1、1句子成分和簡單句-、 句子的成分（一）、句子各成分的定義1主語：句子敘述的主體Hespeaks En glish.2. 謂語：說明主語所發(fā)出的動(dòng)作。由動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng)。He speaks En glish.3. 賓語：是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者。He speaks English .4.定語：用于描述名詞，代詞,短語的性質(zhì)，特征范圍等情況.Tom is a good boyI_* I iL”一_、|lThe two girls are stude nts.I5.狀語：用于說明事情發(fā)生的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn),原因，目的，結(jié)果方式，條件或伴隨情況，程度等情況。 I eat some bananas today .Th

2、e boy wants a pen very much .In the classroom ,the boy wants a pen.Ii6.補(bǔ)語：補(bǔ)語是起補(bǔ)充說明作用的成份。它的作用對(duì)象是主語和賓語You should keep your eyesope n.My father likes to watch the boysplay ing basketball.7.表語：是用來說明主語的性質(zhì)，身份,特征和狀態(tài)。一般放在系動(dòng)詞之后。These apples are delious.She looks beautiful!8.同位語：在名詞或代詞之后，對(duì)前者加以說明的成分。We student

3、s should study hard.We all are stude nts.9. 獨(dú)立成分：有時(shí)句子中會(huì)有一些與句子沒有語法聯(lián)系的成分，稱為句子獨(dú)立成分2Hi, I m Lucy.Yes,l like math.（二） 、各成分的劃分符號(hào)1. 主語2. 謂語_3 賓語4.定語 （）5狀語 6補(bǔ)語 7主語部分和謂語部分”II表語和系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語；主語同位語則跟主語劃到一起，賓語同位語則跟賓”亠 |I語劃到一起。（三） 、各成分的基本位置關(guān)系主語在謂語前賓語在謂語后主語和賓語前是定語謂語前是狀語主語、賓語后是補(bǔ)語或同位語二、簡單句的 5 種結(jié)構(gòu)（一）簡單句就是只有主謂賓的句子。1.“主謂

4、”結(jié)構(gòu)（擴(kuò)充定語和狀語）The car disappearec 消失）.2.“主系表”結(jié)構(gòu)The girl is very clever.3.“主謂賓”結(jié)構(gòu)The boy speaks En glish.34.“主謂賓+賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)We all think (his) story vinteresting在這里 interesting 當(dāng)補(bǔ)語，補(bǔ)充說明賓語 story,體會(huì)一下把補(bǔ)語去掉是什么滋味兒。5.“主謂+間賓+直賓”結(jié)構(gòu)He gives mepen 這句話中有 2 個(gè)賓語，pen 是直接賓語，me 是間接賓語。(二)、therethere + + bebe 句型。1.“there + b

5、e ”表示“有”。主語不是 there ,而是 be 動(dòng)詞后面的詞語。例 1: There js a book and a pencil on the desk 主語不是 there，而是 is 后面的 book 禾口pen cil.2.there+be 句型的 be 動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于它右邊的第一個(gè)主語的數(shù)。1III” II例 2： There are three books and an apple on the desk.練習(xí)一（一）.指出下列句中主語（4 分，4 分鐘）1The teacher with two of his students is walking into the c

6、lassroom.2There is an old man coming here.3The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.4To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.（二）選出句中謂語的中心詞（10 分，10 分鐘）41I dont like the picture on the wall.A. dontB. likeC. picture D. wall2The days get l on ger and Ion ger whe n

7、 summer comes.A. getB. l on gerC. days D. summer3Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC.goD. bus4There will be a meeti ng at the library this after noon.A. will be B. meet ingC. the library D. after noon5Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.DidB. twinsC. have D. breakfast6T

8、om did nt do his homework yesterday.A. Tom B. did ntC. do7What I want to tell you is this.A. wa ntB. to tellC. you D. is8We had better send for a doctor.A. We B. hadC. send D. doctor9He is interested in music.,A. is B. i nterestedC. i nD. music10Whom did you give my book to?A. give B.didC. whom D. b

9、ookI I（三）挑出下列句中的賓語（10 分，10 分鐘）1My brother has nt done his homework.2People all over the world speak English.3You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.4How many new words did you learn last class?5Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?6The old man sitting at t

10、he gate said he was ill.7They made him monitor of the class.8Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.9You will find it useful after you leave school.10They did nt know who Father Christmas really is.D. his homework5（四） 挑出下列句中的表語（5 分，5 分鐘）1The old man was feeling very tired.2Why

11、 is he worried about Jim?3The leaves have turned yellow.4Soon They all became interested in the subject.5She was the first to learn about it.（五） 挑出下列句中的定語（6 分，6 分鐘）1They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.2What is your given name?3On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.4I am afraid some people forgo

12、t to sweep the floor.5The man downstairs was trying to sleep.6I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!（六） 挑出下列句中的賓語補(bǔ)足語（6 分，6 分鐘）1She likes the childre n to read n ewspapers and books in the read ing-room.2He asked her to take the boy out of school.3She found it difficult to do the work.4They ca

13、ll me Lily sometimes.5I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.6Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?I i（七） 挑出下列句中的狀語（8 分，8 分鐘）1There was a big smile on her face.2Every night he heard the noise upstairs.3He began to learn English when he was eleven.4The man on the motorbike was travel

14、ling too fast.5With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.6She loves the library because she loves books.7I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it.8The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.（八） 劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語（5 分，5 分鐘）61Please tell us a story.72My father b

15、ought a new bike for me last week.3Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.4Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.5Did he leave any message for me?指出下列句子中劃線部分的句子成分: .Whether we II depend onthe weather .3. That washow they were defeated.4.The nu rsery takes good care of our children .5.1 ll return the bo

16、ok you tomorrow .6.We are sure that we shall succeed .7. The woma n with a baby in her arms is his other .8. There are many film that I d like to see.9. Have you met the pers on about whom he was speak ing ?飛 I10.1 have a lot of work to do .11. Any way I won t stop you from doing it . -I I12. I said

17、 it in fun .13. We can send a car over to fetch you .14. She had to work standing up .15. Seeing this ,some comrades became very worried .16. Much interested , he agreed to give it a try .17. The bus arrived ten minutes late .18. We should serve the people heart and soul.19. Spring coming on , the t

18、ree turned green .20. Some farmers saw someth in g strange in the sky .21. We thi nk it n ecessary that every one should atte nd the meeti ng .22. It s strange that she doesn_ L come today .23. It was in the library that I come today .24. He likes drawing at times when he isn 一ing .2. Peoples sta nd

19、ards ofliain;ggoing up steadily .練習(xí)二825. We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.練習(xí)1、 _six years since I began to study English.A. It is B. I have bee n C. There are D. It was2、 _in the room at that time.A. Nobody was B. Some one were C. Who is D. He are3、 ITS very noisy outside._is

20、going on?A. Who B. What C. Which D. Where4、 _in En glish in class every day is importa nt.A. Speak B. Talking C. Saying D. To tell5、 There must be_ near the factory.A. a book store B. book store C. books store D. books stores6、 Although its raining hard,_ are still working in the fields.4I II XA. bu

21、t they B. and they C. they D. si nee theyB”，十III1、 The doctor as well as the nu rses_ great concern for the patie nts.A. show B. shows C. have show n D. are show ing,2、 Your son must be a clever boy,_he?A. is B. is nt C. must D. must nt3、 The computer center,_last year, is very popular among student

22、s irthis school.I iA. ope n B. ope ning C. ope ned D. being ope ned4、 I_go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home.A. must nt B. had to C. cant D. need nt5、 Dont_ excited.A. get B. is C. seem D. look6 This room_every morni ng.A. is clea ning B. is clea ned C. clea ns D. clea ningC1、 Gl

23、ad to meet you!_ is your full n ame?A. What B. Where C. How D. Who92、 He is_to lift the heavy box.A. too weak B. weak tooC. eno ugh weak D. weak eno ugh3、 The days are_ warmer and warmer in spri ng.A. gett ing B. look ing C. seem ing D. going4、 His job is_ English.A. teach B. to teach C. taught D. t

24、eaches5、 Two balls are_ .A. un der the desk B. in the wall C. to here D. at desksD1、 We should get ready_others.A. helping B. to help C. help D. help with2、 _in teresti ng work we are doing?A. What a B. How C. What D. What an3、 I want_a teacher whe n I grow up (-fx;fc).A. to be B. to C. be D. bei ng

25、4、 -Would you like to go on a pic nic with me today?I-I dont think so.To be hon est, I really dont feel like_on aXIjfiI .pic nic.,A. going B. to go C. go D. went5 Do you know_?A. where does he live B. where he livesI IC. where he live D. if where he livesI_ .6 Let_ do it aga in.A. I B. me C. he D. s

26、he7 I dont know_.A. how to do B. what to do C. where to do D. whe n to doE1、 I saw him_ basketball with Jack an hour ago.A. plays B. to play C. played D. play o2、 Sorry, weve kept you_ for a long time.A. waited B. sing C. sta nd D. wait ing103、 The teacher told us_ late again.A. arent be B. dont be

27、C. not to be D. not be4、We find the room very_ .A. warm B. warmly C. terribly D. hardlyF1 、 I found_ difficult to work together with him.A. it B. its C. that D. those2、 We all know_ our duty to clean our classroom after school every day.A. that B. this C. which D. it3、 He found_ very interesting to

28、play with the little dog.A. what B. it C. / D. thatG()1 Tom said he_a good dream yesterday eve ning.A. dream B. dreamed C. have D. has()2 Childre n_a happy life in China.A. lead B. liv ing C. has D. lead ingIHi vi ”y()1 America, Japa n and Can ada are_coun tries.A. develop ing B. developed C. less d

29、eveloped D. develop()2 -_skirt is that o n the chair?-Let me see. Oh, no, its not mine.I iA. Whose B. What C. Whos D. WhichI()3 Do you have anything_?A. say ing B. toAay C. said D. say()4 Look, there is an_tree by the wall.A. apple B. apples C. apples D. apples()5 Where is_ seat?A. yours B. your C.

30、you D. yourselvesI()1 The box is_ heavy for her_ carry.A. very; to B. too; n ot to11C. too; to D. very too; to122 -_ did you buy the new bag?-Last Mon day.A. Where B. How C. When D. Who3 You can see these sig ns in a hospital._ can you see them?A. Where else B. Where place elseC. Where else place D. Else where4 They went out_ their old frie nds.A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited5 There is a wide river_ our village.A. outside B. over C. from D. belowJ1 The young man,_ works in the offi