1、Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero基礎知識I抓主干固雙基1.mean adj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的2.generous adj.慷慨的；大方的3.easy-going adj.隨和的；溫和寬容的4.self n.自我;自身5.selfish adj.自私的6.selfless adj.無私的；忘我的7.selflessly adv.無私地；忘我地8.invader n. 侵略者9.republic n.共和國；共和政體10.principle n.法則；原則；原理閱11.livelihood n.生計；謀生讀12.mankind n. 人類詞13.lawy

2、er n. 律師匯14.legal adj.法律的；依照法律的15 .fee n. 費（會費、學費等）；酬金16 .league n. 同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會17 .Youth League 青年團18 .quote n. 引用語；語錄19 .release vt.釋放；發(fā)行20 .blanket n.毛毯；毯子21 .terror n.恐，怖；可怕白勺人;恐怖時期；恐怖活動22 .anti- 前綴 反；抗；阻23 .anti-black adj. 反黑人的24 .warm-hearted adj.熱心腸的識1.quality n.質(zhì)重；口口質(zhì)，性質(zhì)記2.active adj.積極的；活躍的詞3.

3、devote vt.（與to連用）獻身；專心于匯4 .devoted adj.忠實的；深愛的5 .found vt.建立;建設6 .peaceful adj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的7 .hopeful adj.,印有希望的；有希望的8 .youthn.青年；青年時期9 .guidance n.指導;領導10 .stage n.舞臺；階段；時期11 .vote vt.& vi.投票；選舉n.投票；選票；表決12 .attack vt.進攻;攻擊；抨擊13 .equal adj.相等的；平等的14 .willing adj.樂意的；自愿的15 .unfair adj.不公正的；不公平的識記

4、詞匯16 .escape vi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開；泄露17 .educatevt.教育；訓練18 .educated adj.受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的19 .beg vi.請求；乞求20 .relative n.親戚；親屬21 .reward n.報酬；獎金vt.酬勞；獎賞22 .sentence vt.判決；宣判23 .president n.總統(tǒng)；會長；校長；行長24 .opinion n.意見；看法；主張25 .violence n.暴力；暴行26 .cruelty n.殘忍；殘酷拓展詞匯l.active adj.積極的；活躍的一 actively adv.積極地；活躍地一

5、activity n.活動2.devote vt.獻身；專心丁一 devoted adj.忠實的;深愛的一 devotion n.關愛；獻身；奉獻；忠誠3 .peaceful adj.和平的；平靜的；女丁的一 peacefully adv.和 平地一 peace n.和平；平靜；和睦4 .guidance n.指導；領guide vt.帶領，弓1導 n.向?qū)? .violence n.暴力；暴行一 violent adj.暴力的;猛烈的一 violently adv.猛烈地6 .equal adj.相等的；平等的一 equality n.平等；相等一 equally adv. 同 樣地；相等地

6、；公平地7 .educate vt.教育；訓練一 educated adj.受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的一 educationn.教育feducator n.教育，作者；教育家8.cruelty n.殘忍；殘酷-cruel adj.殘忍的；殘酷的短語記憶1.out of work失業(yè)1.1 n trouble在危險、受罰、痛古、憂慮等的處境中1.105 e heart喪失勇氣或怎心4 .come to power 當權;上臺5 .turn to求助于；致力于6 .as a matter of fact 事實上7 .blow up使充氣；爆炸8 .set up設立;建立9.be sentenced to

7、被判處（徒開U）句型整理I.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress .過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪了我們的權利，阻擋了我們的進步2一.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。句型整理3.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.我 A次向一個（參觀）小組談論（羅本島監(jiān)獄的情況）時，心

8、里覺得很不好受。重The Attributive Clause ( n ) (where,when,why,prep.+which / whom)定語從句(n )占 八、語法(where,when,why,prep.+which / whom)-考點知識I解疑難，提知能重點單詞l.devote vt. 獻身；專心于歸納拓展devote oneself to獻身于;致力于;專心于devote.to把 奉獻于be devoted to 深愛；致力于devotion to 對 的專心/投入/奉獻/忠誠等單句填空Others insist that with children under increa

9、sing pressure to devote (devote)theirdowntime to internships ( 實習)or study,there ' s still room for an institution thatprotects the lazy days of childhood.(2018年 11 月浙江，閱讀理解 B)Mothers ' devotion(devote) to children can hardly be calculated.，特別提示在短語devote.to 中to為介詞，其后接名詞或動詞-ing形式，類似短語還包括:look

10、 forward to 期盼;get down to 開始著手做 ;be / get used to 習慣于;be / get accustomed to 習慣于;lead to 導致;pay attention to 注意;object to 反對。2.equal adj. 相等的；勝任的；平等的n.同等的人；相等物v.等于；抵得上歸納拓展be equal to+n. / doing sth. 等于；與 相等；有 的能力；勝任A equals B in.A在 方面比得上 B或與B相匹敵完成句子 Bill is equal to(勝任)(the task of) running the off

11、ice. After all,not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts,feelings,and most同等生存的權利）.（2019江蘇，完形填空）importantly,equal rights to survive(3.escape v.& n. 逃月;逃生escape from 從 逃脫，逃避escape doing 避免做歸納拓展 a narrow escape九死一生sth. escape（s） sb.某物被某人遺傳；未被注息完成句子A lunchtime escape （午餐間隙）allows her to

12、keep a boss from tapping her on theshoulder.（2019 全國n，閱讀理解 C）他險些溺死。He narrowly escaped being drowned.翻譯句子我記不起他的名字了。His name escapes me.4.reward n.報酬，報答，獎賞；酬金v.酬勞，酬謝，報答，獎賞in reward (for.)作為(對的）報答，作為（對的）獎賞歸納拓展 give / offer a reward to sb. for sth.因某事給某人報酬（或賞金） reward sb.with sth. for (doing) sth.為（做）某

13、事而用某物獎賞某人完成句子 If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome,you can give it asoften as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward(值得言語贊揚 ).(2019年6月浙江，概要寫作)我想做點什么報答她的好意。I ' d like to do something in reward for her kindness.作者的母親拿書來獎賞他。The author s mother rewarded him

14、 with books.詞語辨析：單詞名詞動詞reward報酬、獎金或一些非金錢的報酬指因?qū)Ψ降墓ぷ?、服務、幫助而給予的報酬或獎賞rewardsb.for （doing） sth.因（彳故）杲事而報答/獎勵某人award獎品，獎金，與prize 相似授予,頒發(fā) award sb. sth.=award sth. to sb.用reward,award的適當形式填空He was awarded Golden Lion,which rewarded him for his achievement in films.他被授予金獅獎，以此獎勵他在電影方面的成就。1.out of work 失業(yè)(=ou

15、t of a job) out of control失控 out of repair失修 out of order有毛病，出故障歸納拓展 out of date過時 out of danger脫險 out of place不適當 out of breath喘不上氣用out的詞組填空他必須正視失業(yè)這一現(xiàn)實。He must face the reality of being out of work.街角的電話又壞了。The phone at the street corner is out of order again.2.in trouble在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中（表狀態(tài)）歸納拓展a

16、sk / look for trouble找麻煩；自討苦吃take trouble to do sth.費力/不辭辛古地做某事（可根據(jù)語境在 trouble 前加上 a lot of / a little / great 等）get into / out of trouble陷入/擺脫困境（表動作）特別提示 "be in+名詞”結構be in anger 生氣be in surprise 驚訝be in a hurry匆匆忙忙地完成句子Getting a little closer realized one kayak（皮劃艇）was in trouble（ 陷入困境）.（2018全

17、國n ,完形填空）如果你這樣擺弄危險的化學品，你簡直是在自討苦吃。If you play with dangerous chemicals like that you' re just asking fortrouble.他們費了很大的勁才說服父親和他們住在一起。They took great trouble to persuade their father to live with them.媽媽的心不在焉不僅讓我們陷入困境，而且還給了我們許多有趣的時刻。Morm s being absent-minded not only got us into much trouble,but

18、also gave us manyfunny moments.（2017 年11月浙江，讀后續(xù)寫）3.lose heart 喪失信心歸納拓展 lose one ' s heart to sb.愛上某人heart and soul全心全意from the bottom of sb.' s heart 從某人的心底lose face 丟臉，失面子 put one s heart into 一心撲在 上用heart的相關短語完成句子當Sally發(fā)現(xiàn)她的新學生中有很多問題時，她沒有失去信心。When Sally found there were so many problems amo

19、ng her new students,she didn ' t lose heart.我從心底里感謝她。I thanked her from the bottom of my heart.事實上，世上無難事，只怕有心人。As a matter of fact,nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it.特別提示 短語“l(fā)ose heart ”中heart前不許有任何修飾、限定成分,heart也不用復數(shù)形e to / into power 當權;上臺歸納拓展be in power 當權；執(zhí)政in one ' s

20、power在某人能力以內(nèi)；為某人能力所及out of / beyond one ' s power 超出某人的能力用power的相關短語填空新總統(tǒng)上個月開始執(zhí)政。The new president came into power last month.我恐怕無力幫助你。I ' m afraid it ' s not in my power to help you.這臺電腦給你5%勺折扣，這真的超出了我的權限。It is really beyond my power to give you a 5% discount for this computer.0重點句型1.on

21、ly then did we decide to answer violence with violence.歸納拓展（副詞） only+狀語介詞短語卜部分倒裝只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。-9 -2.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.我第一次向一個（參觀）小組談論（羅本島監(jiān)獄的情況）時，心里覺得很不好受。句中的名詞短語the first time引導時間狀語從句，意為“第一次時"（1）可引導時間狀語從句的名詞短語還有the=as soon asthe instant）歸納拓展eveiy杭m電每次但1. Eachtim已每次時 next tune 下;欠, 寸anytime?。┤魏螘r間,dhe last tinue最后一次隹J寸候