1、Unit 5 Educational exchanges1 重點(diǎn)單詞和短語(yǔ)單詞1. accept v. 接受；承認(rèn) （反義詞refuse） 2. educational adj. 教育 （n. education）3. confident adj. 自信的 (n. confidence) 4. host n. 主人（反義詞guest）5. own adj. 自己的 v. 擁有( n. owner) 6. culture n. 文化 (adj. cultural) 7.simple = easy adj. 簡(jiǎn)單的（反義詞difficult）8. exchange n. & v. 交換；交流 9.

2、 deep adj. 深的 (adv. deeply) 10. improve v. 改善，改進(jìn) ( n. improvement)短語(yǔ)1. take a visit / trip to 去某處參觀（旅行） 2. 2. be able to do 能夠做3. give a talk about/ on sth. to sb. 向某人做關(guān)于某事的報(bào)告 4. throughout the world= all over the world 全世界5. live/ stay with 與生活在一起6. go on sightseeing (tours) 去觀光 7. make friends wit

3、h 與交朋友8. as well as 還；也；不及 9. since then 從那時(shí)起；打那以后10. keep/get in touch with 與保持聯(lián)系 11. in case 萬一12.in order that 為了 13. be confident of .對(duì).感到有信心14. look forward to doing盼望做某事 15.apply for 申請(qǐng)16.go on a sightseeing tour 進(jìn)行觀光旅游 17. be deeply moved 被深深地打動(dòng)18. win a scholarship 贏得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金 19. improve the situ

4、ation 改善情況 二、課文及翻譯An exchange visit is educational and interesting! A group of British students from Woodpark School in London are visiting Xinhua Junior High School in Beijing on an educational exchange. “I was very nervous at first,” says Sarah. “However, my host family are really friendly. Im gla

5、d to be a guest in their home. Ive learnt to use chopsticks, and theyre teaching me a little Chinese!” The students spend the weekdays studying with Chinese students. At the weekend, they tour around Beijing and visit places of interest with their host families. “Its been a fantastic experience so f

6、ar,” says Eric. “ Ive learnt a bit of tai chi, and I really enjoy it. Weve already learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. Well also tried to paint some pictures ourselves! I havent had much success yet, but Ill keep trying.” “Ive

7、made many new friends,” says Sarah.”I plan to keep in touch with them when I return home. Well see one another soon because theyll come over to the UK for the second part of the exchange next month. I cant wait!” 教育交流 交換訪問有教育意義，并且很有趣! 一批來自倫敦Woodpark學(xué)校的英國(guó)學(xué)生正在一次教育交流中訪問北京新華初中學(xué)校。 “一開始我很緊張,”莎拉說。“不過,我的寄宿家

8、庭真的很友好。我很高興成為他們家里的一個(gè)客人。我已學(xué)會(huì)了用筷子,并且他們正在教我一些漢語(yǔ)!” 學(xué)生們平日和中國(guó)學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)。周末,他們到北京周邊旅游，和他們的寄宿家庭一起參觀名勝古跡。 “迄今為止都是一個(gè)奇妙的經(jīng)歷”，埃里克說?！拔乙呀?jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了太極拳,我真的很喜歡它。我們已經(jīng)學(xué)到了很多關(guān)于中國(guó)文化和歷史。老師還向我們介紹中國(guó)畫。我們還將嘗試自己畫一些畫!我還沒有取得成功,但我會(huì)繼續(xù)努力。” “我已交了許多新朋友,”莎拉說?！拔掖蛩惝?dāng)我回到家與他們保持聯(lián)系,。我們很快就能見到彼此,因?yàn)樗麄儗⒃谙聜€(gè)月第二部分交流的時(shí)候來英國(guó)。我等不及了!”3、 語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（一）：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)說明在過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)

9、在（并可能延續(xù)到將來）的動(dòng)作，或指過去發(fā)生的、與現(xiàn)在還有某種聯(lián)系的動(dòng)作。1、基本結(jié)構(gòu)： 肯定句: 主語(yǔ) + have / has + done + 其它 She has been to Shanghai. 她去過上海. I have finished doing my homework. 我已經(jīng)完成我的作業(yè)了. 否定句: 主語(yǔ) + have / has + not +done + 其它 She hasnt finished doing his homework. 她還沒有完成她的作業(yè)。 一般疑問句：Have / Has + 主語(yǔ) + done + 其它 Have you seen this f

10、ilm ? Yes, I have. / No, I havent . 你看過這部電影嗎? 是的, 看過. / 不, 沒有. Has she finished doing his homework ? Yes, she has . / No, she hasnt. 她完成她的作業(yè)了嗎? 是的, 完成了. / 不, 沒有. 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞 + have / has + 主語(yǔ) + done + 其它 When has you seen this film ? 你什么時(shí)候看的這部電影? Who has finished doing his homework ? 誰完成了作業(yè)? 練一練：Sus

11、an has been in this city for more than ten years.否定句：_一般疑問句（并作回答） _ _2、用法： 表示過去發(fā)生的或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。eg: - Have you had your lunch yet ？你吃過午飯了嗎? - Yes, I have just had it. 是的, 我剛吃過。（說明現(xiàn)在飽了） I have lost my pen. 我把鋼筆弄丟了。（過去某時(shí)丟的, 現(xiàn)在還沒有找到） I have already watched the TV play。 我已經(jīng)看過這部電視劇了。 - Have you f

12、ound your lost pen yet？ 你找到丟失的鋼筆了嗎？ - No, I havent found it ye。不，我還沒有找到。 The car has arrived.車子來了。（結(jié)果：車子已在門口）Someone has broken the window.有人把窗戶打破了。（結(jié)果：窗戶仍破著） 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過去已經(jīng)開始, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還將持續(xù)下去。 常與for, since表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)或so far，now，today，this week (month，year) 等表示包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的狀語(yǔ)連用。eg. He has studied English for

13、 5 years. He has studied English since 2001. Now I have finished the work. since+過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn) 如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor+一段時(shí)間 表示“長(zhǎng)達(dá)多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。Exercise: since和for填空1) _ two years 2) _ two years ago 3) _ last month4) _ 1999 5) _ yesterday 6) _ 4 oclock7) _

14、4 hours 8) _ an hour ago 9) _ we were children 10) _ lunch time 11) _ she left here用since和for填空1. Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland _ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there _ 7 oclock.5. India has been an indepen

15、dent country _1974.6. The bus is late. Theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty _ many years.8. Mike has been ill _a long time. He has been in hospital _注意： 表示短暫性動(dòng)作的詞，如come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成時(shí)不能與for，since等表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用（應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）。 表示持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)或表過去重復(fù)的動(dòng)作，如

16、live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自從）或for（經(jīng)歷）引導(dǎo)的詞語(yǔ)連用。 即：當(dāng)與一段時(shí)間連用時(shí), 常用for 加一段時(shí)間, 這時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一定要用延續(xù)性的.eg：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。eg：We have lived here since 2000. 自從2000年以來我們一直住在這里。 （說明一直住在這里， 也許還會(huì)住下去。）常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)行動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換：leave-be away borrow- keep buy-havebegin/start-be on die- b

17、e dead finish- be overopen sth-keep sth open fall ill- be ill get up - be upcatch a cold- have a cold come here- be here become-bego there - be there come back-be back put on- wearget to/ arrive/ reach- be in leave- be away fromfall asleep- be asleepeg: He came here three days ago. 他三天前來的這. (一般過去時(shí))

18、He has been here for three days. 他來這已經(jīng)三天了. (現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一段時(shí)間連用, 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞. ) He went to Dalian last week. 他上周去的大連. ( 一般過去時(shí) ) He has been away for a week. 他已經(jīng)離開有一周了. ( 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) ) I borrowed the book last month. 我去年借的這本書. (一般過去時(shí)) I have kept the book for a week. 我保管這本書有一周了.(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)3、時(shí)間標(biāo)志性詞： 常與already（已經(jīng)），yet（

19、還沒），ever（曾經(jīng)）， never（從未），for + 段時(shí)間，since（自從）， just（剛剛）， before（以前），so far（到目前為止），by now（直到現(xiàn)在），recently（最近），these days,等連用。already，just多用于肯定句中，ever，yet，never多用于否定句和疑問句中?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用標(biāo)志性詞一覽表：already 已經(jīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生 I have already done my homework 肯定句yet 已經(jīng)（疑問句）還，尚（否定句）強(qiáng)調(diào)某事還未發(fā)生 I have not heard from her yet. 否定句 H

20、as Millie called yet? 疑問句ever 曾經(jīng) 強(qiáng)調(diào)在過去的任何時(shí)候 Have you ever watched this film? 疑問句never 從未強(qiáng)調(diào)過去從未 I have never read this story. 否定句for 長(zhǎng)達(dá)指一段時(shí)間 I have known Sandy for two years. 肯定句 I have not seen her for two days. 否定句 Have you known him for a long time? 疑問句since 自從以來指持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一個(gè)時(shí)期的開始 I have had a cold si

21、nce last week. 肯定句 I have not eaten anything since 9a.m. 否定句 Have you eaten anything since 9 a.m? 疑問句just 剛才，剛剛強(qiáng)調(diào)某事剛剛發(fā)生 I have just seen him. 肯定句recently 最近強(qiáng)調(diào)不是很久以前 I have been busy recently . 肯定句 We have not seen him. 否定句 Have they been here recently ? 疑問句already, yet, just, ever, never 專練： 1 -Have

22、 you _ been to the west lake? - No, I have _ been there. 2 I have _ read the novel twice. 3 Have you finished your work _? 4 I havent heard from her_. 5 He has _ gone shopping with his parents.5、詞義辨析： 區(qū)別：have been to, have gone to, have been inhave been to 強(qiáng)調(diào)“去過”，現(xiàn)已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA thre

23、e times.他到美國(guó)去過三次。（過去“到美國(guó)”，現(xiàn)在已“不在美國(guó)”）have gone to主要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“去了”，但還沒有回來，也許是在去的途中 eg:-Wheres your mother? -你媽媽在哪？-She has gone to the hospital. -她去醫(yī)院了。has been in 一直在某地（從過去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在）練一練：（A）用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _?B: He _ to Hainan Island.A: How long _ he _ there?B: He _ there f

24、or three days.A: When will he come back, do you know?B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _ never _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place?B: He _ there only once. (B) 用have/has been to/in, have gone to的各種形式填空。Where is Jack? He _

25、 his country.John _ England since he came back.How long _ have _ this village?The Smiths _ Beijing for years.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專練：- Hello! Can I speak to Alice ? - Sorry, she isnt here right now. She _ to the shop. A. goes B. will go C. has gone D. was going2. - When did you become a volunter ? - Two years ago.

26、I _ this group since then. A. have joined in B. have joined to C. have been in D. have been to3. -_ you _ to the National Grand Theater ? -No, not yet. A. Did, go B. Do, go C. Have, gone D. Have, been4.-So far the government _ a lot for the Olympic Games. - So it has. Were all looking forward to thi

27、s event.A. does B. is doing C. has done D. will do 5. Johns car is not here. I think he _ somewhere. A. goes B. went C. has gone D. will go 6. David _ Chinese since 20 years ago, and now he speaks it quite well. A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. will learn7. -Wheres Mr White ? -He _ the wash ro

28、om. A. has been to B. has gone to C. is going to D. goes to 8. -What do you think of the new film ? -Its wonderful. I _ it twice. - A. saw B. have seen C. will see D. see9. -_ you _ him around the museum yet ? -Yes, we had a great time there. A. Do; show B.Did; show C. Have; shown 中考鏈接：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與中考題 單項(xiàng)選擇：1I_ a letter from him since he left（天津市） Adidnt receive Bhavent got Cdidnt have Dhavent heard 2How long have you _ this book？（哈爾濱市） Abought Bborrowed Chad Dlent 3Youve never seen such a wonderful film before，_ ？（河北省） Ahavent you Bhave you Cdo you Ddont you 4We ha