1、精品文檔Unit 5 China and the WorldTopic 1 China attracts millions of tourists from all over the world.一.重要句型：Section A1. Its been two years since Mr. And Mrs. came to China.格林夫婦來中國(guó)已經(jīng)兩年了。Its been +時(shí)間段+ since+從句.”句型，表示“自從有時(shí)間了?！眲澗€部分是定語從句，修飾先行詞country o關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作主語，不能省略，此處還可以用which。2. China is a great co

2、untry that has about 5000 years of history.中國(guó)是 個(gè)擁有約五千年歷史的大國(guó)。that has about 5000 years of history 是定語從句，修飾名詞 country, country 是先行詞，that 是關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語，也可以用whicho3. There are a great number of rivers in China. 中國(guó)有許多河流。A. a number of意為“許多、大量”，后接名詞或代詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù) 數(shù)形式。A number of books are|lent out

3、from the library every day. 圖書館每天有很多書被借走。B. a great number of = a large number of = large numbers of 大量，許多C. the number of意為“的數(shù)量/數(shù)目”，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，但作主語時(shí)，謂語，詞用單 數(shù)。The number of students in our school isabout 2 800.我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生人數(shù)大約是2800 人。4. Among them, the Changjiang River is the longest one and the second longe

4、st is the Huanghe River.其中長(zhǎng)江是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流，黃河位居第二。the second longest意為第二長(zhǎng)，在形容詞的最高級(jí)家上序數(shù)詞second,表示第二Shanghai is the biggest city in China and Beijing is second biggest one.上海是中國(guó)最大的城 市，北京位居第二。5. Theyre the birthplaces of Chinese culture .她們是中國(guó)文化的發(fā)源地。6. I can fetch you Guide to China. Its a book which introdu

5、ces China in detail.我可以拿中 國(guó)指南給你，這本書詳細(xì)介紹了中國(guó)。(1) fetch v.取來，取，指從此處到別處去把人帶來或是把物取來。常用句型：fetch sb.sth.=fetch sth. for sb.給某人取某物；.get與fetch意思差不多，常用于口語。Go and get some water.去弄點(diǎn)水來。I need some meat for the soup. Could you fetch me some? 我需要些肉來煮湯。你能給我拿些 嗎？(2) introduce sb. / sth.介紹某人/某物；introduce sb. / sth.

6、to sb向某人介紹某人/某物；introduce oneself to sb向某人 自 我介紹； introduction (名詞)指示，說明；Read the introductions on the bottle before you take the medicine. 吃藥之前， 先看瓶子上的說明。(3) which introduces為定語從句，先行詞 book。7. Its a mountain with lots of strange pine trees.它是 座長(zhǎng)著很多奇松的山。(1) with+名詞，作后置定語“長(zhǎng)著，有著，帶著”。I like the chair wi

7、th three legs.我喜歡那把三條腿的椅子。(2) strange (形容詞)奇怪的，陌生的； stranger (名詞)陌生人；Do you know whats strange?你知道有什么奇怪的嗎？Do you know this stranger?你知道這個(gè)陌生人？8. It lies in Anhui Province.它位于安徽省境內(nèi)。lie表方位“位于”常與介詞搭配，常是介詞+the+方向。A. lie in表示位于內(nèi)”，兩者是包含關(guān)系。Guangzhou lies in the south of China.廣州在中國(guó)的南方。B. lie on表示在某一方，地點(diǎn)與地點(diǎn)是

8、相鄰關(guān)系。如河北與河南之間相鄰。Shandong lies on the east of Henan.山東在河南的東部。C. lie to表示地點(diǎn)與地點(diǎn)之間相隔。如福建與臺(tái)灣。Shanghai lies to the south of Beijing. 上海在北京的南部。D. lie off后不直接加方向詞，而是為某一地點(diǎn)，常為海岸等。常指水中島嶼等，意“相隔、相離”Many islands lie off Chinas east coast.中國(guó)的東海岸有很多島嶼。Section B1. What grand buildings!多宏偉的建筑??！2. Because yellow was a

9、 symbol of imperial power in ancient China. 因?yàn)樵诠糯闹袊?guó)， 黃 色是帝王權(quán)力的象征。a symbol of 的象征；The white bird is a symbol of freedom.這白色的鳥是自由的象徵。3. What are those animals that are carved on the stones?那些刻在在石頭上的是什么動(dòng)物？Its said that theyre powerful animals which guard the whole nation.據(jù)說它們是守護(hù)整個(gè)國(guó)家的威猛動(dòng)物。兩句均為定語從句。先行詞都

10、是animals,關(guān)系代詞可用that或which,且在從句中均作主練一練：a).I will never forget the day_ we spent in old town with small houses.A.who B.whom C.that D.whatb) I didnt see you last night.Where did you go? I went to see a movie called Coming Home _ was directed by Zhang Yimou.A.who B.whom C.when D.which4. In ancient China

11、, emperors thought that they themselves were the real dragons and the sons of Heaven.在古代的中國(guó)，帝王們認(rèn)為他們自己是真龍?zhí)熳印?. And the dragon has become a symbol of the Chinese nation. 而且龍已經(jīng)成為中華民族的 象征了。6. It also plays an important part in Chinese festivals.它在中國(guó)節(jié)日中也扮演著重要的角 色。play a / an. part = play a / an.role 扮演一個(gè)

12、 角色，起 作用， 有 影響； Television plays an important part in our daily life. 電視在我們的日常生活中起著重要的作Section C1.These early walls that were made of packed earth and wood wore away in the rain and wind.這些早期由成袋的土和木頭建立的城墻在風(fēng)雨中磨損了。(1) that是連詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句從句。先行詞是 wall。(2) wore為 wear的過去式，wear away消逝； 磨損；消耗殆盡； wear out穿破； 磨損；(

13、使)筋疲力盡；耗盡；wear off磨損；磨掉；逐漸減弱；逐漸消失；練一練：Water can rocks after a long time, even though the rock is harder.A.wear offB.wear out C.wear onD.wear away2 .Those Ming Dynasty rulers did not expect that it would later be used to bring tourists intoChina.那些明朝的統(tǒng)治者們不曾設(shè)想到后來萬里長(zhǎng)城為中國(guó)帶來游客。that是連詞，引導(dǎo)賓語從句。expect是動(dòng)詞，意為

14、“期待，期望”，通常其后加名詞作賓常見句型：expect to do sth.期待做某事；expect sb. to do sth期待某人做某事；expect +that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。練一練：a) You look sad.What has happened?- Everyone us to win the match,but we lost.A.expects B.expected C.hopes D.hopedb) .Mary is tired of learning because she is to do better Than she can,both at school and

15、athome.A.thought B.hoped C.helped D.expected c). Its so .Why not write the report tomorrow?But I dont know I can do it if not now.A.whyB.when C.howD.where3 .Whats the tourist attraction and where is it? 這個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)是什么？在哪里？(1) be famous for 因而出名；Hangzhou is famous for West Lake.杭州因西湖而出名。(2) be famous as =

16、 be known as作為而著稱；Luxun is famous as a writer. 魯迅作為作家而著稱。Section D1. The home of tea,which has more than 4000 years of history,is China.which has more than 4000 years of history 是由 which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞tea,which在從句中作主語，而且定語從句與先行詞tea之間用逗號(hào)隔開，這種定語從句在句中起補(bǔ)充說明的作用，去掉之后意思依然清楚，此時(shí)的which不可用that代替，這種定于從句為非限制性定語從句

17、，而前面兩個(gè)話題所學(xué)的定語從句稱為限制性定語從句。2. People throughout China drink tea daily.中國(guó)人每天喝茶。throughout是介詞，意為“遍及，在各處”,相當(dāng)于 all over / around。People throughout the world love peace.全世界人民都熱愛和平。3. Tea from China ,along with silk and porcelain,began to be known by the world over a thousand years ago和絲綢、瓷器一樣，中國(guó)的茶葉在一千年多年前就

18、被世人所知。along with意為“與在一起，與同樣地；除以外(還)，相當(dāng)together with/ with ;together / along with +名詞 放在主語之后作插入語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定就選原則。The boy along with the twins goes |o the library.那個(gè)男孩和雙胞胎一起去圖書館。練一練：My cousin along with her parents visit my house this afternoon.A.are going toB.is going toC.go toD.goes to4.Over

19、the past centuries,Chinese people have developed their unique tea culture,including tea planting,tea-leaf picking ,tea making and tea drinking. 在過去的幾個(gè)世紀(jì)， 中國(guó)人就已經(jīng) 發(fā)展了獨(dú)特的茶文化，包括種茶、摘茶、制茶和喝茶。(1) over+the past/last+時(shí)間 意為在過去的時(shí)間， over相當(dāng)于in,常用于過去時(shí)態(tài)練一練:Chinagreat changesthe past ten years.精品文檔A.experienced,in

20、B.is experiencing,over C.has experienced,over D.experiences,during(2) including介詞，意為“包括，包括”.其后跟名詞詞，構(gòu)成介詞短語。B.inC. at D.including練一練：Ive got three days holiday New Years Day. A.on二.重點(diǎn)語法定語從句(n)* 1.who指人，在從句中做主語或賓語。作主語時(shí)不能省略，作賓語時(shí)可省略。The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I help

21、ed an old man who lost his way.* 2. whom指人，為who的賓格形式，在句中只能作賓語。其前面沒有介詞時(shí)，也可用who/that 代替，也可省略。 Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意：關(guān)系代詞 whom在口語和非正式語體中常用 who代替，可省略。(2) The man (who/whom )you met just now is my friend.* 3. which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by m

22、ost boys. ( which在句子中做主語 )(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做賓語)* 4. that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于 who或者 whom;指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于 which ,在定語從句中做主語或 者賓語，做賓語時(shí)可省略。(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主語) Where is the man (that/whom ) I saw this morning?(在句子中做賓語)* 5. whose通常指人，

23、也可指物，在定語從句中做定語，不可省略。(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yello

24、w?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?* 具體使用時(shí)還要注意下列問題：1、只能使用that,不用which的情況：* 1)當(dāng)先行詞是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing 或被它們修飾時(shí)。Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以為你做的嗎？* 2)當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the booksho

25、p .那是這家書店出售的最有趣的書之一。* 3)當(dāng)先行詞有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修飾時(shí)。例如：My necklace is not the only thing thats missing .我的項(xiàng)鏈不僅是丟掉的東西。* 4）當(dāng)主句以 who或 which開頭時(shí)，定語從句中引導(dǎo)詞用that ,不用 which或who ,以避免重復(fù)。例如：Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ?正穿一件紅色外套的女孩子是誰？* 5）當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，用 that 。例如：The writer

26、and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known .你剛才談起的那位作家以及他的小說確實(shí)很著名。2、只用 which不用that的情況：* 1）關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)；This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.* 2）非限定性定語從句中；作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。That necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday.* 3）先行詞本身是that時(shí)；The clock is that which t

27、ells the time非限定性定語從句的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說明，通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用 逗號(hào)隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。（非限）There is somebody here who wants to speak to you 這里有人要和你說話 （限制性）* 4） which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主句，代替主句所表示的整 體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語

28、或表語，多數(shù)情況下意思是與and this相似，并可以指人。He did very well in the competition, which made his parents very happy.在比賽中他做的很好，這使他的父母很開心。* 關(guān)系代詞whom , which在定語從句中作介詞賓語時(shí)， 可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定 語從句之間，有時(shí)為了關(guān)系緊湊也可以將whom與which與先行詞緊挨著書寫，而將介詞置于定語從句的后面，That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.= That was the room which

29、we had lived in for ten years.這個(gè)房間我們住了十年。* 像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短語動(dòng)詞， 在定語從句中一般不宜將介詞與動(dòng)詞分 開。例如： This is the boy whom she has taken care of.三.重點(diǎn)詞組：1. Its two years since+過去時(shí)的句子2. live with sb.3. about 5000 years of history4. many places of interest5. millions of tourists6. know much/litt

30、le about7. hasyears of history8. a number of9. the number of10. the second longest river11. the birthplace of12. fetch sb. sth.=fetch sth. for sb.13. in detail自從已經(jīng)有兩年了；和居??；大約5000年的歷史；許多名勝古跡；數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的游客；對(duì) （不）太了解；有年的歷史；許多的/大量的（飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，做主語時(shí)謂復(fù)） 的數(shù)量（飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，做主語時(shí)謂單） 第二長(zhǎng)的河；的出生地/發(fā)源地；給某人取某物；詳盡地；位于（之內(nèi)）；位于（相鄰）；位于（之外）

31、；穿過；的高度；的長(zhǎng)度；全世界；值得做某事；大部分建筑的屋頂；帝王權(quán)力的象征；刻在石頭上；守護(hù)整個(gè)國(guó)家；真龍?zhí)熳?；成為中華民族的象征；扮演一個(gè)角色，起作用，帶某人參觀；強(qiáng)悍的動(dòng)物；故宮；人們的評(píng)語；世界最偉大的奇觀；從延伸到；中華文明的瑰寶；大約8800米長(zhǎng)；戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期；把所有這些小城墻連在一起；將連在一起；（使）磨滅，（使）磨損，（使）磨掉;把分開；把看作；第一個(gè)皇帝；明代；消逝；磨損； 消耗殆盡；穿破； 磨損；（使）筋疲力盡； 耗盡;磨損；磨掉；逐漸減弱； 逐漸消失；以 而著名；把分成；旅游景點(diǎn)；對(duì) 感到興趣；作為而著稱；茶的故鄉(xiāng)；三種主要飲品；與在一起，與同樣地；除以外（還）種茶；14.

32、lie in15. lie on16. lie to17. go through18. a height of.19. a length of20. all over the world = around the world21. be worth doing sth.22. the roofs of most building23. a symbol of imperial power24. carve on the stones25. guard the whole nation26. the real dragons and the sons of Heaven27. become a

33、symbol of the Chinese nation28. play a / an.part = play a / an.role影響；29. show sb, around30. powerful animals31. the Palace Museum32. peoples comments33. the greatest wonders of the world34. stretch fromTo.35. a treasure of Chinese civilization36. about 8800 kilometers long37. the Warring States Per

34、iod38. join all the these smaller walls together39. jointogether40. wear away41. separatefrom42. regard as43. the first emperor44. the Ming dynasty45. wear away46. wear out47. wear off48. be famous for49. o50. tourist attraction51. be interested in52. be famous as = be known as53. the home

35、 of tea54. the three major drinks55. along with.56. tea planting0.61.62.tea-leaf pickingtea making tea drinking sound similar to the pronunciation of an important Chinese export the mild climate63.64.65.rich soilChinese characterdevelop their unique tea culture摘茶；制茶；喝茶；聽起來與的發(fā)音相似;中國(guó)的重要出口產(chǎn)品；

36、溫和的氣候；肥沃的土地；漢字；發(fā)展獨(dú)特的茶文化；四.練習(xí)：A.選擇題：1. Zunyi is a great city has many places of interest.A.who B.that C.what D. /2. Today is Sunday. There are people in the park.A.much B.the number of C.a great number of D.a lot3. Look,there is a guide over there. He is introducing the visitors the Palace Museum det

37、ail.A.of B.on C.with D.in4. Taiwan lies the southeast of China. Its a place that is worth.A.in, visiting B.in, to visiting C.to, visit D.to, visiting5. I asked Kate to me my book, but she brought me her book.A.take B.fetch C.carry D.catch6. Could you please describe your hometown?A.in detail B.atten

38、tively C.difficultly D.hardly7. This is the dictionary Mum gave me for my birthday.A.whichB.what C.whose D.whom8. We will go to the park if it tomorrow.A. isnt rain B. doesnt rainC. wont rainD. dont rain9. Its worth your time when you visit the Great Wall.A. takeB. to take C. taking D. taken10. Is t

39、his university your elder brother will choose this year?A.the one B.thatC.where D.who11. In most areas of north China, the temperature always keeps zero in winter.A.underB.over C.onD.below12. My new car on my way home yesterday.A.breaked down B.breaks down C.broke downD.was broken down13. The book I

40、 bought yesterday is lost.A.thatB.whose C.who D.whom14. Peoples way of life in the north is quite different from in the south.A.thatB.these C.isD.this15. -You re too tired and thirsty. Stay here. I ll you some water. Thank you.A.takeB.fetchC.wantD.carry16. Which do you prefer, soda or coffee? I like

41、 of them. Tea is my favorite.A.both B.either C.neitherD.none17. Not only the students but also the teacher in the classroom, that is to say, the students as well as the teacher in the classroom.A.are; are B.is; is C.is; areD.are; is18. 一 What are you going to do this weekend? - I together with my cl

42、assmates going toclimb Mount Tai.A.is B.amC.are D.were19. The Japanese character for tea is written the same as it is in Chinese,though it s pronounced differently.A,mainly B.exactly C.mostlyD.probably20. Tom,his classmates, went to the zoo yesterday.A.with along B.along with C.noD.came alongB.用所給詞的

43、適當(dāng)形式填空。1. The old house(surround) by trees and mountains.2. The film is well worth(see).3. Can you introduce(you)?4. There is a dog(lie) on the ground.5. The new students are not used to(be) away from home.6. The Yellow River is(two) longest river in China.7. Now, more and more(tour) are coming to Beijing to visit the Great Wall.8. Playing computer games is so exciting that children often lose(they) in it.9. We have to stay at home, becaust it s raining(heavy) outside.10. The bir