1、記住音標(biāo)拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則，再也不用擔(dān)心背單詞對(duì)于很多人來(lái)說(shuō)，背單詞都是個(gè)大問(wèn)題26個(gè)字母的各種排列，再加上還有各種形近詞，要記住那么多簡(jiǎn)直不可能其實(shí)，英語(yǔ)單詞的拼寫(xiě)和讀音是有規(guī)律可循的，記好下面這些音標(biāo)和字母的對(duì)應(yīng)規(guī)則，保證你從此再也不擔(dān)心背單詞了！注意：音素和字母是兩套系統(tǒng)，有著本質(zhì)的區(qū)別，但是兩者也是有聯(lián)系的，在英語(yǔ)中什么字母讀什么音都是有規(guī)律的，這個(gè)規(guī)律就是讀音規(guī)則，比如：classkl:s，字母和音素是對(duì)應(yīng)的，c讀作/k/;l讀作/l/;a讀作/:/;ss讀作/s/.所以從此中角度來(lái)說(shuō)，音標(biāo)有兩個(gè)作用：首先是單詞的讀音，這是音標(biāo)的首要作用，還有就是：記憶單詞的工具和媒介。通過(guò)音標(biāo)記單詞可以起到

2、提示的作用。并且能夠合二為一，即把音標(biāo)和單詞合起來(lái)，成為一體，靠的就是讀音規(guī)則。這也是記憶單詞的根本方法，一定要堅(jiān)決貫徹到底。音標(biāo)和字母的關(guān)系（讀音規(guī)則）簡(jiǎn)言之：在英語(yǔ)中什么字母讀什么音是有規(guī)律的，這個(gè)規(guī)律就是讀音規(guī)則總則：元音字母讀元音，輔音字母讀輔音開(kāi)音節(jié)：a) 輔音+元音+輔音+e name， bike ; b) 輔音+元音 he, go, hi 閉音節(jié)：a) 輔音+元音+輔音 bad, , sit, hot, cup; b)元音+輔音it 重讀音節(jié)、次重讀音節(jié)和非重讀音節(jié) 在一個(gè)單詞的讀音當(dāng)中，往往有的音節(jié)讀得重，有的音節(jié)讀得輕。讀得重的音節(jié)叫重讀音節(jié)（其注音左上角有重讀符號(hào)“”），讀

3、得輕的音節(jié)叫非重讀音節(jié)，介于重讀音節(jié)和非重讀音節(jié)之間的音節(jié)叫次重讀音節(jié)（其注音左下角有次重讀符號(hào)“”）。例如：Chi na tain；Jap a nese¸dæpni: z元音1、元音字母在開(kāi)音節(jié)中發(fā)字母本身的音或長(zhǎng)音：即：a/ei/或/a：/如：cakekeik蛋糕、 afternoon:ftnu:n下午e/i：/ evening'i:vni晚上i/a/ hihai喂o/u/或/u：/ gou去who/hu：/誰(shuí)u/u：/或/ju:/usuallyju:uli通常2、元音字母在閉音節(jié)中發(fā)音：a/æ/ bagbæ書(shū)包 記憶法：小哥倆背對(duì)背（/&#

4、230;/）a級(jí)關(guān)系（a）e/e/ penpen鋼筆 記憶法：字母和音標(biāo)形狀一樣i/I/ big /bIg/大的 記憶法：字母和音標(biāo)形狀一樣o/D/或/ son/sn/兒子 記憶法：太陽(yáng)（字母o）從山（/）上 露出半邊臉（/D/）u/sun/sn/太陽(yáng) 記憶法：有（諧音指字母u）山（/）3、另外需注意：所謂開(kāi)音節(jié)和閉音節(jié)前提必須是重讀音節(jié)或次重讀音節(jié)，另外，開(kāi)音節(jié)或 閉音節(jié)的公式不一定在單詞的末尾，本質(zhì)上應(yīng)該在所在音節(jié)的末尾，比如evening'i:vni晚上，usuallyju:uli通常，雖然都屬于開(kāi)音節(jié)但是不是在單詞的末尾，而是在所在重讀音節(jié)的末尾。4、元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)的讀音

5、為:/、/I/或不發(fā)音比如：vegetable veditbl basketb:skit eveningi:vni5、所以綜上所述：接觸一個(gè)單詞，首先看元音字母，看元音字母時(shí)，第一步分析是否是重讀音節(jié)，第二步確定重讀時(shí)是否是開(kāi)音節(jié)還是閉音節(jié)，非重讀時(shí)，按照非重讀讀音即可。字母組合發(fā)音規(guī)則：1) i:作為長(zhǎng)元音在單詞的詞頭、詞中、詞尾都出現(xiàn)的很普遍，記下它可是非常劃算的一般來(lái)說(shuō)，i:可拼讀為: ee, ea, e, ie, ei, i, ey等，例：ee: see, sleep, tree, sheepea: team, mean, please, dream, weak,

6、defeat, greate: he, she, me, we, eveningie: piece, relieve, belief, fieldei: receive, conceive, receiptey: key2) 短元音i的運(yùn)用就沒(méi)有長(zhǎng)元音i:那么廣泛了，通常出現(xiàn)在特殊的條件組合下可拼讀為: i, y, e, a, u, ai, ie, ay, ey等閉音節(jié)單詞里的字母i: sit, it, is, did, ill, six, fix非重讀的字母a: village, necklace, palace非重讀的字母e: decide, delicious, busines

7、s, refuse非重讀的字母y: sorry, baby, very特殊發(fā)音的字母u: busy, business詞末的ie: cookie非重讀的ai: mountain, captain非重讀的ay: Monday, Tuesday等ey有時(shí)也讀成短元音：monkey, money3) æ就是傳說(shuō)中的梅花音了，美式英語(yǔ)里可能發(fā)音更夸張一點(diǎn)，接近相應(yīng)搭配就是a：bag, and, ant, happy, man, ask, cat4) e的發(fā)音方式與æ類似，但嘴型略小相關(guān)字母有: ea, e, aea: head, swear, swea

8、ter, pleasuree: elephant, yes, leg, bell, unlessa: many any5) 元音:對(duì)應(yīng)的字母有: ir, ur, ear, er, orir: girl, shirt, skirt, third, birdur：turn，murder，Thursday，surfear基本都發(fā)這個(gè)音：learn, earn, earth,重讀的er：term, her, prefer, serveor在w后：work, word, world, worse, worth6) 的相應(yīng)拼寫(xiě)包括: er, or, o, a, e, ur,

9、ure, ou, u詞末的er基本都發(fā)這個(gè)音：teacher, under, father, after, supper詞末的or和非重讀的or就發(fā)這個(gè)音：doctor，actor，forget非重讀的o：together，tomorrow，pollution，collection非重讀的a：about, away, banana(前后兩個(gè)a), China非重讀的e: student, different, even, happenur, ure, ou, u: Saturday, picture, famous, suppose7) :的拼寫(xiě)規(guī)律基本都跟字母a有關(guān): a

10、r, a, al, au, are, earar：car, farm, card, arm, marka: fast, glass, past, banana(中間的a)al的特殊發(fā)音：halfau也屬特殊發(fā)音：laughare: areear: heart8) 的發(fā)音字母包括: u, o, ou, oo閉音節(jié)單詞的u：up, cup, bus, but, ducko在字母m, n, th前：come, mother, brother, none, wonderou: trouble, double, cousinoo的特殊發(fā)音: blood，flood9) :

11、的發(fā)音字母有: al, ar, or, our, ough, oor, ore, au, awal: all, small, wall, talk, tall, walkar: warm, quarter, towardsau: daughter, autumn, pause, caughtor: short, for, store, boringoor: door floorour: four, your, courseough: bought, thought, coughore: before, more, scoreaw: draw, law10) 的發(fā)音字母有:&

12、#160;o, a, auo在閉音節(jié)單詞中：John, lost, fox, office, rocka在w前或wh后：want, what, wash, watchau的特殊發(fā)音：because11) u:的發(fā)音字母有: oo，o，u，ouoo: too, zoo, food, tooth, cool, shooto: who, do, two, whose, lose, moveu在字母l前后: blue, full, fluu的特殊發(fā)音：June, true, polluteou：group, soup, through12) 的拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則與長(zhǎng)元音u:類似:&

13、#160;oo, ou, u, ooo: look, good, wood, foot, classroom, bedroom； ou: should, could, wouldu: put, push, sugar, pull； o: woman, wolf13) 雙元音e的對(duì)應(yīng)拼寫(xiě)有: a, ay, ai, ey, ei, eaa: name, cake, late, April, page, date重讀的ay: play, say, away, day, tableai一般都發(fā)這個(gè)音: rain, paint, eight, mainland, rail, maidey: t

14、hey, grey ea: great, break14) 的發(fā)音字母包括: o, ow, oao在開(kāi)音節(jié)中、字母ld或st前：go, no, ago, piano, cold, old, hold, host, ghostow: know, yellow, below, show, bowl； oa: boat, coat, goat, float15) a的拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則是: i, y, igh, ie, eii在開(kāi)音節(jié)中、在nd前：hi, side, nice, find, kind, mind, blind重讀的y: my, try, fly, by,

15、 why, sky字母組合igh幾乎都發(fā)這個(gè)音：light, night, high, right, knight, bright16) a的發(fā)音字母有: ou，owou: house, about, count, blouse, mouth, mountow: flower, now, cow, how, down17) 發(fā)音字母: oy, oioy: boy, toy, enjoy, loyaloi: toilet, oil, noise, voice, coin18) 的對(duì)應(yīng)字母組合包括: eer, ear, ere, eaee

16、r: beer, deer, pioneerear: near, dear, hear, fearere: hereea: idea, really, realize19) e的發(fā)音字母有: ear, air, ere, eir, areear: pear, bear, tearair: chair, air, stairs, pairere: there, whereeir: their, theirs, heirare: care, dare, hare20) 用的比較少，拼寫(xiě)規(guī)則也相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單，包括ure和uaure: sureua: usually, Febr

17、uary, January二、輔音輔音相對(duì)元音就簡(jiǎn)單多了，基本上音標(biāo)啥樣就對(duì)應(yīng)一模一樣的字母1. p對(duì)應(yīng)字母ppea, pig, map, please, pleasure, peace2. t對(duì)應(yīng)字母ttwo, too, to, tell, pleasant, moment, event3. k對(duì)應(yīng)k、c、ckc: come, cap, cat ； k: bike, cake, kite, Kate ； ck: black, duck, luck4. f對(duì)應(yīng)f和phf: fish, foot, face, life, knife； ph: pamphlet, phone, physical5

18、. 和ð都對(duì)應(yīng)th，凡是遇見(jiàn)這兩個(gè)發(fā)音，先寫(xiě)下th總是沒(méi)錯(cuò)的th: three, mouth, math, with, then, the6. s對(duì)應(yīng)s和cs: snake, sing, speech, swearc在i, e, y前: city, cell, cyber, cycle, nice7. 對(duì)應(yīng)sh，ch和ci sh: ship, sheep, shop, she, shoe； ch的特殊發(fā)音: machine; ci: special, financial, 8. h對(duì)應(yīng)wh和hh: hence, house, horse, hairwh在字母o前：whose, who

19、, whom, wholesale9. ts對(duì)應(yīng)tsskirts, students, shirts, lets10. t對(duì)應(yīng)chChinses, China, peach, kitchen, teacher11. tr對(duì)應(yīng)trtree, train, trousers, trip12. b對(duì)應(yīng)bbee, big, bed, book, believe, boot13. d對(duì)應(yīng)dbed, dad, do, need, dare, devil14. g對(duì)應(yīng)gbag, pig, girl, great, regret, grey15. v對(duì)應(yīng)vvest, very, live, vet16. z對(duì)應(yīng)s和zz: zoo, zero, sizes: rose, as, is, busy17. 對(duì)應(yīng)smeasure, pleasure, usually, treasure, vision, television18. d對(duì)應(yīng)g和jg在字母e前: orange, page, large, wagej: juice, judge, jump, just19. dz對(duì)應(yīng)dswords, hands, heads, friends20. dr對(duì)應(yīng)drdrink, dr