1、精選文檔虛擬語氣中的含蓄條件句常見用法 先看一道高考題： _ more attention，the trees could have grown better AGiven BTo give CGiving DHaving given （答案是A） 句中"the trees could have grown better"是一個(gè)表達(dá)虛擬語氣的句子。題中要求選擇的是如何表達(dá)假設(shè)條件的形式。假如我們把這個(gè)句子用另一種形式"If they had been given more attention ，the trees could have grown better&q

2、uot;來表示，就不難理解了。很多狀況下，在表示假設(shè)的虛擬語氣中，有時(shí)假設(shè)的條件并不以條件從句的形式表達(dá)，而是通過上下文或句中內(nèi)在的規(guī)律關(guān)系，或用其它形式表達(dá)出來，我們稱之為"含蓄條件句"。 含蓄條件句主要通過名詞、連接詞、不定式、分詞、動(dòng)名詞短語、介詞短語及分句來示意。這些表達(dá)形式在句中實(shí)際起著虛擬條件從句的作用?，F(xiàn)分述如下： 一、介詞短語 常用來表示虛擬條件的介詞有with，without，in，under，but for等等，它們表示的虛擬條件都可以被if從句替換。 （1）without，with without表示否定的條件，意為ifnot；with與without

3、意義相反，表示確定的條件。如： Without air，there would be no living things（without air if there were no air）沒有空氣，便沒有生物。 With her help（If I had her help），I would do the experiment well假如有她掛念，我就可以把這個(gè)試驗(yàn)做好。 （2）under Under the leadership of a less experienced person，the experiment would have failed（underIf there had be

4、en the leadership of a less experienced person）假設(shè)在一個(gè)缺少閱歷的人領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，試驗(yàn)準(zhǔn)會(huì)失敗。 （3）in I would have lost my head in that position（in that position if I had been in that position）我處在那種狀況下，是會(huì)丟失理智的。 （4）but for But for their help（If it were not for their help），we could not get over the difficulties要不是他們的掛念，我們是

5、克服不了這些困難的。 二、連接詞or ，otherwise，but，but that等等 I'm really busy，otherwise（if I weren't so busy），I would certainly go with you我的確太忙了。不然的話，我肯定和你一塊去。 But that I saw it（If I had not seen it），I could not have believed it要不是親眼觀察的話，我是不會(huì)信任的。 三、分詞短語 United（If they had been united），they wouldn't have

6、 been defeated他們要是團(tuán)結(jié)起來，就不會(huì)被戰(zhàn)勝。 Seen from a high mountain（If it were seen from a high mountain），the field in which wheat is growing would look like a great green sea如果從高山上看，麥田就像一片碧綠的大海。 四、動(dòng)詞不定式短語 It would be only partly right to answer in this way（if we answered in this way）假如這樣回答，只對(duì)一部分。 To hear him

7、speak English（If one were to hear him speak English），one would think him an Englishman要是聽他講起英語來，人們會(huì)認(rèn)為他是一個(gè)英國人。 五、形容詞或其比較級(jí)的形式 A less difficult problem would have already been solved（If the problem had been less difficult，it would have already been solved）要是問題不那么難的話，它早就被解決了。 An honest man would not do

8、such a thing（If he were an honest man，he would not do such a thing）誠懇的人是不會(huì)做這種事的。 六、名詞 An honest man would not say this（If the man were honest，he wouldn't say this）一個(gè)誠懇的人，就不會(huì)說這種話。 Who but a fool（If one were a fool，one）would believe his words除了傻瓜，誰會(huì)信任他的話！ 七、"名詞and"的結(jié)構(gòu) One step further and you would be dead（If you took one step further，you would be dead）再往前走一步，你就會(huì)死。 八、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或由with引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) All things considered（If all things were considered），the price would be reasonable假如全面考慮起來，價(jià)格可能是合理的。 九、定語從句 A nat