1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2012年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試及詳解 （英語全國卷2) 第卷第一部分 英語知識運用 (滿分50分)第一節(jié)語音知識 (共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)從A、B、C、D四個選項中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例：have Agave Bsave Chat Dmade答案是C。 theater Atreasure Bwheat Cseason Drealize persuade Ausual Binsist Csugar Dtreasure company Aalone Bcarrot Cmoney Dknock opp

2、osite Aservice Boutside Cpioneer Dpolice society Aofficial Brecent Cchocolate Ddifficult第二節(jié)語法和詞匯知識 (共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwhenever答案是B。 What shall we do tonight th

3、en? _ whatever you want.AHelp yourself BIt's a deal CNo problem DIt's up to you He missed _ gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump.Athe; the B不填; a Cthe; a Da; 不填 That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.Athat Bwhich Cwhat D

4、when Sarah made _ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.Aherself Bthis Cthat Dit Tony lent me the money, _ that I'd do as much for him.Ahoping Bto hope Choped Dhaving hoped I had hardly got to the office _ my wife phone me to go back home at once.Awhen Bthan Cuntil Dafter W

5、e _ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.Aset about Bset up Cset out Dset down Next to biology, I like physics _ .Abetter Bbest Cthe better Dvery well Did you ask Sophia for help? I _ need to I managed perfectly well on my own.Awouldn't Bdon't Cdidn't Dwon&#

6、39;t The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _ anything that happened to be on.Ato watch Bwatching Cwatched Dto have watched 100 is the temperature _ which water will boil.Afor Bat Con Dof I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ find the money.Acan Bmigh

7、t Cwould Dneed The manager _ the workers how to improve the program since 9 a.m.Ahas told Bis telling Chas been telling Dwill have told The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great _ in this city.Aquality Bprogress Cproduction Ddemand Try not to work yourself too hardTake it easy. Tha

8、nks_ASo what? BNo way. CWhat for? DYou, too第三節(jié)完形填空 (每小題15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項 (A、B、C和D) 中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Around twenty years ago I was living in York 21 I had a lot of experience and a Master's degree, I could not find 22 work.I was 23 a school bus to make ends meet and 24 with a f

9、riend of mine, for I had lost my flatI had 25 five interviews (面試) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 26 the job“Why has my life become so 27 ?” I thought painfully.As I pulled the bus over to 28 a little girl, she handed me an earning 29 I should keep it 30 som

10、ebody claimed (認領(lǐng)) itThe earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”.At first I got angryThen it 31 me I had been giving all of my 32 to what was going wrong with my 33 rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a 34 of fifty things I was happy withLater, I decided to 35 more thi

11、ngs to the listThat night there was a phone call for 36 from a lady who was a director at a larger 37 She asked me if I would 38 a one-day lecture on stress (壓力) management to 200 medical workersI said yes.My 39 there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid jobTo this day I know that it wa

12、s because I changed my way of 40 that I completely changed my life.21AAs BThough CIf DWhen22Asuccessful Bextra Csatisfying Dconvenient23Adriving Brepairing Ctaking Ddesigning24Aworking Btravelling Cdiscussing Dliving25Aprepared for Battended Casked for Dheld26Alose Blike Cfind Dget27Ahard Bbusy Cser

13、ious Dshort28Awave at Bdrop off Ccall on Dlook for29Aordering Bpromising Csaying Dshowing30Ain case Bor else Cas if Dnow that31Ahurt Bhit Ccaught Dmoved32Afeelings Battention Cstrength Dinterests33Aopinions Beducation Cexperiences Dlife34Alist Bbook Ccheck Dcopy35Aconnect Bturn Ckeep Dadd36Aher Ba p

14、assenger Cme Dmy friend37Ahospital Bfactory Crestaurant Dhotel38Alisten to Breview Cgive Dtalk about39Aplan Bchoice Cday Dtour40Aoperation Bspeaking Cemployment Dthinking 第二部分 閱讀理解 (滿分45分)第一節(jié)語篇閱讀 (每小題2分)第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。(每小題2分)(A)Cold weather can hard on pets, just l

15、ike it can be hard on peopleSometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they areSome owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoorsThis can put their pets in danger of serious illnessTh

16、ere are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is badIf you have to take them out, stay outside with themWhen you're cold enough to go inside, they probably are tooI you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they

17、 have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelterThey can dig into snow banks or hide somewhereWatch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelt

18、er of good qualityKeep an eye on your pet's waterSometimes owners don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can't get anything to drinkAnimals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.41What

19、do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1?AThey are often forgotten by their owners.BThey are used to living outdoors.CThey build their won shelter.DThey like to stay in warm places.42Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather?ATo know when to bring them inside.

20、BTo keep them from eating bad food.CTo help them find shelters.DTo keep them company.43If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may _.Arun short of clean water Bdig deep holes for funCdirty the snow nearby Dget lost in the wild44What is the purpose of this text?ATo solve a proble

21、m. BTo give practical advice.CTo tell an interesting story. DTo present a research result.(B)You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn itYou do not need to be strongBut you need to be quickAnd you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.First, yo

22、u must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boatThe wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.Let's start with the wind blowing from the behindThis means the wind and the boat are

23、going in the same directionThen you must always keep the sail outside the boatIt should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boatThen it will catch the wind best.If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boatIn this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boatIt should b

24、e at a 45° angle to the boatIt needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn't flap (擺動)It shouldn't look like on a flagpoleIf it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.Sailing into the wind is not possibleIf you try, the sail will flap and t

25、he boat will stopYou may want to go in that directionIt is possible, but you can't go in a straight lineYou must go first in one direction and then in anotherThis is called tackingWhen you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.45What should you consider first while sailing?A

26、Sailors' strength. BWave levels.CWind directions. DSize of sails.46What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?AThe boat. BThe wind. CThe sail. DThe angle.47What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?AMove in a straight line. BAllow the sail to flap.CLower the sail. DTac

27、k the boat.48Where can you probably find the text?AIn a popular magazine. BIn a tourist guidebook.CIn a physics textbook. DIn an official report.(C)Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationshipsFor example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expr

28、ession of pleasureYet it also has other usesA woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young childA smile may show love or politenessIt can also hide true feelingsIt often causes confusion (困惑) across culturesFor example, many people in Russia

29、 smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improperYet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities)Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enoughIn South

30、east Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelingsVietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own cultureThe fact that mem

31、bers of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotionsRather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permittedFor example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their e

32、motions as freely as Americans doWhen with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United StatesPeople from certain cultural backgrounds in the Un

33、ited States seem to be more facially expressive than othersThe key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are differentIf we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.49What does the smile usually mean in the U.

34、S.?ALove. BPoliteness. CJoy. DThankfulness.50The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can _ .Ashow friendliness to strangers Bbe used to hide true feelingsCbe used in the wrong places Dshow personal habits51What should we do before attempting to “read” people?ALearn about

35、their relations with others.BUnderstand their cultural backgrounds.CFind out about their past experience.DFigure out what they will do next.52What would be the best title for the test?ACultural Differences BSmiles and RelationshipCFacial Expressiveness DHabits and Emotions(D)ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia On

36、e of the world's most famous fossils (化石) the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twiceThe Lucy on exhibition at the

37、 Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroomA team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.Stour, which will start in Houston next Septembe

38、r.“Ethiopia's rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and ChicagoOfficials said six other U.Scities may be on the tourBut they said pla

39、ns had not been worked out.Travelling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils.Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once a 312 -foot-tall ape-man (猿人).53The author writes this text mainly to _ .Aintroduce a few U.Sm

40、useumsBdescribe some research workCdiscuss the value of an ape-manDreport a coming event54What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AA painting of the skeleton. BA photograph of LucyCA copy of the skeleton. DA written record of Lucy.55How many cities has Lucy's U.Stour plan already

41、 included?AFour. BFive. CSix. DEleven.56What was the skeleton named after?AAn ape-man. BA song. CA singer. DA camp.(E)Make Up Your Mind to SucceedKind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failureThe generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports wher

42、e scores and performance were played down because “everyone's winter.” And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever beforeAs a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them “the overpraised generation.”Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for

43、40 yearsHer research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to itHere's how they work:A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic you're a born artist, point guard, or numbers personThe fixed mind-set believ

44、es it's sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shameWhen things get difficult, it's quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning

45、make everything possibleBecause the ego (自尊) isn't on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shameWhen faced with a difficulty, it's quick to rethink, change and try againIn fact, it enjoys this experience.We are all born with growth mind-sets(Otherwise, w

46、e wouldn't be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praiseDweck's book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depthBut she says

47、there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.57What does the author think about the present generation?AThey don't do well at school. BThey are often misunderstood.CThey are eager to win in sports

48、. DThey are given too much praise.58A fixed mind-set person is probably one who _ .Adoesn't want to work hardBcares a lot about personal safetyCcannot share his ideas with othersDcan succeed with the help of teachers59What does the growth mind-set believe?AAdmitting failure is shameful.BTalent c

49、omes with one's birth.CScores should be highly valued.DGetting over difficulties is enjoyable.60What should parents do for their children based on Dweck's study?AEncourage them to learn from failures.BPrevent them from making mistakes.CGuide them in doing little things.DHelp them grow with p

50、raise.第二節(jié) 根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從對話后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(每小題1分)Daughter：DadYou love me, don't you?Father：Of course, I do 61 Daughter：Well, I saw this great offer for a free phone here in the newspaper, and Father： 62 Daughter：Well, the phone is free after the50 I pay is returned to me.Fat

51、her：Ah, so that's the catch 63 Daughter：DadAll my friends have one.Father：Ah, I don't know 64 Daughter：But the monthly charge for this service is only29.99, with 1,000 free weekday minutes nationwide, and unlimited weekend minutes.Father：I don't know.Daughter：Please DadWith the new phone

52、 you won't have to worry about me while I'm driving the new car.Father： 65 Daughter：The new car you'll need to buy so I can use the phone.AAh what's on your mind? BNew car? What new car?C Free? Nothing's ever free. DWhat did you do to the new car?EAnd why on earth do you need a p

53、hone? FThey always charge a lot for the service.GBut what is the term of the service agreement?第II卷第三部分寫作 (共三節(jié)，滿分55分)第一節(jié)單詞拼寫 (每小題1分) 根據(jù)下列句子及所給漢語注釋，在答題卡相應題號的橫線上寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式(每空只寫一詞)。66Do you speak any _ (外國) languages?67Rebecca was the _ (驕傲) of her family.68Will you stop _ (打斷) me when I'm talki

54、ng?69David Beckham's _ (國籍) is British.70The _ (現(xiàn)代) history of Italy dates from 1860.71Bob's _ (侄子) is a freshman at Harvard University.72Alice wanted to borrow Jack's computer, but he _ (拒絕).73Her _ (書架) are filled with books and photos.74What are you girls _ (耳語) about?75Don't _ (咳

55、嗽) more than you can help.第二節(jié)短文改錯 (每小題15分)此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。先對標有題號的每一行作出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾（）；如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正：該行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。該行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。該行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。注意： 原行沒有錯的不要改； 答案必須寫在答題卡相應的位置上。Dear Editor,I'm writing to tell you opi

56、nion about water saving. 76._Water is importantWe, as well as animal, cannot live 77._without water and neither agriculture or industry can go 78._without itYet it seemed water is becoming less and less. 79._Many countries in the world find we don't have enough water. 80._To deal with a problem, I think, we should first go all 81._out to plant trees though trees will help save waterNext, no 82._drinking water should be left runningThird, we shoul