1、高中英語必修五Unit4Grammar課件語法精解語法精解 倒裝倒裝 Inversions 英語句子的自然順序是主語在前英語句子的自然順序是主語在前,謂語謂語在后。把謂語動詞放在主語之前在后。把謂語動詞放在主語之前,就叫就叫倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果全部謂語放在主語之倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果全部謂語放在主語之前前, 叫叫全部倒裝全部倒裝; 如果只把助動詞或如果只把助動詞或be 動詞放在主語之前就叫動詞放在主語之前就叫部分倒裝部分倒裝。 基本語序基本語序natural ordersubject 主主+ predicate 謂謂+object 賓賓 I love my motherpredicate + subject

2、助動詞助動詞auxiliary/情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞modal verb + subject + v +完全倒裝完全倒裝full inversion部分倒裝部分倒裝partial inversionHere came the headmaster.Nerve will I forgive you.全部倒裝全部倒裝 用于用于 there be 句型。句型。 There are many students in the classroom.原句自然順序是：原句自然順序是：Many students are there in the classroom.2. 用于用于“here (there, now,

3、 then) + 不及物不及物動詞動詞 （be, come, go, remain, lie, run等）等）+ 主語的句型中主語的句型中, 或以或以out, in, up, down, away 等副詞開頭的句子里面等副詞開頭的句子里面,表示強(qiáng)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。調(diào)。l Here comes the bus. l There goes the bell.l Now comes our turn. l Out went the children. 注意：注意：代詞代詞作主語時作主語時, 主謂語序不變。主謂語序不變。Here it is. In he comes.3. 當(dāng)句首狀語是表示當(dāng)句首狀語是表示地點(diǎn)

4、的介詞詞組地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組時時,也常引起全部倒裝。也常引起全部倒裝。South of the city lies a big steel factory.From the valley came a frightening sound.Under the tree stands a little boy.劃線的均是表示地點(diǎn)狀劃線的均是表示地點(diǎn)狀語的介詞詞組語的介詞詞組,并且是并且是位于句首。位于句首。4. 表語表語置于句首時置于句首時, 倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)采用“表語表語連系動詞主語連系動詞主語”的結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu) 形容詞連系動詞主語形容詞連系動詞主語 Present at the meeting w

5、ere Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.2) 過去分詞連系動詞主語過去分詞連系動詞主語 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked.3) 介詞連系動詞主語介詞連系動詞主語 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.5. 為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語或狀語語或狀語,或?yàn)榱耸股舷挛慕Y(jié)構(gòu)緊湊?；?yàn)榱耸股舷挛慕Y(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 They arrive

6、d at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡1. 用于疑問句用于疑問句 Do you speak English?2. 用于省略用于省略if 的虛擬條件句的虛擬條件句 Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the exami

7、nation.由由 If you had reviewed your lessons 這樣一個虛擬條件分句變過來的。這樣一個虛擬條件分句變過來的。部分倒裝部分倒裝3. 用于用于“形容詞形容詞(或名詞、動詞或名詞、動詞) as (though)” 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。 Pretty as she is, she is not clever. Try as he would, he might fail again. Money as they had, they dont know how to spend it.4. 用于用于no sooner than, hardly wh

8、en 和和 not until的句型中。的句型中。 No sooner had she gone out than the class began. Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.5. 用于用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, little, at no time, not only, barely, rarely, little, not a bit 等否定詞開頭的等否定詞開頭的句子里。句子里。 Never shall I do this again. At no time can

9、 you say “no” to the order. Little do I dream I would see you here.6. 用于用于only開頭的句子開頭的句子(only位于句首位于句首,修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句) Only in this way can you learn English well. Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.7. 用于用于 so, nor, neither 開頭的句子開頭的句子,表示表示“.也也/也不也不”的內(nèi)容。此句謂語應(yīng)與的內(nèi)容。此

10、句謂語應(yīng)與前句謂語的時態(tài)形式一致。前句謂語的時態(tài)形式一致。 He has been to Beijing. So have I. Jack can not answer the question. Neither can I. He has been to Beijing. So have I. So he has我也去過。我也去過。是的，他確實(shí)去過。是的，他確實(shí)去過。8. 在在 so / such that 的結(jié)構(gòu)中的結(jié)構(gòu)中,若若so /such置置于句首于句首,則句子部分倒裝則句子部分倒裝 So difficult a problem is it that I cant work it o

11、ut. Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.如果直接引語后注明引語是什么人所如果直接引語后注明引語是什么人所說的說的, 主語是名詞時主語是名詞時, 用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。主用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。主語是代詞時語是代詞時, 一般不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。一般不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 “ Let go,” said the man / he said. 用于用于 某些祝愿某些祝愿的句子。的句子。 May you succeed. Not until the early years of 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did kn

12、ow B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man knowNot until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realizedpracticeDB3. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother ? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care n

13、either D. I dont care also4. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realizeBA5. Only in this way _ do it well. A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can6. Ha

14、rdly _ when it began to rain. A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive7. Not until the bell rang _ in. A. do they come B. came they C. did they come D. they came8. Only when class began _ that he had left his book at home. A. will he realize B. he did realize C. did he real

15、ize D. should he realizeCACC9. Hardly _ when the bus suddenly pulled away. A. they had got to the bus stop B. they got to the bus stop C. did they get to the bus stop D.had they got to the bus stop10. Not only _ a writer but he was an artist for a time. A. he is B. he was C. is he D. was he11. Not a

16、 single mistake _ in the dictation yesterday. A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had madeDDA12. No sooner _ his talk than he _ the workers. A. he finished; surrounded all B. did he finish; did surround C. had he finished; was surrounded by D. after he finished; was surrounded near13. Little _ know about verbs, Franz _ his head. A. did he; dared not lift B. he; dare not lift C. did he; dare not to lift D. doesnt; doesnt dare liftCA14. Not only _ a promise,