1、英語(yǔ)國(guó)際音標(biāo)表48個(gè)元音20個(gè)長(zhǎng)元音/a/?:/?:/i:/U:/短元音/?/?/?/?/?/e/?/e?/a?/?/雙廿/?/e?/?/?/a?/輕輔音/p/?t/?k/f/9/s/濁軸音/b/d/g/v/e/z/輕輔音/?/?h/ts/t?/tr/濁軸音/?/?r/dz/d?/dr/鼻音/m/n/?/?j/w/邊音/?/英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音名詞解釋1 .音節(jié)：以元音為主體構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位,一般說(shuō)來(lái)元音發(fā)音響亮,可以構(gòu)成音節(jié),輔音發(fā)音不響亮,不能單獨(dú)構(gòu)成音節(jié)；mnl例外.從單詞拼寫(xiě)形式上看,有幾個(gè)元字組就有幾個(gè)音節(jié).2 .音節(jié)的劃分在兩個(gè)音節(jié)的相鄰處有兩個(gè)輔字組時(shí),一個(gè)輔字組屬于前面的音節(jié),一個(gè)屬于后面的

2、音節(jié).例如：let-termem-berchil-drendaugh-ter在兩個(gè)音節(jié)的相鄰處只有一個(gè)輔字組時(shí),如果前面音節(jié)里的元音是長(zhǎng)元音那么輔字組屬于后面一個(gè)音節(jié),如果前面一個(gè)音節(jié)里的元音是短元音,那么輔字組屬于前面一個(gè)音節(jié).例如：長(zhǎng)元音pa-perstu-dentfa-therze-romo-torfar-ther短元音sev-enstud-ymoth-erver-ymod-leweath-er3 .重讀音節(jié)：?jiǎn)卧~中讀音特別響亮的音節(jié).用音標(biāo)標(biāo)記雙音節(jié)、多音節(jié)詞的讀音時(shí),應(yīng)使用重讀符號(hào).單音節(jié)詞多數(shù)是重讀音節(jié),標(biāo)記讀音時(shí)不需要使用重讀符號(hào).4 .開(kāi)音節(jié)絕對(duì)開(kāi)音節(jié)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)元音字母后面沒(méi)有輔字

3、組的重讀音節(jié).例如：noblueba-bystu-dentse-cret.相對(duì)開(kāi)音節(jié)：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)元音字母后面加單個(gè)輔音字母,再加一個(gè)不發(fā)音字母e構(gòu)成的重讀音節(jié).例如：namethesebikehomeex-cuse.0-045 .閉音節(jié)單個(gè)元音字母后面有輔字組rwy除外且以輔字組結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié).例如：bageggfishnotcup0-056 .雙音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)那么雙音節(jié)詞的第一個(gè)音節(jié)通常是重讀音節(jié).例如：stu-dentsec-ondau-tumn0含有a-be-de-re-in-ex-等前綴的雙音節(jié)詞往往是在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上重讀.雙音節(jié)詞的重讀位置不會(huì)因增加前綴或后綴而發(fā)生改變.例如：aboutbef

4、oreexcuserepair7 .多音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)那么多音節(jié)詞通常在倒數(shù)第三個(gè)音節(jié)重讀.例如：el-e-phantcon-grat-u-la-tion詞尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的詞,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一個(gè)音節(jié)上重讀.例：scientificimpression英語(yǔ)單詞發(fā)音規(guī)那么一、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字母讀音例詞a在開(kāi)音節(jié)中einameplaneJanebabycake在閉音節(jié)中?bagdadhatmapblackbacke在開(kāi)音節(jié)中i:hethesemeChinese在閉音節(jié)中ebedletpendeskyeseggi在開(kāi)音節(jié)中aibikeflydriv

5、etimenicekite在閉音節(jié)中ifishbigdrinksitmilkswimo在開(kāi)音節(jié)中outhoseclosegohoehomeno在閉音節(jié)中?clocknotboxshopsocku在開(kāi)音節(jié)中ju:studentexcusedutyTuesday在閉音節(jié)中Abuscupjumpmuchlunch在開(kāi)音節(jié)中,元音字母u在輔音字母j、l、r、s后面時(shí)讀u:音,例：Junebluerulersuper二、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的特殊讀音a在w音后面發(fā)音為?如:wantwhatwatchwashqualitya在fnskphspssstth前發(fā)音為a如:afterplantgraphaskg

6、raspglassfastfatheri在-nd、-ld和gh前發(fā)音為ai如：findchildlighthigho在-st-ld前發(fā)音為ou如：mostpostcardoldcoldo在mnvth前發(fā)音為A如：comemonkeylovemother二、元音字母在非重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字母讀音例詞編號(hào)aChinaanotherwomanbreakfast2-01iorangecomradevi11agecabbage2-02ehundredstudentopenmoment2-03ichickenpocketbeginchildren2-04i/iholidaybeautifulfamily

7、animal2-05aiexercisesatellite2-06osecondtonightsomebodywelcome2-07ualsozerophoto2-08uautumndifficult2-09ju(:)popularcongratulationJanuary2-10動(dòng)詞中的a如果處在開(kāi)音節(jié)位置,at$tei音,例如：operate2-11u處在開(kāi)音節(jié)位置,又在輔音字母jlrs后面時(shí),讀u(:)音,例如：JulyinfluenceFebruaryissue2-12在非重讀音節(jié)中,許多單詞中的元音字母aei即可以讀作口音,也可以讀作i音.三、元音字母在重讀音節(jié)中的特殊讀音元音字母讀

8、音例詞編號(hào)a在w首后面wantwhatwatchwashquality3-01a在fnskphspssstth前_：afterplantgraphaskgraspglassfastfather3-02i在-nd-ld和gh前aifindchildlighthigh3-03.在-st-ld前oumostpostcardoldcold3-04.在mnvth前comemonkeylovemother3-05四、-r音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字組讀音例詞編號(hào)arar在w音后面_:carfarmdarksharpener4-01:warmquartertowards4-02Ioror在w音后面:

9、fortymorningshort4-03:wordworkerworse4-04erirur:certainlybirdThursday4-05輔音字母r雙寫(xiě)時(shí),前面的元音字母不能與r構(gòu)成-r音節(jié),而是按重讀閉音節(jié)的拼讀規(guī)那么發(fā)音.例如:carryberrymirrorsorryhurry4-06-r音節(jié)元音字組在非重讀音節(jié)中通常讀音,例如：dollarteachermartyrcomfortSaturday五、-re音節(jié)元音字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字組讀音例詞編號(hào)are金官caredarehare5-01ereiheremere5-02ireaifirehirewire5-03ore:m

10、orescorebefore5-04urejupurecure5-05完整的-re音節(jié)areereireore很少出現(xiàn)在非重讀音節(jié)中,ure在非重讀音節(jié)中讀口音,例如：picturepleasure非重讀音節(jié)中-re音節(jié)的變體通常發(fā)r音,例如：salary5-06重讀音節(jié)中元音字母加r,再加非重讀元字組時(shí),元音字母和r構(gòu)成-re音節(jié)的變體,按-re音節(jié)拼讀規(guī)那么拼讀,字母r讀r音.例如：parentzeroinspiringstoryduring5-07某些常用詞及多音節(jié)詞經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)音短化現(xiàn)象.例如：orangeveryAmericanparagraphforestspirit5-08六、元音

11、字組在重讀音節(jié)中的讀音元音字組讀音例詞編號(hào)ai/ayeiafraidrainwaitdayplay6-01air金官airhairchairpairrepair6-02alal在fm前:smallballtalkwallall6-03:lalwaysalsosaltalmost6-04_:halfcalm6-05au/aw:autumndaughterdraw6-06eai:teacheasycheapplease6-07eheavybreadsweaterweather6-08eibreakgreat6-09eariheardearnearclearyear6-10金官bearpearwea

12、rswear6-11:earthlearnearly6-12eei:jeepweekgreenthree6-13eeripioneerdeerbeer6-14ei/eyeieightneighbourthey6-15eu/ew在jlr后ju:newfewnewspaper6-16u:flewbrewjewelry6-17ie/s音后拼寫(xiě)為eii:piecefieldreceiveseize6-18oaoucoatJoanboatgoal6-19oar/oor:roarboarddoorfloor6-20oi/oyinoisepointboytoilet6-21oou:broomfoodtoot

13、hschool6-22ubooklookcookfootgood6-23ou/owauflowerhousecountdown6-24uknowrowthrowthough6-25youngcountryenough6-26u:groupyousoupthrough6-27our:courseyourfour6-28auourhourours6-29:journey6-30uiui在jlrs后ju:ifluidsuicidetuition6-31u:juicefruitsuit6-32九、輔字組的讀音輔字組讀音例詞編號(hào)bbbikebusbag9-01/bombtomblambclimb9-02

14、cc在e前或在i/y前kcakepicturecoatmusic9-03sfacedecidecinema9-04chmuchchickrichteacher9-05kschoolheadachechemistry9-06machineChicago9-07-ckkcockpocketblackknock9-08dddoctorbreadhandday9-09-dgebridgefridge9-10dr-drchildrendriverdrink9-11fffivefourbreakfast9-12gg在ei/y前baggardongo9-13orangelargeGerman9-14-ghg

15、h-fcoughenoughrough9-15sorghumspaghettighost9-16gu-gueguessleaguedialogueguitar9-17wlanguageanguishpenguin9-18hhhotheadhousehand9-19/hourhonesthonor9-20jjeepjarjokejoinJuly9-21kkkindbikeskatemakeweek9-22kn-nknifeknowknock9-23lllifemilkschooltall9-24Lmmmonkeycometomato9-25-mnmautumncolumnsolemn9-26nn

16、在kg音前nnotshinetennote9-27?unclethankhungry9-28-ng?morningyoungwrong9-29pppaperplanepigshippen9-30phfelephantphototelephone9-31-q/-quekMaqcheque9-32qu-kwqualityquitequarter9-33rrredrubberruler9-34s在音節(jié)開(kāi)頭或清輔音前在元音字母間或濁輔音前ssitsleepdesk9-35zmusichusband9-36sc-skscarletscoutScotland9-37smusclescience9-38shshefishshirtwash9-39t在通常情況下在弱讀字母iaieio前ttenlettermeet9-40patientnation9-41tchwatchcatchmatch9-42th在通常情況下在冠詞代詞介詞連詞中在詞尾-the-ther中SBthinthirtymethod9-43鏤thethesewiththan9-44鏤clothefatherweather9-45tr-trtreetraincountrytruck9-46vvveryvoiceloveleave9-47wwweekwinwakesweetwait9-48/answertwo9-49wh-wh-在字母