1、強(qiáng)調(diào)句英語(yǔ)的強(qiáng)調(diào)主要有兩種：一是強(qiáng)調(diào)非謂語(yǔ)（包括主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等）；二是強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 一、強(qiáng)調(diào)非謂語(yǔ) 其基本句型是：“It + is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分 that/who + 其她成分”。It 沒(méi)有實(shí)意，只起語(yǔ)法作用，引導(dǎo)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人時(shí)，可用who(m)/that, 其他情況用that。 例如： It was I who/that met Jack yesterday. 是我昨天碰到了Jack. （強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)） It was Jack that/whom I met yesterday. 我昨天碰到的是Jack。 （強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)） It was yesterday that

2、 I met Jack. 是昨天我碰到了Jack. （強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)） 這幾句話復(fù)原為非強(qiáng)調(diào)句就是：I met Jack yesterday. It is people, not things, that are decisive. 決定的因素是人，不是物。 （強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)） It is because the book is very important for my present job that I bought it. 是因?yàn)檫@本書對(duì)我目前的工作很有用，我才買了它。 （強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語(yǔ)） It was in the supermarket that I gave the book to him

3、. 是在那家超市里我給了他那本書。（強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)） 1強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)： It was John who broke the window. 是John打破了窗子。 原句：John broke the window. It is this overpass that will be pulled down. 將被拆掉的是這個(gè)天橋。 原句：This overpass will be pulled down. It is the people who/that are really powerful. 真正有力量的是人民。 原句：The people are really powerful. 2強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)：

4、 （1）強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 例如： It was at that moment that he changed his mind. 是在那一刻他改變了主意。 It is every day that Professor Smith goes swimming. 史密斯教授是天天去游泳。 It was not until Saturday that he began to prepare for the examination. 他直到星期六才開始為考試作準(zhǔn)備。 注意：這句話的原句是He did not begin to prepare for the examination until Satur

5、day. 變成強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，注意 “not” 位置的變化。 （2）強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。 例如： It was in the library that I met Jack yesterday. 是在圖書館我昨天碰到了Jack. 原句：I met Jack in the library yesterday. It might have been on the bus that I lost my purse. 可能是在公共汽車上我丟失了錢包。 原句是：I might have lost my purse on the bus. 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，也可改為：It was on the bus that I

6、might have lost my purse. It was under the tree that I was sitting then. 當(dāng)時(shí)我正坐在那棵樹下。3強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)。 例如： It was Toms bike that she borrowed, not mine. 她借的是Tom的自行車，不是我的。 It is his dog that hes sold, not his car. 他已賣掉的是他的狗，不是車。 It was a cat that your dog was running after. 你的狗追的是只貓。 4強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)： 例如： It was wonderf

7、ul that we considered his plan. 我們認(rèn)為他的計(jì)劃是絕妙的。 It is Lincoln that they named the aircraft carrier. 他們把那艘航母命名為林肯號(hào)。 It was captain that the team chose him. 那個(gè)隊(duì)選他當(dāng)?shù)氖顷?duì)長(zhǎng)。 It was white that Tom was painting the fence. 湯姆當(dāng)時(shí)正在把籬笆涂成白色的。 這句話的原句是： Tom was painting the fence white. 類似的結(jié)構(gòu)有：color the sun red, colo

8、r the tree green, paint the wall pink 等，這里，顏色作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 It is a fine player that we believe Jane. 我們相信Jane是一個(gè)出色的選手。 It is the Buckingham Palace that the British Queens office building is called. 英國(guó)女王的辦公大樓被稱作白金漢宮。 It is Cadillac that this car is named. 這輛車被命名為卡迪拉克。 二、強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 用“助動(dòng)詞do 動(dòng)詞原形”來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 注意：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

9、只有兩種時(shí)態(tài)能強(qiáng)調(diào)，即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，do有人稱的變化，第三人稱單數(shù)用does，一般過(guò)去時(shí)do 變成did。其他時(shí)態(tài)的強(qiáng)調(diào)通過(guò)重讀謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)體現(xiàn)。 例如： Youre quite wrong？she does like you. 你錯(cuò)了，她真的喜歡你。 Do come in. 快進(jìn)來(lái)。 用“助動(dòng)詞do 動(dòng)詞原形”來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 1強(qiáng)調(diào)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)： 例如： I work hard. I do work hard. She loves you. She does love you. My father smokes a lot. My father does sm

10、oke a lot. 2強(qiáng)調(diào)一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)： 例如： I called you in the morning. I did call you in the morning. I attended the meeting yesterday.   I did attend the meeting yesterday. I handed in the paper yesterday. I did hand in the paper yesterday. He wrote a letter to me yesterday. He did write a letter to m

11、e. He came to see you yesterday. He did come to see you yesterday.倒裝句英語(yǔ)句子的語(yǔ)序一般是固定的：主語(yǔ)在前，謂語(yǔ)在后，這叫陳述語(yǔ)序。謂語(yǔ)的全部或一部分（助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）放在主語(yǔ)之前的現(xiàn)象稱為倒裝。倒裝有兩種情況：語(yǔ)法倒裝和修辭倒裝。因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)而必須倒裝的，叫語(yǔ)法倒裝；為達(dá)到某種修辭目的而倒裝的，叫修辭倒裝。我們學(xué)習(xí)倒裝的主要目的是增加對(duì)英語(yǔ)句式多樣性的認(rèn)識(shí)，以便在寫作和口語(yǔ)中使用，這也是我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的主要目的。 一、語(yǔ)法倒裝 1一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句要倒裝 例如： Shall I open the door? 要我開門

12、嗎？ Are you cold? 你冷嗎？ Can you read this poem in German? 你能用德語(yǔ)朗誦這首詩(shī)嗎？ Which of the pictures do you like best? 你最喜歡哪張畫？ How are you getting along? 你目前怎么樣？ When will there be lasting peace in the world? 什么時(shí)候世界上才能有持久的和平？ 2There be 句型當(dāng)中。There be 句型表達(dá)的意思是：“某處有.”。這個(gè)句型的主語(yǔ)在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后面，因此這是倒裝語(yǔ)序。 例如： There are not

13、many people who want to read this book. 想看這本書的人不多。 There once lived a pack of wolves in this cave. 在這個(gè)洞里曾經(jīng)住過(guò)一群狼。 There happened to be a taxi parked at the gate. 碰巧門口停著一輛出租車。 There is goin g to be a change in our arrangement. 我們的安排將有一個(gè)變化。 3當(dāng)連詞as 表示“雖然、盡管”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句子要倒裝，as 相當(dāng)于though,可以替換。 如： Small as

14、/though the atom is, we can smash it. 盡管原子很小，我們可以擊碎它。 Tired as/though he was, he went on working. (=Although he was very tired, he went on working.) 雖然他很累，他還是接著工作。 Cold as/though it was, we went out. 雖然天氣冷，我們還是出去了。 Child as/though she is, she knows a great deal. 她雖然是個(gè)孩子，但她懂得很多。 Teacher as he is, he

15、knows little about teaching. 盡管他是個(gè)老師，但不懂什么教學(xué)。 Pilots as he claims he is, no one has ever seen him fly a plane. 盡管他聲稱是個(gè)飛行員，但誰(shuí)也沒(méi)見過(guò)他非飛機(jī)。 注意后四句是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)作表語(yǔ)并提前，習(xí)慣上不用冠詞。 4虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件從句中的if 被省略時(shí)，要把從句中的were, had 或should 移到主語(yǔ)之前。（if 的省略、倒裝只限于從句中有were, had 或should這三個(gè)詞時(shí)。） 例如： If I had been In your place, I wouldnt hav

16、e given it up so early. =Had I been in your place, I wouldnt have given it up so early. 如果我在你的位置，我不會(huì)這樣早放棄。 If he were to succeed, the sun would rise from the west. Were he to succeed, the sun. 如果他能成功，太陽(yáng)就會(huì)從西邊出來(lái)。 If you should be asked about this, say that you know nothing. =Should you be asked about

17、this, say 如果有人問(wèn)起你這件事，你就說(shuō)你什么也不知道。 Were there no air or water, there would be no life on the earth. 如果沒(méi)有空氣和水，地球上就不會(huì)有生命。 Had you been more careful, you might have avoided the mistake. 如果你再細(xì)心點(diǎn)，本來(lái)事可以避免這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的。 5以so開頭的，表示“也一樣”，“也這樣”的句子要倒裝。So 用于肯定句，代替上文中的形容詞、名詞或動(dòng)詞，通常指前面所說(shuō)的肯定情況也適用于其他人或物。結(jié)構(gòu)是“so + be (do, have

18、其他助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)主語(yǔ)”。 如： Production is going up, so is the peoples standard of living. 生產(chǎn)不斷發(fā)展，人們的生活水平也一樣。 Society has changed and so have the people in it. 社會(huì)變了， 社會(huì)上的人也變了。 Coal is under the ground, and so is oil. 煤在地底下，石油也是。 He saw it, and so did I. 他看見了，我也看見了。 They can swim now, and so can we. 他們現(xiàn)在能游泳，我們

19、也能。 We must start for the work-site now. So must you. 我們?cè)搫?dòng)身去工地了，你們也該去了。 注意：如果只是對(duì)前句的內(nèi)容表示同意，則不要倒裝。 如： It was hot yesterday. ？So it was! 昨天很熱。是的。 He works very hard. ？So he does. 他工作很努力。是的。 Tomorrow will be Monday. ？So it will. 明天星期一。對(duì)。 翻譯下列句子： 1）我會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。我弟弟也會(huì)。 I can speak English. So can my brother. 2）他

20、們上星期日到頤和園去了。我們也去了。 They went to the Summer Palace last Sunday. So did we. 3）他去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。我也去過(guò)。 He has been to the Great Wall. So have I. 4）她喜歡教英語(yǔ)。我姐姐也喜歡。 She enjoys teaching English. So does my sister.5）你說(shuō)他很努力，對(duì)，他確實(shí)很努力，你也一樣。 You say he works hard. So he does, and so do you. 注意：在so.that.結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果so 在句首，通常也用倒裝結(jié)

21、構(gòu)。 例如： So easy is it that a boy can learn it. 那很容易，小孩子都能學(xué)。 （原句是：It is so easy that a boy can learn it.） So rapidly did he speak that we could hardly understand him clearly. 他說(shuō)得很快，我們簡(jiǎn)直聽不清楚。 （原句是：He spoke so rapidly that we could hardly understand him clearly.） 6以neither與nor開頭的句子，表示“也不”時(shí)，句子倒裝。Neither

22、與nor 意思相同，可以互換。Neither, nor 用于否定句，通常指前面所說(shuō)的否定情況也適用于其他人或物。結(jié)構(gòu)是：Neither (nor) + be (do, have, 其他助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞) 主語(yǔ)。 例如： I wont do such a thing. Nor/Neither will anyone else. 我不會(huì)做這樣的事，別人也不會(huì)。 The first one wasnt good and neither was the second. 第一個(gè)不好，第二個(gè)也不好。 I wont go there. Neither will she. 我將不去那里。她也不去。 翻譯練習(xí)：

23、 1）我不知道他住哪兒。她也不知道。 I dont know where he lives. Neither does she. 2）我不知道這兩個(gè)句子的區(qū)別。？他們也不知道。 I dont know the difference between these two sentences. Nor do they. 3）我昨天晚上沒(méi)有寫作文。魏芳也沒(méi)寫。 I didnt write my composition yesterday evening. Neither did Wei Fang. 4）學(xué)生們不在教室里。老師也不在。 The students were not in the class

24、room. Nor was the teacher. 7以here, there, now, then 等副詞開頭的句子中。習(xí)慣上用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（除以then開頭的句子用過(guò)去時(shí)）。 例如： There comes the bus! 汽車來(lái)了。 There goes the bell. 鈴響了。 Now comes your turn. 該輪到你了。 Then came a new difficulty. 接著來(lái)了個(gè)新難題。 Then followed three days of heavy rain. 后來(lái)連著下了三天大雨。 Up went the plane. 飛起來(lái)了飛機(jī)。 Our rush

25、ed a cat from under the bed. 從床底下竄出一只貓。 Here is a letter for you. 這兒有你一封信。 注意：在這種句型中，如果主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)就不倒裝。 例如： Here you are. 給你。 There he comes. 他來(lái)了。 Here it is. 這就是。 8在表示祝愿的句子中。 如： May you have a pleasant trip. 祝你旅途愉快。 二、修辭倒裝 1在以never, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, seldom, not only, not until, nor, lit

26、tle, nowhere, hardly.when, no sooner.than, by no means, under no circumstances 等開頭的句子中，主謂要倒裝。這些都是表示否定或半否定意義的詞或詞組。 例如： Never have I come across such a difficult problem. 我還從沒(méi)有遇到過(guò)這樣困難的問(wèn)題。 Seldom do I read such magazines. 我很少讀這種雜志。 No sooner had they left than the bus arrived. 他們剛走，公共汽車就來(lái)了。 Never befor

27、e have I met him. 我以前從未見過(guò)他。 Hardly did I think it possible. 我想這幾乎不可能。 Not only should we not be a fraid of difficulties, but we should try our best to overcome them. 我們不但應(yīng)該不怕困難，而且要盡最大努力克服困難。 Not until midnight did it stop raining. 直到半夜雨才停。 （正常語(yǔ)序是：It did not stop raining until midnight. 注意not位置的變化） V

28、ery seldom do you find that two clocks or watches exactly agree. 你很難發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)鐘或表的時(shí)間完全一樣。 By no means will this method produce satisfactory results. 這種方法決不會(huì)產(chǎn)生令人滿意的結(jié)果。 翻譯練習(xí)（使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)）： 1)我從來(lái)沒(méi)有讀過(guò)這么一本有意思的書。 Never have I read such an interesting book. 2)她一點(diǎn)也不知道會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。 Little does she know what may happen. 3)我簡(jiǎn)直不

29、相信這是真的。 Hardly could I believe it (to be) true. 4)我剛到家，就下起大雨來(lái)了。 No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain heavily. 5)最近我很少見到她。 Seldom have I met her recently. 6)愛(ài)因斯坦不僅是世界聞名的科學(xué)家，而且還是一個(gè)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的小提琴家。 Not only was Einstein a world famous scientist, but also a fairly good violinist. 7)直到戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束，他才回家。

30、Not until after the war did he return home. （正常語(yǔ)序是： He did not return home until after the war.） 8)在任何情況下，我們都不應(yīng)該做違反人民意愿的事。 Under no circumstances should we do anything against the will of the people. 2在以“only+狀語(yǔ)”開頭的句子中，主謂要倒裝。這里only后面必須跟有它修飾的狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句，這是關(guān)鍵。否則就不倒裝。 例如： Only after the war was over was ma

31、n able to realize the wickedness of the atomic bomb. 只是在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后人類才意識(shí)到原子彈的可惡。 （注意：only 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句不倒裝，主句倒裝。） Only then did I realize the importance of English. 只在那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到英語(yǔ)的重要性。 Only in this way can we improve ourselves. 只有用這種方法我們才能不斷提高自己。 Only after you finish it can you leave. 只有結(jié)束它以后，你才能離開。（主句倒裝） 注意：Only

32、 如不在句首，或only 修飾的不是狀語(yǔ)，則不倒裝。 如： The contract was signed only after bitter negotiations. 只有在艱苦的談判以后，合同才得以簽署。 （改成倒裝：Only after bitter negotiations was the contract signed.） Only the senior staff are allowed to use this room. 只許資深的職員使用這個(gè)房間。 Only five passengers survived the accident. 事故中只有五位旅客生存了下來(lái)。3用于以表

33、示處所、聲音等意義的副詞開頭的句子。用表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的不及物動(dòng)詞（如go, come, rush, fly 等）作謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了表示生動(dòng)，可將某些副詞放在句首，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前，形成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 例如： Away flew the birds. 鳥兒飛走了。 Out went the children. 孩子們出去了。 Down came the rain. 下起大雨來(lái)了。 Bang went the firecracker. 爆竹砰的一聲響了。 The door burst open and in rushed a stranger. 門突然開了，一個(gè)陌生人沖了進(jìn)來(lái)。 4用倒裝來(lái)避免頭重腳輕，使句子顯得平衡。這主要是因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)或強(qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。 例如： At the center o