1、 1.直接引語(yǔ)：直接引述別人的話。直接引語(yǔ)：直接引述別人的話。 eg. He said, “I like English.” 直接引語(yǔ)一般放在引號(hào)中，句首的第一直接引語(yǔ)一般放在引號(hào)中，句首的第一 個(gè)字母大寫。個(gè)字母大寫。 2.間接引語(yǔ)：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。間接引語(yǔ)：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話。 eg. He said ( that )he liked English. 間接引語(yǔ)不用引號(hào)，間接引語(yǔ)在多數(shù)情間接引語(yǔ)不用引號(hào)，間接引語(yǔ)在多數(shù)情況下構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。況下構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句。直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的注意事項(xiàng)直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的注意事項(xiàng)1.1.人稱變化：人稱變化：人稱代詞和物主代詞要根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)述人的立場(chǎng)作相

2、應(yīng)的變動(dòng)，但直接引語(yǔ)中第三人稱不變。 He said , “Is this your book?” He asked me if that was my book.She said，“Im coming.” She said that she was coming. “When will he come?” she asked . She asked when he would come . (一主二賓三不變一主二賓三不變)2.時(shí)態(tài)變化時(shí)態(tài)變化直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(has/have+

3、過去分詞）過去分詞）過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)canmaymust一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí) ( had +過去分詞過去分詞)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)couldmighthad toMore Examples She said, “I dont want to listen to the music .” She said She said, “I am reading a book.” She said He said to her, “I will help you with your English this Saturda

4、y. ” He asked her that Saturday. she didnt want to listen to the music .she was reading a book. he would help her with her English 注意：注意：如果所轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容表示客觀真理或有表示某如果所轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容表示客觀真理或有表示某一具體時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，間接引語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)不變。一具體時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，間接引語(yǔ)中的時(shí)態(tài)不變。The teacher said，“Light travels faster than sound in the air.” The teacher said light

5、 travels faster than sound in the air. He said， “I was born in 1982 .”He said that he was born in 1982 . 3.指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)變化指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)變化直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)nowtodaythis week (month,etc.)tomorrowthe day after tomorrownext week (year,etc.)yesterdaythe day before yesterdaylast week (year,etc.)three days (a year,e

6、tc.) agothenthat daythat week (month,etc.)the next / following daytwo days later (in two days time)the next / following week ( year,etc.) the day beforetwo days before the week (year ,etc.) beforethree days (a year ,etc.) before狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞的變化狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞的變化 地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)hereheretherethere動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞comecomegogobringbringtak

7、etake注意：注意：如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，herehere不必改不必改there, there, 動(dòng)詞不必改動(dòng)詞不必改go,go,如果在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，如果在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，yesterday, tomorrowyesterday, tomorrow等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也不必等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也不必改變。改變。直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的基本類型：直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的基本類型：1.直接引語(yǔ)如果是直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句陳述句，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用that 引導(dǎo)，從句中人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、引導(dǎo)，從句中人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞要作相應(yīng)的變化。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞要作相應(yīng)的變化。 She

8、 said， “I went to Beijing yesterday.” 她說：她說：“我昨天去了北京。我昨天去了北京。” She said that she had gone to Beijing the day before. 她說她前一天去了北京。她說她前一天去了北京。2.直接引語(yǔ)是直接引語(yǔ)是“一般疑問句時(shí)一般疑問句時(shí)”變間接引語(yǔ)的方法：變間接引語(yǔ)的方法：1)say to sb -ask sb/tell sb.2)引導(dǎo)詞：引導(dǎo)詞：if / whether 是否是否3)語(yǔ)序：語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序陳述句語(yǔ)序4)其余變化與其余變化與直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句直接引語(yǔ)為陳述句時(shí)相同時(shí)相同Exercises:

9、1.He said , “Is this your book?” He asked me if /whether that was my book.2.She said , “Are you leaving for Shanghai tomorrow?” She asked me3.Tom said, “Did you see Jim last night? Tom asked meif I was leaving for Shanghai the next day.if /whether I had seen Jim the night before.3.特殊疑問句變間接引語(yǔ)特殊疑問句變間接

10、引語(yǔ)1）say to sb -ask sb/tell sb.2) 引導(dǎo)詞：特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)詞：特殊疑問詞3）語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序）語(yǔ)序：陳述句語(yǔ)序4）其余變化同陳述句變間接引語(yǔ)相同）其余變化同陳述句變間接引語(yǔ)相同Exercises:1.She said, “How does your brother get to school?” She asked (me) how my brother got to school.2.Gina said,“Which dress do you want?” Gina asked (me)3.Tom said , “What is your father doin

11、g now?” Tom asked (me )4.He said , “When will you come here again?” He asked (me) which dress I wanted.what my father was doing then .when I would go there again.4.祈使句變間接引語(yǔ)祈使句變間接引語(yǔ)say to sb.-ask / tell / order （命令）（命令）sb. (not ) to do sth.Exercises:1.“Go home now,” the teacher said to us. The teache

12、r asked / told us to go home then.2. “Dont shout in the classroom,” he said to the students. He told the students not to shout in the classroom.ExercisesExercises1.He said ,“ I like the weather here.”1.He said ,“ I like the weather here.” He said that he He said that he likedliked the weather the we

13、ather therethere. .2.She said ,“ Im washing my hair now.”2.She said ,“ Im washing my hair now.” She said that she She said that she was washingwas washing her hair her hair thenthen. .3.Jo said ,“ Will your friends come to your 3.Jo said ,“ Will your friends come to your house tomorrow.”house tomorr

14、ow.” Jo asked if / whether my friends Jo asked if / whether my friends wouldwould go to my go to my house house the next daythe next day. .4.She said ,“I read the book yesterday.”4.She said ,“I read the book yesterday.” She said she She said she had readhad read the book the book the day beforethe d

15、ay before. .5.Lucy said , “I can speak three languages.”5.Lucy said , “I can speak three languages.” Lucy said that she Lucy said that she could could speak three languages. speak three languages.6.He said , “ Do you go to school on foot?”6.He said , “ Do you go to school on foot?” He asked if/ whet

16、her I He asked if/ whether I wentwent to school on foot. to school on foot. 7.He said , “What subject do you like best?”7.He said , “What subject do you like best?” He asked me what subject I He asked me what subject I likedliked best. best.8.“Keep quiet ,” the teacher said to us.8.“Keep quiet ,” th

17、e teacher said to us. The teacher asked us The teacher asked us to keepto keep quiet. quiet.9.Tom said ,“What are you doing next week?9.Tom said ,“What are you doing next week? Tom asked what I Tom asked what I was doingwas doing the next week. the next week.10.“Dont worry about your English,”she10.“Dont worry about your English,”she said said to me .to me . She told me She told me not tonot to worry about my English. worry about my English.11.Mr Li said,“11.Mr Li said,“TheThe earth goes around the sun . earth goes