make new friends 6._ you share a meal together.Mary：So，what are some of the differences in the food of different countries?Mike：Well，in the West，people eat a lot of bread，7._ in Asia，rice and noodles are more common.Beef is very common in countries 8._

34、 the Unites States，but its not as popular in Northern Europe.To be honest，though，I prefer to think of ways in which food is similar around the world.For example，you can find barbecue almost everywhere，and most countries offer both spicy and mild dishes.Mary：What do you think is 9._ most important fa

35、ctor in cooking?Mike：I think that fresh，local ingredients are the most important part of any type of cooking.10._ (use) the best of what a particular place has to offer，rather than fancy sauces or expensive spices，usually results in the best dishes.1解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前面的介詞for可知應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞形式。答案：joining2解析：考查名詞。its ones pleasure表示“我很樂意”，用于對于表示感謝的回答。答案：pleasure3解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去的某個(gè)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。答案：have been cooking4解析：考查代詞。have something in common表示“有共同特點(diǎn)”，因