1、Unit 13Section A 3a-4c學習目標 Key words & phrases: method，cruel，harmful，industry，law，afford，take part in，turn off，pay for Key sentences: 1. Were trying to save the earth. 2. The river used to be so clean. 3. The air is badly polluted. 新課導入新課導入There are some animals are endangered. We should do some

2、thing to protect the animals and the environment! The zoos provide homes for many endangered animals. 1. Have you ever seen a shark（鯊魚）（鯊魚）?2. What do you know about sharks?課文展現(xiàn)課文展現(xiàn)Where shark fin soup is popularNumber of sharks caughtand traded every yearHow government can helpTwo environmental gro

3、ups against “finning”southern China70 milliondevelop laws to stop the sale of shark finsWildAid and the WWF3aRead the passage about sharks and complete the fact sheet below.3bRead the passage again and fill in the blanks with the words in the box.so although if but when Many people do not realize th

4、ey are killing a whole shark _ they enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup.2. Sharks are at the top of the food chain, _ if their numbers drop, the oceans ecosystem will be in danger.whenso3. Many think that sharks are too strong to be endangered, _ they are wrong.4. _ there are no scientific studies to sup

5、port this, a lot of people believe that shark fins are good for health.5. Sharks may disappear one day _ we do not do something to stop the sale of shark fins.butAlthoughifadj. 科學上的，科學的科學上的，科學的Retell the passage according to the words below.shark fin soup in southern China each time cut off no longe

6、r not onlybut also at the top drop be endangered the strongest around 70 million fallen by over 90 percent WildAid and the WWF develop laws scientific studies 1. A shark can no longer swim and slowly dies. 鯊魚不能再游泳然后慢慢死掉。鯊魚不能再游泳然后慢慢死掉。no longer意思是意思是“不再不再” e.g. Im no longer a student. 我不再是個學生了。我不再是個學

7、生了。 有兩個短語和有兩個短語和no longer同義，即同義，即notany longer和和notany more，但他，但他們側重的方面不同。們側重的方面不同。no longer和和notany longer側重時間。側重時間。 e.g. He no longer lives here. = He doesnt live here any longer. 他不在這兒居住了。他不在這兒居住了。(一個時間以前他住一個時間以前他住 在這兒，過了這個時間，他就離開了。在這兒，過了這個時間，他就離開了。) notany more側重程度和數(shù)量側重程度和數(shù)量e.g. You can drink no

8、 more. = You cant drink any more. 你不能再喝了。你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程喝酒的量到了一定程 度，不能再繼續(xù)下去了。度，不能再繼續(xù)下去了。) 2. This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. 這種方法不但殘忍而且對環(huán)境有害。這種方法不但殘忍而且對環(huán)境有害。not onlybut also用于連接兩個表示并列關系的成分，著用于連接兩個表示并列關系的成分，著重強調后者，其意為重強調后者，其意為“不僅不僅而而且且”; 其中的其中的also有時可以省略。有時可以省略。e

9、.g. She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不但很會演奏，而且還會作曲。她不但很會演奏，而且還會作曲。 Not only men but also women were chosen. 不僅僅是男的，女的也有被選中的。不僅僅是男的，女的也有被選中的。 若連接兩個成分作主語，其謂語通常與靠近的若連接兩個成分作主語，其謂語通常與靠近的主語保持一致。主語保持一致。e.g. Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只是你，他也得離開。不只是你，他也得離開。 not only放在句首，后接句子時要用倒裝

10、結構。放在句首，后接句子時要用倒裝結構。 e.g. Not only had the poor man been fined, but also he had been sent to prison. 這個可憐的人不僅被罰款，而且還被這個可憐的人不僅被罰款，而且還被 送進了監(jiān)獄。送進了監(jiān)獄。 be harmful to 對對有害有害e.g. Smoking is harmful to the health. 吸煙有害健康。吸煙有害健康。 Playing computer games much is harmful to students. 電腦游戲玩太多對學生有害。電腦游戲玩太多對學生有害。3

11、. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the oceans ecosystem. 鯊魚位于海洋生物系統(tǒng)食物鏈的頂部。鯊魚位于海洋生物系統(tǒng)食物鏈的頂部。at the top of 在在最高地位最高地位; 用最高用最高最最大大的的(速度速度, 聲音等聲音等) e.g. I looked at the top of his head, his hair shiny and parted smoothly. 我看他的頭頂我看他的頭頂, 頭發(fā)閃亮且平滑的分頭發(fā)閃亮且平滑的分 開。開。He shouted at the top of his voice

12、in order that he might be heard.他盡力大聲叫喊他盡力大聲叫喊, 以便別人能聽見。以便別人能聽見。4. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. 如果它們的數(shù)目降至過低，會給所有如果它們的數(shù)目降至過低，會給所有 海洋生物帶來危險。海洋生物帶來危險。 此句復數(shù)形式的此句復數(shù)形式的numbers表達全海洋中鯊表達全海洋中鯊 魚的總量。當表示數(shù)值的高或低時，魚的總量。當表示數(shù)值的高或低時，number要用要用high或或low修飾。修飾。e.g. In that coun

13、try, the number of children going to school is higher in cities than in towns and village. 在那個國家，城市兒童入學人數(shù)比鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)在那個國家，城市兒童入學人數(shù)比鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn) 及及農村要高。農村要高。常與常與number搭配的動詞有搭配的動詞有grow, fall等。等。e.g. The number of families that own cars has been growing quickly recently. 近來擁有轎車的家庭數(shù)量增長很快。近來擁有轎車的家庭數(shù)量增長很快。5. Environment pr

14、otection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. 世界各地的環(huán)境保護組織，如野生救援協(xié)世界各地的環(huán)境保護組織，如野生救援協(xié) 會和世界自然基金會，都在教育公眾有關會和世界自然基金會，都在教育公眾有關 “獵翅獵翅”的行為。的行為。1) 句中句中fin本為名詞，指本為名詞，指 “魚鰭魚鰭”。此句中的。此句中的 finning由動詞化的由動詞化的fin（割鯊魚鰭以獲?。ǜ铛忯~鰭以獲取 魚翅）的魚翅）的-ing形式轉化而成，指課文中所形式轉化而成，

15、指課文中所 陳述的陳述的 “獵翅獵翅”這一行為。這一行為。 2) WildAid和和WWF組織組織 WildAid（美國野生救援協(xié)會）（美國野生救援協(xié)會）是保護野生動物及棲息地環(huán)境是保護野生動物及棲息地環(huán)境的一個非盈利性的機構，的一個非盈利性的機構，1999年注冊成立，其宗旨是保護及年注冊成立，其宗旨是保護及救助世界范圍內的野生動物；救助世界范圍內的野生動物；WWF（世界自然基金會）英（世界自然基金會）英文全稱為文全稱為World Wide Fund for Nature，成立于，成立于1961年，是享年，是享有國際盛譽，全球最大的獨立有國際盛譽，全球最大的獨立性非政府環(huán)境保護組織之一。性非政

16、府環(huán)境保護組織之一。Pay attention to the sentences.1. Were trying to save the earth.2. The river used to be so clean.3. The air is badly polluted.4. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.5. We should help save the sharks.Present progressiveused toPassive voicePresent perfectModa

17、l verbs現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時: : Present Progressive結構結構: be (am/is/are) + v.-ing標志詞：標志詞：Look, Listen, now, right nowe.g. Look! The boy is crying.定義：定義：表示說話時表示說話時(瞬間瞬間)正在進行正在進行的動作的動作, 也表示目前或現(xiàn)階也表示目前或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。段正在進行的動作。 What a fine day today! Look! What are they doing?used to do sth. 表示過去常常做某事表示過去常常做某事, 而現(xiàn)而現(xiàn) 在往往

18、不做了在往往不做了, 后接動詞原后接動詞原 形。形。be used to doing sth. 表示習慣于做某事表示習慣于做某事e.g. I used to get up at six oclock. Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning.used to do與與be used to doingTranslation.1. 她過去常常周末和朋友閑逛。她過去常常周末和朋友閑逛。 She used to hang out with friends on weekends.2. 他習慣于每天晚上睡得很晚。他習慣于每天晚上睡得很晚。

19、 He is used to staying up.被動語態(tài)：被動語態(tài)：Passive voice定義：定義：表示主語是動作的承受者，即行表示主語是動作的承受者，即行 為動作的對象的一種語態(tài)。為動作的對象的一種語態(tài)。結構：結構：be + 過去分詞過去分詞e.g. A new school was built last year. Our classroom is cleaned every day.Translate the sentences by using Passive voice.1. 剛才一些老年人參觀了博物館。剛才一些老年人參觀了博物館。2. 工人們使用不同種類的機器工作。工人們

20、使用不同種類的機器工作。The museum was visited by some old people just now. Different kinds of machines are used to work by the workers. 結構結構: has/have + 過去分詞過去分詞標志詞：標志詞：already, yet, ever, never, since, fore.g. I havent finished my homework yet.定義：定義：表示動作已經完成表示動作已經完成, 但對現(xiàn)在造成影但對現(xiàn)在造成影 響響; 或者表示從過去某一時間開始一或者表示從過去某一

21、時間開始一 直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還可能持續(xù)下去的直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還可能持續(xù)下去的 動作。動作。 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時: Present PerfectComplete the following sentences. I _ (be) in Beijing for two years.2. I _ never _ (hear) of that man before.3. Tom _ (work) there since two years ago.have beenhaveheard has worked4. The twins _ (wash) the clothes for an hour.5.

22、He _ (play) basketball since three years ago.6. How long _ Sally _ (sing) yet?have washedhas playedhassung1. 情態(tài)動詞本身有一定的詞義情態(tài)動詞本身有一定的詞義, 表示說話表示說話人的情緒、態(tài)度或語氣人的情緒、態(tài)度或語氣, 但不能單獨作但不能單獨作謂語謂語, 只能與其他動詞構成謂語。只能與其他動詞構成謂語。 常見的有常見的有: can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等。等。情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞2. 情

23、態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化, 后接動詞后接動詞原形。否定式是在情態(tài)動詞后面加原形。否定式是在情態(tài)動詞后面加not。個別情態(tài)動詞有過去式形式。個別情態(tài)動詞有過去式形式, 可用來可用來表達更加客氣、委婉的語氣。表達更加客氣、委婉的語氣。 e.g. Ken can climb up the tress like a koala. Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old. You mustnt play with fire. It is dangerous.Translation.1. 我們不能在教室里吃東西。我

24、們不能在教室里吃東西。2. 首先你必須完成作業(yè)。首先你必須完成作業(yè)。3. 他現(xiàn)在不可能在家。他現(xiàn)在不可能在家。4. 她一定知道這個問題的答案。她一定知道這個問題的答案。We cant eat in the classroom. You must finish your homework first. He cant be at home now. She must know the answer to this question.4aFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Joe: _ you eve

25、r _ (take) part in an environmental project ?Eric: Yes, I have. I _ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was _ (consider) the biggest clean-up project this city _ ever _ (have).Have takenhelpedconsideredhadhad參加參加Joe: How many people _ (take) part?Eric: I _ (think) more than 1,000 people _ (come

26、) to help out.Joe: Thats fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is _ (try) to improve the environment.Eric: Yes, we cant afford to _ (wait) any longer to take action!tookthinkcametryingwaitv. 承擔得起承擔得起( (后果后果) ); 買得起買得起4bFill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box.People _ thin

27、k that big things_ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you _ savemay/mightmustcancan would couldhave to should mustmay/ mightelectricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You _ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. I think its a great idea that you n